Chinese
里去了。其他各种都完整地记载在这里。这些和《不朽宝藏》中上面所说的，如果把顺序等整理一下记载，对理解有好处。虽然没有那样做成，但还是像流水一样写了下来。 这时，把能动者、所动者、业这三者的意义和各种各样的动词放在一起叙述。任何事物在与任何处所通过任何行为相关联时，具有处所的事物本身就被称为能动者、所动者、业三者区分开来的“能动”。例如，以砍树为例，人是能动者，而像斧头一样，帮助他完成砍树这个行为的工具，在一些语法书中也被称为“能动”。有些人也认为这两者是能动的主要和次要方面。行为是砍伐。作为业的行为就像树一样，是行为所要完成的对象。因此，被砍伐行为所区分的处所的拥有者是能动者。被砍伐行为所区分的树是该处所的业。仅仅从砍伐的对立面来说，就是行为。此外，在“bhū yod pa la'o”等词干后面添加的后缀中，有krit后缀和kun bshad后缀两种，在第一种中，从candrāpa开始，可以添加san等十二个词干后缀，但仍然是词干，并解释了如何再次构成名词。krita即实际的能动后缀，有shas等八个能动者后缀，ta bya等kritya即六个行为后缀。ṇūl（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，ṇūl，汉语字面意思），tṛc（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，tṛc，汉语字面意思），ac（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，ac，汉语字面意思）这三个能动者后缀是普遍适用的。对于每个词干类别的具体情况，为了先前后缀的含义，lyu等九个也是具有能动者含义的后缀。再次，有四十八个实际的krita后缀，加上ting和构成词语的三个通用后缀，总共有五十一个。在第一个方面，有二十三个基于与形容词结合的后缀。在与时态结合的后缀中，有二十五个，首先是an等二十三个。第二种是与时态结合的，用于过去时。ṇini（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，ṇini，汉语字面意思），ḍa（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，ḍa，汉语字面意思），ktavatu（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，ktavatu，汉语字面意思），kta（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，kta，汉语字面意思），atṛn（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，atṛn，汉语字面意思）这五个。此外，ting和构成词语的通用后缀也用于过去时。liṭ（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，liṭ，汉语字面意思），laṅ（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，laṅ，汉语字面意思），līṭ（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，līṭ，汉语字面意思）等等。用于现在时的ting和构成词语的通用后缀是laṭ（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，laṭ，汉语字面意思），以及能动后缀śāsu（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，śāsu，汉语字面意思），śatṛ（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，śatṛ，汉语字面意思），śāban（藏文，梵文天城体，梵文罗马拟音，śāban，汉语字面意思）这三个，即bidi l
English
went to the division. Other various things are fully recorded here. If these and the above-mentioned from the Immortal Treasury were arranged in order, it would be helpful for understanding. Although it was not done that way, it was written down like flowing water. At this time, the meanings of the three, agent, object, and action, and various kinds of verbs are combined and stated in one place. When any object is related to any place through any action, the object possessing the place itself is called "agent" when divided by the three, agent, object, and action. For example, in the case of cutting a tree, the person is the agent, and like an axe, the tool that helps him to complete the action of cutting the tree is also called "agent" in some grammars. Some also see these two as the main and secondary aspects of the agent. The action is cutting. The action as the object is like a tree, which is the object to be accomplished by the action. Therefore, the possessor of the place distinguished by the action of cutting is the agent. The tree distinguished by the action of cutting is the object of that place. From the opposite of just cutting, it is the action. Furthermore, among the suffixes added after stems such as "bhū yod pa la'o," there are two types of suffixes, krit suffixes and kun bshad suffixes. In the first type, starting from candrāpa, twelve stem suffixes such as san can be added, but it is still a stem, and it explains how to construct nouns again. krita, which is the actual agent suffix, has eight agent suffixes such as shas, and kritya, which are six action suffixes such as ta bya. ṇūl (Tibetan, Devanagari, ṇūl, literal meaning), tṛc (Tibetan, Devanagari, tṛc, literal meaning), ac (Tibetan, Devanagari, ac, literal meaning) These three agent suffixes are universally applicable. For the specific circumstances of each stem category, for the meaning of the previous suffix, lyu and other nine are also suffixes with the meaning of agent. Again, there are forty-eight actual krita suffixes, plus three common suffixes for ting and word formation, totaling fifty-one. In the first aspect, there are twenty-three suffixes based on combining with adjectives. Among the suffixes combined with tense, there are twenty-five, first being an and other twenty-three. The second is combined with tense and used for the past tense. ṇini (Tibetan, Devanagari, ṇini, literal meaning), ḍa (Tibetan, Devanagari, ḍa, literal meaning), ktavatu (Tibetan, Devanagari, ktavatu, literal meaning), kta (Tibetan, Devanagari, kta, literal meaning), atṛn (Tibetan, Devanagari, atṛn, literal meaning) these five. In addition, ting and common suffixes for word formation are also used for the past tense. liṭ (Tibetan, Devanagari, liṭ, literal meaning), laṅ (Tibetan, Devanagari, laṅ, literal meaning), līṭ (Tibetan, Devanagari, līṭ, literal meaning) and so on. The common suffixes for ting and word formation used for the present tense are laṭ (Tibetan, Devanagari, laṭ, literal meaning), and the agent suffixes śāsu (Tibetan, Devanagari, śāsu, literal meaning), śatṛ (Tibetan, Devanagari, śatṛ, literal meaning), śāban (Tibetan, Devanagari, śāban, literal meaning) these three, namely bidi l