English
Of the born or deceased. Preta (preta, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Hungry ghost. Yamaloka (yamaloka, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): The world of Yama. Pitrivisaya (pitṛviṣaya, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): The realm of the hungry ghosts. Naraka (naraka, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Hell. Naraka (naraka, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): The bottom of the evil realms. Niraya (niraya, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Devoid of desire. All of these are common names for essence, but if it is said to be a realm, विषय (viṣaya, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)) is added to each name. Because the place cannot be understood without mentioning the name of the world category, it is stated as such. Tapana Naraka (tāpana nāraka, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Hot hell. A distinction of hell, the names of the eight hot hells. Samjiba (saṃjība, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Revival. Kalasutram (kālasūtram, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Black line. Samghata (saṃghāṭa, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Gathered destruction. Raurava (raurava, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Wailing. Maharorava (mahāraurava, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Great wailing. Tapana (tāpana, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Hot. Pratapana (pratāpana, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Very hot. Avici (avīci, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Uninterrupted. The eight cold hells are: Arbuda (arbuda, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): With blisters. Nirbuda (nirbuda, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Blisters burst. Atata (aṭaṭa, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Teeth chattering. Hahaba (hahaba, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Saying "Aiyo". Huhuba (huhuba, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Saying "Achu". Utpala (utpala, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Splitting like an Utpala flower. Padma (padma, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Splitting like a lotus. Mahapadma (mahāpadma, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Splitting like a great lotus. Thus. The names near hell. Kudhulam (kuḍhulam, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): It should be understood as a fire pit, that is, the abyss of the fire pit. Narakah (nārakāḥ, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Hell beings. Like this, if names that understand the meaning are not added to the previous names, then in this case, the meaning of some names cannot be understood specifically. Like this, the great translators of the past, in order not to contradict the sound and to distinguish the purpose of the meaning, the terms set are very grateful and must be understood. Because once the term is set, everyone uses the term in this way afterwards, so all the meanings can be understood. If only the literal meaning of those words is translated, the meaning cannot be easily understood. Kunapam (kuṇapam, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Rotten corpse. Asipattravanam (asipattravanam, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): A forest with leaves like swords. The names of the black-eared daughters of hell are: Alaksmi (alakṣmī, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Unauspicious mother. Nriti (nṛti, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Non-assembly mother. It is said. In those places: Ksuradhara (kṣuradhārā, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Razor's edge. Asidhara (asidhārā, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Sword's edge. Ayah Shalmali Vanam (ayaḥ śalmali vanam, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Iron silk-cotton tree forest. Ayoguta (ayoguṭa, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Iron hammer. Nadi Baitarani (nādī baitaraṇī, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Uncrossable river. Agni Khada (agni khādā, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): The abyss or cave of the fire pit. Thus. Those who experience suffering are: Samcchidyate (saṃcchidyate, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Cutting. Bhindanti (bhindanti, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Piercing. Vishiryate (viśīryate, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): Becoming shattered or collapsed. Nyankutanama Prani (nyaṅkuṭanāmaprāṇi, (Sanskrit, Devanagari, Romanization, literal meaning)): A creature called sharp-beaked worm. Ayastunta