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MR26 0002.A Mirror of Jewels, Clearly Combining Two Languages.།.g2.0f

Chinese

总的来说,从心所造作的属于习俗的名称有:桑斯塔(藏文:སཾ་སྠཱ,梵文天城体:सṂस्था,梵文罗马拟音:saṃsthā,汉语字面意思:安立),律的玛雅达(藏文:མཪྻྻ་དཱ,梵文天城体:मर्य्यादा,梵文罗马拟音:maryyādā,汉语字面意思: मर्यादा),规矩的达热纳(藏文:དྷཱ་ར་ཎཱ,梵文天城体:धारणा,梵文罗马拟音:dhāraṇā,汉语字面意思:执持),乡规民约,斯提提(藏文:སྠི་ཏིཿ,梵文天城体:स्थितिः,梵文罗马拟音:sthitiḥ,汉语字面意思:住),律等。而且大仙人和智者们造作国王律法论等论典,必须按照圣旨和理应作为的论典来做,所以圣旨的名称有:阿瓦瓦达(藏文:ཨ་བ་བཱ་དཿ,梵文天城体:अवावादः,梵文罗马拟音:avavādaḥ,汉语字面意思:教诫),教诲,涅提舍(藏文:ནིརྡེ་ཤཿ,梵文天城体:निर्देशः,梵文罗马拟音:nirdeśaḥ,汉语字面意思:指示), निश्चित(梵文天城体:निश्चित),确定指示,涅提舍(藏文:ནི་དེ་ཤཿ,梵文天城体:निदेशः,梵文罗马拟音:nideśaḥ,汉语字面意思:指示),近指示,夏萨南(藏文:ཤཱ་ས་ནཾ,梵文天城体:शासनं,梵文罗马拟音:śāsanaṃ,汉语字面意思:教诫),教法,希提(藏文:ཤིཥྚིཿ,梵文天城体:शिष्टिः,梵文罗马拟音:śiṣṭiḥ,汉语字面意思:训诫),圣旨,阿嘉(藏文:ཨཱ་ཛྙཱ།,梵文天城体:आज्ञा,梵文罗马拟音:ājñā,汉语字面意思:命令),圣旨等。做律法的主体,拉嘉姆(藏文:རཱ་ཛྱམ྄,梵文天城体:राज्यम्,梵文罗马拟音:rājyam,汉语字面意思:王国),国王的统治或方法,拉杰夏雅迪帕提扬嘎拉亚提(藏文:རཱ་ཛྱེ་ཤཱ་ཪྻཱ་དྷི་པ་ཏྱཾ་ཀཱ་ར་ཡ་ཏི,梵文天城体:राज्येशा र्य्याधिपत्यं कारयति,梵文罗马拟音:rājyeśā ryādhipatyaṃ kārayati,汉语字面意思:使国王自在),将成为国王统治的自在者。 萨玛嘉姆(藏文:སམྨཱ་ཛྱཾ,梵文天城体:सम्माज्यं,梵文罗马拟音:sammājyaṃ,汉语字面意思:扫除),国王的统治广大,萨瓦波玛(藏文:སཱརྦ་བྷཽ་མཿ,梵文天城体:सार्वभौमः,梵文罗马拟音:sārvabhaumaḥ,汉语字面意思:一切地),是统治所有土地的国王,匝度然当维吉达旺(藏文:ཙ་ཏུ་རནྟཾ་བི་ཛི་ཏ་བཱཾ,梵文天城体:चतुरन्तं विजितवां,梵文罗马拟音:caturantaṃ vijitavāṃ,汉语字面意思:四边胜利),在四方完全获胜,阿提亚瓦萨提(藏文:ཨ་དྷྱཱ་བ་ས་ཏི,梵文天城体:अध्यावसति,梵文罗马拟音:adhyāvasati,汉语字面意思:居住),如实安排。因为必须安住于如圣旨所出而应理的道路上,所以律法的应有之义的名称是:阿布瑞夏(藏文:ཨ་བྷྲེ་ཥཿ,梵文天城体:अभ्रेषः,梵文罗马拟音:abhreṣaḥ,汉语字面意思:不堕落),不退失,尼亚亚(藏文:ནྱཱ་ཡཿ,梵文天城体:न्यायः,梵文罗马拟音:nyāyaḥ,汉语字面意思:正理),道理,嘎拉帕(藏文:ཀལྤཿ,梵文天城体:कल्पः,梵文罗马拟音:kalpaḥ,汉语字面意思:分别),权利,德夏如邦(藏文:དེ་ཤ་རཱུ་པཾ,梵文天城体:देशरूपं,梵文罗马拟音:deśarūpaṃ,汉语字面意思:国土形貌),显示的自性或善显,萨曼嘉桑(藏文:ས་མཉྫ་སཾ,梵文天城体:समञ्जसं,梵文罗马拟音:saman̄jasaṃ,汉语字面意思:完全适合),完全平等或那样的性质,乌吉当(藏文:ཨུ་ཙི་ཏཾ,梵文天城体:उचितं,梵文罗马拟音:ucitaṃ,汉语字面意思:适合),适合等。