Chinese
于尔格宜(地名)。欲望岂能获得安乐?因为具有痛苦本性的身体,安乐极其稀少。因此,安乐不像痛苦那样可以通过欲望获得,因为它依赖于食物、饮料等其他因素。即使如此,世间之人,你们为何如此珍视极其稀少的安乐?又为何不畏惧仅仅通过欲望就能轻易获得且众多的痛苦?因为对少许安乐的期望是痛苦的根源,所以应当舍弃对它的执着。如何舍弃呢?被安乐的享受所持续滋养的、极其娇嫩的身体,即使是微小的痛苦,也像火焰触碰到新叶一样,会变得非常脆弱,必定会成为巨大痛苦的容器。因此,恭敬身体和恭敬敌人,这两者看起来是相同的,因为两者都会积聚痛苦的根源。此外,身体即使经过漫长的时间,被长久以来作为安乐之源的享受所滋养,也不会变成安乐的自性,因为它具有痛苦的自性。自性是不可能被其他因素所压倒的,例如乌鸦即使养育了杜鹃的幼鸟,也不会变成乌鸦。如果说,国王等与大福报相关的众生,从出生到死亡都只感受到安乐,因此身体是痛苦的自性是不合理的,那么,拥有眷属和享受等巨大福报的至高众生,如国王等,都怀有无法忍受他人兴盛的嫉妒,以及担心自己的权力被他人损害等的精神痛苦;而种姓低贱、缺乏食物和衣物等的一般众生,则遭受饥渴等身体产生的痛苦。因此,身体和精神的两种痛苦日复一日地摧毁着这个世界,所以根本不存在自性安乐。如果说,虽然存在两种痛苦,但由于被巨大的安乐所压倒,所以无法察觉
English
Urgyi (place name). How can happiness be obtained through desire? Because happiness is extremely rare in a body that is by nature suffering. Therefore, happiness is not like suffering, which can be obtained through desire, as it depends on other factors such as food and drink. Even so, worldly people, why do you cherish the extremely rare happiness so much? And why are you not afraid of the abundant suffering that can be easily obtained through desire alone? Because the expectation of a small amount of happiness is the root of suffering, one should abandon attachment to it. How to abandon it? A very delicate body that is constantly nourished by the enjoyment of happiness, even a small amount of suffering, like a flame touching a new leaf, will become very fragile and will surely become a container of great suffering. Therefore, respecting the body and respecting the enemy seem to be the same, because both accumulate the root of suffering. Furthermore, even if the body is nourished for a long time by enjoyment that has long been the source of happiness, it will not become the nature of happiness, because it has the nature of suffering. Nature cannot be overwhelmed by other factors, just as a crow will not become a crow even if it raises a cuckoo's chick. If it is said that beings such as kings who are associated with great merit only feel happiness from birth to death, so it is unreasonable for the body to be the nature of suffering, then supreme beings who possess great merit such as retinues and enjoyments, such as kings, have mental suffering such as jealousy that cannot tolerate the prosperity of others, and fear that their power will be harmed by others; while ordinary beings of low caste who lack food and clothing suffer from physical suffering such as hunger and thirst. Therefore, the two sufferings of body and mind destroy this world day by day, so there is no such thing as natural happiness. If it is said that although there are two kinds of suffering, they are not perceived because they are overwhelmed by great happiness
Chinese
唉!快乐不是伟大的,因为它依赖于痛苦的控制下的概念而产生。例如,当一个人认为“我是施舍者和富人”时,他会感到快乐。然而,即使享受已经实现,当他担心被他人伤害时,不快乐就会产生。因此,先前的快乐消失了。因此,快乐的产生和消失都依赖于概念,并受概念的控制。痛苦则不然,因为没有任何概念可以阻止痛苦的力量。此外,享受令人愉悦的事物所带来的快乐,以及与快乐的产生相一致的概念,都会被痛苦所摧毁,并受其控制。例如,即使享受感官的令人愉悦的对象,当被任何一种痛苦压倒时,所有的快乐都会与概念一起消失,只剩下痛苦的体验。因此,总的来说,没有任何快乐比痛苦更强大。第二点是:如果快乐难以获得,但不会造成伤害,因此是身体的本质;而痛苦虽然很多,但会造成伤害,因此不是本质,那么(该如何理解呢)?就像儿童、青少年、壮年和老年等,随着时间的流逝和增长,衰老和疾病等痛苦会不断增加,而青少年等快乐则会逐渐消失。因此,痛苦是身体的本质,而快乐则似乎与身体的本质不同。如果身体是痛苦的本质,但可以通过快乐的原因来弥补,因此不应该对身体感到厌倦,那么(该如何理解呢)?对于身体来说,痛苦的原因有很多,例如内部自身的不平衡元素的疾病,以及外部自身的寒冷等不愉快的触觉的原因。如此多的痛苦原因显现,而快乐的原因,无论是内部的还是外部的,都没有显现。因为快乐的原因很少,而痛苦的原因很多,所以不能因为有快乐的原因就不应该对痛苦感到厌倦。
English
Alas! Happiness is not great, because it depends on the concept of being under the control of suffering to arise. For example, when a person thinks, "I am a giver and rich," he feels happy. However, even if enjoyment has been achieved, when he worries about being harmed by others, unhappiness arises. Therefore, the previous happiness vanishes. Therefore, both the arising and ceasing of happiness depend on concepts and are controlled by them. Suffering is not like that, because there is no concept that can stop the power of suffering. Furthermore, both the happiness of enjoying pleasant things and the concept that is consistent with the arising of happiness are destroyed by suffering and are controlled by it. For example, even when enjoying the pleasant objects of the senses, when overwhelmed by any kind of suffering, all that happiness vanishes together with the concept, and only the experience of suffering remains. Therefore, in general, there is no happiness that is more powerful than suffering. The second point is: If happiness is difficult to obtain but does not cause harm, therefore it is the nature of the body; and suffering, although plentiful, causes harm, therefore it is not the nature, then (how should it be understood)? Just as children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly, etc., as time passes and increases, the suffering of aging and illness, etc., increases more and more, while the happiness of youth, etc., gradually disappears. Therefore, suffering is the nature of the body, while happiness seems to be different from the nature of this body. If the body is the nature of suffering, but it can be compensated for by the cause of happiness, therefore one should not be weary of the body, then (how should it be understood)? For the body, there are many causes of suffering, such as diseases caused by the imbalance of internal elements, and external causes of unpleasant tactile sensations such as cold. So many causes of suffering appear, while the causes of happiness, whether internal or external, do not appear. Because the causes of happiness are few and the causes of suffering are many, it is not reasonable to say that one should not be weary of suffering because there is a cause of happiness.
