Chinese
不与取,非布施不取,不行不净行,妄语,谷酒及能致醉之放逸处,非时食,高广大床,超过床榻之量,歌舞及除病之外之香及花鬘等,于一日夜间以舍弃之方式,随学过去诸阿罗汉之律仪,此等八支名为斋戒。彼之异熟者,于后世欲天所受用之六欲天之悦意身,是为施予。何者耶?谓具有彼律仪之三洲之男女也。以其无有他者别解脱之律仪故。近住之律仪者,以五支所摄。如是,舍弃损害他者,是为正受之支;舍弃损害自他,是为正受之支;于已正受者,恢复已失坏者之支;于彼,舍弃损害他者之命及受用,及为令已正受者不失坏故,安住正念之支;及不令正念迷乱之支。于彼,舍弃损害他者之命及受用,是为第一支。舍弃不行不净行,是为第二支。如是,彼舍弃者,不依自妻故,不损己身;不依他妻故,不损他人之故也。舍弃妄语,是为第三支。除舍弃能致醉者之外,舍弃彼之外之三处,是为第四支。如是,彼恒常依于歌舞及音乐之声,及香及花鬘及高广之床座,及非时食,彼等见自性寂静须臾须臾之时,自性以斋戒而行斋戒耶?如是念诵之时,恒常安住正念之故也。舍弃能致醉者,是为第五支。如是,我安住于正念耶?如是虽作意,然彼支者,为酒醉所醉
English
Not taking what is not given, not taking without being given, not engaging in impure conduct, lying, grain alcohol and places of heedlessness that cause intoxication, untimely food, high and large beds exceeding the measure of couches, and perfumes and garlands except for the purpose of song, dance, and healing, by abandoning them for one day and night, following the discipline of past Arhats, these eight branches are called "fasting." Its ripening is that in future lives, it bestows the desirable bodies of the six desire realms of gods to be enjoyed by those who desire them. To whom? To the men and women of the three continents who possess that discipline. Because others do not have individual liberation vows. The vows of abiding nearby are encompassed by five branches. Thus, abandoning harm to others is the branch of truly receiving; abandoning harm to oneself and others is the branch of truly receiving; for those who have truly received, the branch of restoring what has been lost; in that, abandoning harm to the life and possessions of others, and for the sake of not losing what has been truly received, the branch of establishing mindfulness; and the branch of not letting mindfulness become confused. In that, abandoning harm to the life and possessions of others is the first branch. Abandoning impure conduct is the second branch. Thus, by abandoning that, one does not harm oneself by not relying on one's own wife, and one does not harm others by not relying on another's wife. Abandoning lying is the third branch. Except for abandoning what causes intoxication, abandoning the other three places is the fourth branch. Thus, when one constantly relies on dance, song, the sound of music, perfumes, garlands, high and large beds, and untimely food, and sees oneself in solitude for a moment, a moment, does one practice fasting with fasting? When reciting thus, it is because one constantly abides in mindfulness. Abandoning what causes intoxication is the fifth branch. Thus, even if one thinks, "I am abiding in mindfulness," that branch is intoxicated by the intoxication of alcohol.