国王的法律的名称:夏斯特拉姆(藏文:ཤཱསྟྲཾ,梵文天城体:शास्त्रं,梵文罗马拟音:śāstraṃ,汉语字面意思:论典),法律,阿嘉夏斯特拉姆(藏文:ཨཱ་ཛྙ་ཤཱསྟྲཾ,梵文天城体:आज्ञाशास्त्रं,梵文罗马拟音:ājñāśāstraṃ,汉语字面意思:教令论),圣旨法律,达玛夏斯特拉姆(藏文:དྷརྨྨ་ཤཱསྟྲཾ,梵文天城体:धर्मशास्त्रं,梵文罗马拟音:dharmaśāstraṃ,汉语字面意思:法论),佛法法律,克里亚嘎拉(藏文:ཀྲི་ཡཱ་ཀཱ་རཿ,梵文天城体:क्रियाकारः,梵文罗马拟音:kriyākāraḥ,汉语字面意思:行为者),作为法律,阿提(藏文:ཨཱ་དྷིཿ,梵文天城体:आधिः,梵文罗马拟音:ādhiḥ,汉语字面意思:基础),乡规民约或界限,德雅(藏文:དེ་ཡཿ,梵文天城体:देयः,梵文罗马拟音:deyaḥ,汉语字面意思:应给),强大,即言辞强大等,帕拉阔夏(藏文:པྲ་ཀོ་ཥཱཿ,梵文天城体:प्रकोषाः,梵文罗马拟音:prakoṣāḥ,汉语字面意思:牢狱),监牢或圣旨监牢。从权利产生的物品,即具有应有之义的名称:玉当(藏文:ཡུཀྟཾ,梵文天城体:युक्तं,梵文罗马拟音:yuktaṃ,汉语字面意思:结合),结合或道理,奥帕义刚(藏文:ཨཽ་པ་ཡི་ཀཾ,梵文天城体:औपयिकं,梵文罗马拟音:aupayikaṃ,汉语字面意思:有益),具有方法,拉贝耶(藏文:ལ་བྷྱེ,梵文天城体:लभ्ये,梵文罗马拟音:labhye,汉语字面意思:可得),可获得或应获得,巴匝玛南(藏文:བྷ་ཛ་མཱ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:भजमानं,梵文罗马拟音:bhajamānaṃ,汉语字面意思:崇拜),应侍奉或应有之义,阿毗尼当(藏文:ཨ་བྷི་ནཱི་ཏཾ,梵文天城体:अभिनीतं,梵文罗马拟音:abhinītaṃ,汉语字面意思:引导),显现引导或合理,尼亚扬(藏文:ནྱཱ་ཡྻཾ,梵文天城体:न्याय्यं,梵文罗马拟音:nyāyyaṃ,汉语字面意思:正当),具有道理等。确定成为权利和应有之义的这个和这个的名称:桑帕达热纳(藏文:སཾ་པྲ་དྷཱ་ར་ཎཱ,梵文天城体:संप्रधारणा,梵文罗马拟音:saṃpradhāraṇā,汉语字面意思:完全执持),完全彻底地执持,另外也显现为翻译成商议,萨玛塔南(藏文:ས་མརྠ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:समर्थनं,梵文罗马拟音:samarthanaṃ,汉语字面意思:支持),讨论或行为等。没有理由的律法的名称:维拉夏南(藏文:བི་ལཀྵ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:विलक्षणं,梵文罗马拟音:vilakṣaṇaṃ,汉语字面意思:特殊),没有特征或没有必要。与律法相违背的行为的名称:阿嘎斯(藏文:ཨཱ་གས྄,梵文天城体:आगस्,梵文罗马拟音:āgas,汉语字面意思:罪过),罪过,阿帕拉达(藏文:ཨ་པ་རཱ་དྷཿ,梵文天城体:अपराधः,梵文罗马拟音:aparādhaḥ,汉语字面意思: अपराध),过失,曼图(藏文:མནྟུཿ,梵文天城体:मन्तुः,梵文罗马拟音:mantuḥ,汉语字面意思:思考者),有缺点等。像那样,对于超越法律的,监禁等的束缚的名称:乌达南(藏文:ཨུ་དྡཱ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:उद्दानं,梵文罗马拟音:uddānaṃ,汉语字面意思:总结),执持,班达南(藏文:བནྡྷ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:बन्धनं,梵文罗马拟音:bandhanaṃ,汉语字面意思: बंधन), 束缚。对于罪犯

English