Tibetan
། གལ་ཏེ་བདེ་བ་རང་བཞིན་གྱིས་མེད་ན་དེ་འཕེལ་བར་མི་འགྱུར་བ་ཞིག་ན་གོང་ནས་གོང་དུ་འཕེལ་བ་ཡོད་པའི་ཕྱིར་བདེ་བ་ཡོད་དོ་ཞེ་ན། བདེ་བའི་རྒྱུ་ཟས་སྐོམ་སོགས་ཤས་ཆེར་སྤྱོད་པ་ལས་མཐར་སྡུག་བསྔལ་འབྱུང་བར་མཐོང་བས་གོང་ནས་གོང་དུ་འཕེལ་བཞིན་པ་ཡི་བདེ་བ་དེ་ལས་བཟློག་པ་སྡུག་བསྔལ་འབྱུང་བ་མཐོང་བ་དེ་ལྟར། སྡུག་བསྔལ་གོང་ནས་གོང་དུ་འཕེལ་བཞིན་པ་ལ་ནི་དེ་ལས་བཟློག་པ་བདེ་བ་འབྱུང་བ་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། སྡུག་བསྔལ་ནི་མངོན་པར་འཕེལ་བ་ན་ལུས་སེམས་ཤིན་ཏུ་གདུང་བར་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ན་འཕེལ་བ་ལ་བཟློག་པ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་སྡུག་བསྔལ་ནི་རང་བཞིན་ཡིན་ལ། བདེ་བ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །བདེ་བ་ནི་རང་གི་ངོ་བོ་ཉམས་ཆུང་བར་མ་ཟད་རྐྱེན་ཉམས་ཆུང་བ་ཡང་ཡིན་ཏེ། བདེ་བའི་རྒྱུ་གྲང་བ་དང་དྲོ་བའི་རེག་པ་སོགས་བསྟེན་པ་ན་མཐར་སྡུག་བསྔལ་འབྱུང་བས་རང་གི་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་དང་ལྷན་ཅིག་ཏུ་བདེ་བ་ལས་ལྡོག་པ་སྡུག་བསྔལ་འབྱུང་བ་མཐོང་གི་སྡུག་བསྔལ་རྣམས་ནི་ཤས་ཆེར་སྤྱད་པ་ན་ཆེར་རྩུབ་པ་དང་དྲག་པོའི་སྡུག་བསྔལ་འབའ་ཞིག་བསྐྱེད་པར་མཐོང་གི་ནམ་ཡང་བདེ་བ་མི་བསྐྱེད་ལ། དེའི་ཕྱིར་སྡུག་བསྔལ་ལ་རང་གི་རྐྱེན་དང་ལྷན་ཅིག་ཏུ་བཟློག་པ་བདེ་བ་འབྱུང་བ་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེའི་ཕྱིར་རྒྱུ་སྟོབས་དང་ལྡན་པའི་ཕྱིར་ཡང་སྡུག་བསྔལ་ཉིད་དུ་སྟོབས་དང་ལྡན་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །གལ་ཏེ་ལྷ་སྦྱིན་བདེ་བ་དང་ལྡན་ནོ་ཞེས་བརྗོད་པ་འདི་ཡོད་པས་ན་བདེ་བ་ཡོད་དོ་ཞེ་ན། འདུ་བྱེད་རྣམས་སྐད་ཅིག་རེ་རེ་ལ་འཇིག་པའི་ངང་ཚུལ་ཅན་ཡིན་པས་སྐད་ཅིག་ལ་འཆི་བ་ཡིན་ལ། དེ་ཡང་དུས་གསུམ་ལ་མི་འཁྲུལ་པས་ཁྱོད་འཆི་བཞིན་དུ་སྔར་གྱི་དུས་སོང་ཞིང་ད་ལྟ་འགྲོ་བ་དང་མ་འོངས་པ་ན་འགྲོ་བར་འགྱུར་བ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེའི་ཕྱིར་དུས་གསུམ་ལ་ཁྱབ་པའི་འཆི་བས་འཆི་བཞིན་པ་ནི་བདེ་བར་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་རྣམ་པ་ཀུན་ཏུ་མི་རིགས་སོ། །གཞན་ཡང་སྡུག་བསྔལ་གྱི་རྒྱུ་རྟག་ཏུ་ཉེ་བའི་ཕྱིར་ཡང་བདེ་བའི་འདུ་ཤེས་མི་རིགས་ཏེ། འདི་ལྟར་ལུས་ཅན་རྣམས་ལ་བཀྲེས་སྐོམ་ཚ་གྲང་སོགས་ལུས་ལ་གནོད་པའི་རྒྱུ་རྟག་ཏུ་ཉེ་བར་ཡོད་པར་འགྱུར་ན། དུས་འཁོར་མོར་སྡུག་བསྔལ་གྱིས་གནོད་བཞིན་པ་ནི་བདེ་བའོ་ཞེས་རྣམ་པ་ཀུན་ཏུ་མི་རིགས་སོ། །གལ་ཏེ་བདེ་བ་རང་བཞིན་གྱིས་མེད་མོད། རྒྱུ་རྐྱེན་ཚོགས་པའི་སྒོ་ནས་ཡོད་ཅེ་ན། བདེ་བ་ནི་ལུས་ལ་རག་ལས་པས། ལུས་ཀྱང་འབྱུང་བ་ལ་རག་ལས་ཤིང་། དེ་དག་རེ་རེ་ལ་ལུས་བསྐྱེད་པའི་ནུས་པ་མེད་
Chinese
如果快乐本质上不存在,那么它就不会增长,如果快乐是增长的,那么快乐就存在。如果这样说,因为大量使用食物和饮料等快乐的起因,最终会产生痛苦,所以看到快乐不断增长,反而会产生痛苦。痛苦不断增长,但不会由此产生快乐,因为痛苦明显增长时,身心会非常痛苦。因此,由于增长没有逆转,所以痛苦是本质,而快乐不是。快乐不仅自身的本质微弱,而且因缘也很微弱。因为依赖寒冷和温暖的触觉等快乐的起因,最终会产生痛苦,所以看到快乐与其因缘一起,会从快乐转变为痛苦。而痛苦如果大量使用,只会产生更加粗暴和强烈的痛苦,永远不会产生快乐。因此,痛苦与其因缘一起,不会由此产生快乐。因此,由于原因具有力量,所以痛苦本身也具有力量。如果说因为有“天授快乐”的说法,所以快乐存在。那么,诸行刹那生灭,所以刹那死亡。而且,这在三时中不会错乱,你死亡时,过去的时代已经过去,现在正在过去,未来将会过去。因此,被遍及三时的死亡所吞噬而正在死亡,这怎么能说是快乐呢?无论如何都是不合理的。此外,由于痛苦的起因总是接近,所以快乐的观念也是不合理的。例如,众生总是接近饥渴、寒热等对身体有害的起因。因此,一直被痛苦所损害,怎么能说是快乐呢?无论如何都是不合理的。如果说快乐本质上不存在,但通过因缘聚合而存在。那么,快乐依赖于身体,身体也依赖于元素。而这些元素中的每一个都没有产生身体的能力。