Chinese
因为愚昧而变得没有自主。为什么在近住戒的戒条中,没有把禁止接受金银作为一条支分,而在沙弥戒的戒条中,却把禁止接受金银作为一条支分呢?因为沙弥是安住在出家方面的,对于出家来说,有两种情况非常不庄严,而且与戒律不符。这两种情况是:像贪欲堕落到享受的极端,致力于随心所欲地享受嬉戏的快乐和打扮;以及积蓄财产。为了舍弃与戒律不符的第一种情况,所以制定了从歌舞音乐等,到非时食之间的禁戒。为了舍弃与戒律不符的第二种情况,所以制定了禁止接受金银的禁戒,因为金银是所有积蓄的根本和主要。对于在家方面来说,那样的过失不太严重,而且没有与戒律不符的情况,因此在近住戒的支分中,没有制定禁止接受金银的禁戒。为什么把歌舞音乐的声音、涂香、花鬘和涂饰品等,作为近住戒的一条支分,而在沙弥戒中,却分为两条支分来制定呢?因为对于在家者来说,无论如何违犯了这些,都只需要忏悔一个罪过,为了不必忏悔两个罪过,所以中间分开,归纳为一条支分。因为与出家之戒不符,如果违犯了这些,就需要忏悔两个罪过,而且不是一个罪过,所以加重,制定为两条支分。第三,舍弃颠倒的想法:因为在家人们贪执于恶行,所以会产生很多悭吝等心理上的过失,那些也是堕入恶趣的原因,为了从那些中扭转过来,(经中)说:‘悭吝、虚伪、欺骗和贪执、懒惰,以及慢性的我慢、贪欲、嗔恨,还有种姓、容貌和博学、青春,以及权势强大,胜者视如仇敌。’意思是说,对于自己的财物总是执着,并且与布施相违背的悭吝;以及持有掩盖自己罪过的方法的虚伪;以及为了欺骗他人,而总是展示不真实的功德的欺骗;以及对身体和享受产生贪恋的贪执。
English
Because of ignorance, one becomes without autonomy. Why is abstaining from accepting gold and silver not established as a branch in the vows of the Upavasa, while abstaining from it is established as a branch in the vows of a Shramanera? Because a Shramanera abides in the aspect of renunciation. For renunciation, two situations are very unseemly and inconsistent with discipline. These are: like desire falling to the extreme of enjoyment, striving to indulge in the joy of play and adornment as one pleases; and accumulating possessions. To abandon the first situation that is inconsistent with discipline, the prohibitions from dancing, singing, and the sound of music, etc., to untimely food are established. To abandon the second situation that is inconsistent with discipline, the prohibition of accepting gold and silver is established, because gold and silver are the root and main of all accumulation. For the layperson's aspect, the fault is not so great, and there is no inconsistency with discipline, therefore, abstaining from accepting gold and silver is not established as a branch of the Upavasa. Why is holding dancing, singing, the sound of music, incense, garlands, and ointments established as one branch in the vows of the Upavasa, while for a Shramanera, it is made into two branches? Because for a layperson, if one violates these, one only needs to confess one fault. To avoid having to confess two faults, it is divided in the middle and summarized into one branch. Because it is inconsistent with the discipline of renunciation, if one violates these, one needs to confess two faults, and it is not one fault, so it is made heavier and established as two branches. Third, abandoning inverted thoughts: Because laypeople are attached to bad deeds, many mental faults such as stinginess arise. Those are also the cause of falling into the lower realms. To turn away from those, it is said: 'Stinginess, deceit, deception, attachment, laziness, and conceited pride, desire, hatred, and lineage, appearance, learning, youth, and great power, the Victorious Ones see as enemies.' It means stinginess, which always clings to one's own possessions and is contrary to giving; and deceit, which holds the means of covering up one's own faults; and deception, which always shows untrue qualities for the purpose of deceiving others; and attachment, which craves the body and enjoyment.