In general, names of customs that are created from the mind include: Saṃsthā (藏文:སཾ་སྠཱ,梵文天城体:सṂस्था,梵文罗马拟音:saṃsthā,汉语字面意思:Establishment), the law of Maryādā (藏文:མཪྻྻ་དཱ,梵文天城体:मर्य्यादा,梵文罗马拟音:maryyādā,汉语字面意思: मर्यादा), the rule of Dhāraṇā (藏文:དྷཱ་ར་ཎཱ,梵文天城体:धारणा,梵文罗马拟音:dhāraṇā,汉语字面意思:Holding), local customs, Sthitiḥ (藏文:སྠི་ཏིཿ,梵文天城体:स्थितिः,梵文罗马拟音:sthitiḥ,汉语字面意思:Abiding), law, and so on. Moreover, great sages and scholars have composed treatises on the king's laws, and it is necessary to act according to the teachings and principles derived from the scriptures. Therefore, names for the decrees include: Avavādaḥ (藏文:ཨ་བ་བཱ་དཿ,梵文天城体:अवावादः,梵文罗马拟音:avavādaḥ,汉语字面意思:Instruction), advice, Nirdeśaḥ (藏文:ནིརྡེ་ཤཿ,梵文天城体:निर्देशः,梵文罗马拟音:nirdeśaḥ,汉语字面意思:Direction), definite instruction, Nideśaḥ (藏文:ནི་དེ་ཤཿ,梵文天城体:निदेशः,梵文罗马拟音:nideśaḥ,汉语字面意思:Direction), near instruction, Śāsanaṃ (藏文:ཤཱ་ས་ནཾ,梵文天城体:शासनं,梵文罗马拟音:śāsanaṃ,汉语字面意思:Teaching), teaching, Śiṣṭiḥ (藏文:ཤིཥྚིཿ,梵文天城体:शिष्टिः,梵文罗马拟音:śiṣṭiḥ,汉语字面意思:Discipline), decree, Ājñā (藏文:ཨཱ་ཛྙཱ།,梵文天城体:आज्ञा,梵文罗马拟音:ājñā,汉语字面意思:Command), decree, and so on. The main agent of the law is Rājyam (藏文:རཱ་ཛྱམ྄,梵文天城体:राज्यम्,梵文罗马拟音:rājyam,汉语字面意思:Kingdom), the king's rule or method. Rājyeśā ryādhipatyaṃ kārayati (藏文:རཱ་ཛྱེ་ཤཱ་ཪྻཱ་དྷི་པ་ཏྱཾ་ཀཱ་ར་ཡ་ཏི,梵文天城体:राज्येशा र्य्याधिपत्यं कारयति,梵文罗马拟音:rājyeśā ryādhipatyaṃ kārayati,汉语字面意思:Causes the king to be sovereign), will become the sovereign of the king's rule. Sammājyaṃ (藏文:སམྨཱ་ཛྱཾ,梵文天城体:सम्माज्यं,梵文罗马拟音:sammājyaṃ,汉语字面意思:Sweeping), the king's rule expands. Sārvabhaumaḥ (藏文:སཱརྦ་བྷཽ་མཿ,梵文天城体:सार्वभौमः,梵文罗马拟音:sārvabhaumaḥ,汉语字面意思:Universal), the king who rules over all lands. Caturantaṃ vijitavāṃ (藏文:ཙ་ཏུ་རནྟཾ་བི་ཛི་ཏ་བཱཾ,梵文天城体:चतुरन्तं विजितवां,梵文罗马拟音:caturantaṃ vijitavāṃ,汉语字面意思:Victorious on four sides), completely victorious in all four directions. Adhyāvasati (藏文:ཨ་དྷྱཱ་བ་ས་ཏི,梵文天城体:अध्यावसति,梵文罗马拟音:adhyāvasati,汉语字面意思:Dwelling), properly arranged. Because it is necessary to abide by the path that is appropriate and reasonable as it comes from the decree, the names for the appropriateness of the law are: Abhreṣaḥ (藏文:ཨ་བྷྲེ་ཥཿ,梵文天城体:अभ्रेषः,梵文罗马拟音:abhreṣaḥ,汉语字面意思:Non-falling), non-decline. Nyāyaḥ (藏文:ནྱཱ་ཡཿ,梵文天城体:न्यायः,梵文罗马拟音:nyāyaḥ,汉语字面意思:Justice), reason. Kalpaḥ (藏文:ཀལྤཿ,梵文天城体:कल्पः,梵文罗马拟音:kalpaḥ,汉语字面意思:Division), right. Deśarūpaṃ (藏文:དེ་ཤ་རཱུ་པཾ,梵文天城体:देशरूपं,梵文罗马拟音:deśarūpaṃ,汉语字面意思:Country form), the nature of showing or good showing. Samanjasaṃ (藏文:ས་མཉྫ་སཾ,梵文天城体:समञ्जसं,梵文罗马拟音:saman̄jasaṃ,汉语字面意思:Perfectly suitable), perfectly equal or of that nature. Ucitaṃ (藏文:ཨུ་ཙི་ཏཾ,梵文天城体:उचितं,梵文罗马拟音:ucitaṃ,汉语字面意思:Suitable), suitable, and so on. Names for the king's law: Śāstraṃ (藏文:ཤཱསྟྲཾ,梵文天城体:शास्त्रं,梵文罗马拟音:śāstraṃ,汉语字面意思:Treatise), law. Ājñāśāstraṃ (藏文:ཨཱ་ཛྙ་ཤཱསྟྲཾ,梵文天城体:आज्ञाशास्त्रं,梵文罗马拟音:ājñāśāstraṃ,汉语字面意思:Commandment treatise), decree law. Dharmaśāstraṃ (藏文:དྷརྨྨ་ཤཱསྟྲཾ,梵文天城体:धर्मशास्त्रं,梵文罗马拟音:dharmaśāstraṃ,汉语字面意思:Dharma treatise), Dharma law. Kriyākāraḥ (藏文:ཀྲི་ཡཱ་ཀཱ་རཿ,梵文天城体:क्रियाकारः,梵文罗马拟音:kriyākāraḥ,汉语字面意思:Action maker), made into law. Ādhiḥ (藏文:ཨཱ་དྷིཿ,梵文天城体:आधिः,梵文罗马拟音:ādhiḥ,汉语字面意思:Basis), local customs or boundaries. Deyaḥ (藏文:དེ་ཡཿ,梵文天城体:देयः,梵文罗马拟音:deyaḥ,汉语字面意思:To be given), powerful, that is, powerful words, and so on. Prakoṣāḥ (藏文:པྲ་ཀོ་ཥཱཿ,梵文天城体:प्रकोषाः,梵文罗马拟音:prakoṣāḥ,汉语字面意思:Cells), prison or decree prison. Things that arise from rights, that is, names that have due meaning: Yuktaṃ (藏文:ཡུཀྟཾ,梵文天城体:युक्तं,梵文罗马拟音:yuktaṃ,汉语字面意思:Joined), joined or