English
If happiness does not exist by its own nature, then it will not increase. If happiness increases, then happiness exists. If you say so, because the cause of happiness, such as food and drink, is used in large quantities, eventually suffering arises. Therefore, seeing happiness constantly increasing, suffering arises instead. Suffering constantly increases, but happiness does not arise from it, because when suffering obviously increases, the body and mind become very painful. Therefore, since there is no reversal of increase, suffering is the essence, and happiness is not. Happiness is not only weak in its own essence, but also weak in its conditions. Because relying on the touch of cold and warmth, etc., which are the causes of happiness, eventually suffering arises. Therefore, seeing happiness together with its conditions, it turns from happiness to suffering. And if suffering is used in large quantities, it only produces more rough and intense suffering, and never produces happiness. Therefore, suffering together with its conditions, happiness does not arise from it. Therefore, since the cause has power, suffering itself also has power. If you say that because there is the saying "Devadatta is happy," therefore happiness exists. Then, all phenomena are momentary and perishable, so they die in an instant. Moreover, this is not confused in the three times. As you die, the past time has passed, the present is passing, and the future will pass. Therefore, being consumed by death that pervades the three times, how can it be said to be happiness? It is unreasonable in every way. Furthermore, since the cause of suffering is always near, the notion of happiness is also unreasonable. For example, beings are always near the causes harmful to the body, such as hunger, thirst, heat, and cold. Therefore, being constantly harmed by suffering, how can it be said to be happiness? It is unreasonable in every way. If you say that happiness does not exist by its own nature, but exists through the aggregation of causes and conditions. Then, happiness depends on the body, and the body also depends on the elements. And each of these elements does not have the ability to produce the body.