Tibetan
་དང་། དགེ་བ་སྒྲུབ་པ་ལ་མི་སྤྲོ་བའི་སྙོམས་ལས་དང་། ཡོན་ཏན་ཁྱད་པར་ཅན་མ་ཐོབ་པ་བདག་གིས་ཐོབ་བོ་སྙམ་དུ་སེམས་ཁེངས་པ་མངོན་པའི་ང་རྒྱལ་དང་། འཁྲིག་པ་ལ་སྲེད་པའི་འདོད་ཆགས་དང་། སེམས་ཅན་ལ་ཀུན་ནས་མནར་སེམས་པའི་ཞེ་སྡང་དང་ཆོས་བརྒྱད་པོ་དེ་དག་དང་། རིགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཆོས་ལྔ་ལ་ཆགས་པས་སེམས་ཁེངས་པའི་རྒྱགས་པ་སྟེ། མི་དགེ་བའི་ཆོས་བཅུ་གསུམ་པོ་དེ་དག་ནི། དགེ་བའི་སྲོག་འཕྲོག་པར་བྱེད་པས་དགྲ་དང་འདྲ་བར་གཟིགས་ཏེ། སྐད་ཅིག་ཀྱང་འགྲོགས་པར་མི་བྱའོ་ཞེས་པའོ། །ང་རྒྱལ་ནི་རིགས་སོགས་ཀྱི་ཡོན་ཏན་གཞན་དང་འཇལ་བས་སེམས་ཁེངས་པ་ཡིན་ལ། རྒྱགས་པ་ནི་གཞན་ལ་མི་ལྟོས་པར་རང་གི་རིགས་སོགས་ཀྱིས་སེམས་ཁེངས་པ་སྟེ། མཛོད་དུ། ང་རྒྱལ་ཁེངས་པ་རྒྱགས་པ་ནི། །རང་གི་ཆོས་ལ་ཆགས་པ་ཡིས། །སེམས་ནི་ཡོངས་སུ་གཏུགས་པའོ། །ཞེས་བཤད་དོ། །བཞི་པ་བག་ཡོད་པར་བྱ་བ་ནི། དགེ་བའི་ཆོས་རྣམས་ཀྱི་རྩ་བ་ནི། བག་ཡོད་པ་ཡིན་ལ། ཁྱིམ་པ་རྣམས་ལ་ཡང་བག་དང་བཅས་པར་བྱ་བ་ཡོད་པས། དེ་ལ་འགོད་པར་བཞེད་ནས། བག་ཡོད་བདུད་རྩིའི་གནས་དེ་བག་མེད་པ། །འཆི་བའི་གནས་སུ་ཐུབ་པས་བཀའ་བསྩལ་ཏེ། །དེ་བས་ཁྱོད་ཀྱི་དགེ་ཆོས་སྤེལ་སླད་དུ། །གུས་པས་རྟག་ཏུ་བག་དང་བཅས་པར་མཛོད། །ཅེས་གསུངས་ཏེ། དགེ་བའི་ཆོས་བསྒོམ་ཞིང་། ཟག་པ་དང་བཅས་པའི་ཆོས་རྣམས་ལ་སེམས་བསྲུང་བའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཅན་གྱི་བག་ཡོད་པ་ནི་འཆི་བ་མེད་པའི་གོ་འཕང་མྱ་ངན་ལས་འདས་པ་བདུད་རྩིའི་གནས་ཡིན་ལ། ཇི་སྐད་བཤད་པ་ལས་བཟློག་པའི་བག་མེད་པ་ནི་འཁོར་བར་སྐྱེ་བ་དང་། འཆི་བའི་སྡུག་བསྔལ་མྱོང་བའི་གནས་ཡིན་ནོ། །ཞེས་ཐུབ་པས་བཀའ་བསྩལ་ཏེ། ཇི་སྐད་དུ། བག་ཡོད་བདུད་རྩིའི་གནས་ཡིན་ཏེ། །བག་མེད་པ་ནི་འཆི་བའི་གནས། །བག་ཡོད་འཆི་བར་མི་འགྱུར་ཏེ། །བག་མེད་པ་ནི་རྟག་ཏུ་འཆི། །ཞེས་གསུངས་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །གང་གི་ཕྱིར་དེ་ལྟར་ཡིན་པ་དེ་བས་ན། ཁྱོད་ཀྱིས་དགེ་བའི་ཆོས་མ་སྐྱེས་པ་བསྐྱེད་པ་དང་། སྐྱེས་པ་གོང་ནས་གོང་དུ་སྤེལ་བའི་སླད་དུ་རྟག་ཏུ་དགེ་བའི་ཆོས་ལ་གོམས་པར་བྱེད་པའི་བག་ཡོད་དང་བཅས་པར་མཛོད་ཅིག ཅེས་པའོ། ། གལ་ཏེ་ཁྱོད་ཀྱིས་ཁོ་བོའི་དོན་བྱེད་པར་འདོད་ན་དང་པོ་ཉིད་ནས་དགེ་བ་ལ་བསྐུལ་བའི་གདམས་པ་འདི་ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་མ་སྨྲས། ཁོ་བོ་སྔར་བག་མེད་པར་གྱུར་ཟིན་པས་ད་ཅི་བྱར་ཡོད་སྙམ་ན། གང་ཞིག་སྔོན་ཆད་བག་མེད་གྱུར་པ་ལས། །ཕྱི་ནས་བག་དང་ལྡན་པར་གྱུར་དེ་ཡང་། །ཟླ་བ་སྤྲིན་བྲལ་ལྟ་བུར་རྣམ་མཛེས
Chinese
并且,对于行善不感兴趣的懈怠,以及没有获得殊胜功德却自认为已经获得的傲慢,对性爱贪恋的贪欲,以及对众生普遍怀有恼害之心的嗔恨,这八种法,以及对种姓等五种法的执着而产生的骄慢。这十三种不善之法,如同夺取善根生命的敌人一样看待,片刻也不要与之相处。傲慢是指以种姓等功德与他人比较而产生的骄傲自满。骄慢是指不依赖他人,仅凭自己的种姓等而产生的骄傲自满。《俱舍论》中说:傲慢、骄慢、自满,是由于执着自己的法,心完全被占据。第四,应当谨慎。善法的根本是谨慎,即使对于在家之人,也有应当谨慎之事,因此为了安立于此,佛说:谨慎是甘露之处,放逸是死亡之处。因此,为了增进你的善法,请以恭敬心恒常保持谨慎。意思是说,修习善法,守护有漏之法,具有这种特性的谨慎是不死之位,涅槃甘露之处。与上述相反的放逸是轮回的生处,是体验死亡痛苦之处。如佛所说:谨慎是甘露之处,放逸是死亡之处。谨慎者不死,放逸者恒常死亡。因为如此,所以为了你生起未生之善法,并使已生之善法更增上,请恒常以习惯善法的谨慎来行事。如果你们想要为我做事,为什么一开始不说劝勉行善的教言呢?如果心想我以前已经放逸了,现在怎么办呢?对于那些曾经放逸,后来变得谨慎的人,也像乌云消散后的月亮一样美丽。