reasonable. Aupayikaṃ (藏文:ཨཽ་པ་ཡི་ཀཾ,梵文天城体:औपयिकं,梵文罗马拟音:aupayikaṃ,汉语字面意思:Beneficial), having method. Labhye (藏文:ལ་བྷྱེ,梵文天城体:लभ्ये,梵文罗马拟音:labhye,汉语字面意思:Obtainable), obtainable or should be obtained. Bhajamānaṃ (藏文:བྷ་ཛ་མཱ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:भजमानं,梵文罗马拟音:bhajamānaṃ,汉语字面意思:Worshipping), should be served or has due meaning. Abhinītaṃ (藏文:ཨ་བྷི་ནཱི་ཏཾ,梵文天城体:अभिनीतं,梵文罗马拟音:abhinītaṃ,汉语字面意思:Guided), manifest guidance or reasonable. Nyāyyaṃ (藏文:ནྱཱ་ཡྻཾ,梵文天城体:न्याय्यं,梵文罗马拟音:nyāyyaṃ,汉语字面意思:Just), having reason, and so on. The names for determining what this and that have become rights and due meaning: Saṃpradhāraṇā (藏文:སཾ་པྲ་དྷཱ་ར་ཎཱ,梵文天城体:संप्रधारणा,梵文罗马拟音:saṃpradhāraṇā,汉语字面意思:Complete holding), completely and thoroughly holding, and it also appears to be translated as deliberation. Samarthanaṃ (藏文:ས་མརྠ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:समर्थनं,梵文罗马拟音:samarthanaṃ,汉语字面意思:Support), discussion or behavior, and so on. The name for law without reason: Vilakṣaṇaṃ (藏文:བི་ལཀྵ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:विलक्षणं,梵文罗马拟音:vilakṣaṇaṃ,汉语字面意思:Distinctive), without characteristics or unnecessary. The names for actions that violate the law: Āgas (藏文:ཨཱ་གས྄,梵文天城体:आगस्,梵文罗马拟音:āgas,汉语字面意思:Fault), fault. Aparādhaḥ (藏文:ཨ་པ་རཱ་དྷཿ,梵文天城体:अपराधः,梵文罗马拟音:aparādhaḥ,汉语字面意思:Offense), offense. Mantuḥ (藏文:མནྟུཿ,梵文天城体:मन्तुः,梵文罗马拟音:mantuḥ,汉语字面意思:Thinker), having defects, and so on. Like that, for those who transgress the law, the names for imprisonment and other bonds: Uddānaṃ (藏文:ཨུ་དྡཱ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:उद्दानं,梵文罗马拟音:uddānaṃ,汉语字面意思:Summary), holding. Bandhanaṃ (藏文:བནྡྷ་ནཾ,梵文天城体:बन्धनं,梵文罗马拟音:bandhanaṃ,汉语字面意思: बंधन), bondage. For criminals.