English
And, laziness, which is not interested in doing good deeds, and arrogance, which is conceited thinking that one has attained special qualities that one has not attained, lustful desire for sexual intercourse, and hatred that universally torments sentient beings, these eight dharmas, and pride that is conceited due to attachment to the five dharmas such as lineage. These thirteen non-virtuous dharmas should be regarded as enemies that rob the life of virtue, and should not be associated with even for a moment. Arrogance is the conceit that arises from comparing one's own qualities such as lineage with others. Pride is the conceit that arises from one's own lineage etc., without relying on others. In the Abhidharmakosha it says: Arrogance, conceit, and pride are when the mind is completely occupied by attachment to one's own dharma. Fourth, one should be mindful. The root of all virtuous dharmas is mindfulness, and even for householders, there are things that should be done with mindfulness. Therefore, wishing to establish this, the Buddha said: Mindfulness is the place of nectar, and carelessness is the place of death. Therefore, in order to increase your virtuous dharma, always be mindful with reverence. This means that mindfulness, which has the characteristic of cultivating virtuous dharmas and guarding the mind from defiled dharmas, is the place of immortality, the nectar of nirvana. The opposite of what has been said, carelessness, is the place of birth in samsara and experiencing the suffering of death. As the Buddha said: Mindfulness is the place of nectar, and carelessness is the place of death. The mindful do not die, and the careless always die. Because it is so, therefore, in order for you to generate unarisen virtuous dharmas and to increase arisen virtuous dharmas, please always act with mindfulness that is accustomed to virtuous dharmas. If you want to do something for me, why didn't you say this advice to encourage virtue from the beginning? If you think that I have already been careless in the past, what can I do now? Those who were once careless but later became mindful are also as beautiful as the moon free from clouds.