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LT07.g2.5f

Chinese

是生起存在还是不存在呢?尽管自在派(Rang rgyud pa)声称在世俗(tha snyad)中不承认外境(phyi) (273na),但如果果('bras bu)在因(rgyu)时就已独立(gzhan la ma ltos par)成就,那么因又有何用?如果完全不存在,就像兔角(ri rwa)一样,因也毫无用处;二者皆不合理,因此此理证(gtan tshig)善为成立。 第四,遮破因果二者(gnyis ka)四边(mu bzhi)生起(skye)的观点。如上所述,在迷惑('khrul ngor)的层面,从一个种子生出一个苗芽(myu gu)等并不矛盾,但在理智(rigs ngor)的层面,仅从一个因(rgyu)产生一个果('bras bu)等四边生起是不合理的,因为在理智的层面,一(gzhig)性自身不合理,由此,多(du ma)真实成立(bden grub)也被破除了。 第五,中观师(Dbu ma pa)们安立无自性(bden med)的理证之王——大缘起(rten 'brel chen po)之因相是: 《根本慧论》(Rtsa she)中说: 凡是缘起(rten cing 'byung ba)的, 其自性(ngo bo nyid)是寂灭(zhi)的。 如是宣说。苗芽(myu gu)是所立(chos can),并非真实成立(bden par ma grub),因为它(苗芽)是缘起(rten cing 'brel 'byung)的缘故。如是。 对此,亦有遮破常边(rtag pa'i mtha' sel tshul)的方式和遮破断边(chad pa'i mtha' sel tshul)的方式两种: 第一,这些内外诸法(dngos po)是所立(chos can),胜义(don dam par)中并非存在,因为它们是缘起(rten 'brel)的缘故。 第二,再次,它们是所立(chos can),世俗(tha snyad du)中并非不存在,因为它们是缘起(rten 'brel)的缘故,如是。 如此这五种(理证),应成派(Thal 'gyur ba)认为是他者(gzhan la)所承认(grags su 'dod)的,而自在派(Rang rgyud pa)则认为(它们)是自续(rang rgyud)的理证(gtan tshigs)。 总而言之,在此宗派中,通过自(bdag)、他(gzhan)等四种方式的生起(skye ba),丝毫也不存在,而世间('jig rten)中(认为)有生起是著名的,因此(佛)如此宣说: 《入中论》('Jug pa)中说: 世间('jig rten)播下少许种子后, 言说‘我生此子’; 也了知‘树是自己种的’ (273ba); 因此,从他(gzhan)生起在世间('jig rten)中亦不存在。 如是。 第二,安立人无我(gang zag bdag med)的七相(rnam bdun)车喻(shing rta'i rigs pa)理证是: 《入中论》('Jug pa)中说: 车(shing rta)并非许为与自身支分(yan lag)相异, 亦非不异、非不异亦非不异(二者)、亦非具彼(支分), (车)不在支分中,支分亦不在(车)中, 亦非仅是组合,亦非形状,如是。 如是,车(shing rta)并非与它自身的支分(yan lag)——钉子(gzer bu)等相异,

English

Which arises, existence or non-existence? Although the Svātantrikas (Rang rgyud pa) are renowned for not accepting external objects (phyi) conventionally (tha snyad) (273na), if the effect ('bras bu) were already independently (gzhan la ma ltos par) established at the time of the cause (rgyu), then what would be the purpose of the cause? If it were utterly non-existent, like a rabbit's horn (ri rwa), the cause would likewise be of no use whatsoever. Since neither of the two is tenable, this reasoning (gtan tshig) is well established. Fourth, regarding the refutation of the production of the four extremes (mu bzhi skye) in both cause and effect (rgyu 'bras gnyis ka): As taught above, from the perspective of misconception ('khrul ngor), it is not contradictory that one sprout (myu gu) arises from one seed, etc. However, from the perspective of reasoning (rigs ngor), the production of the four extremes, such as only one fruit ('bras bu) arising from only one cause (rgyu), is untenable, because from the perspective of reasoning, oneness (gzhig) itself is not reasonable, and thereby, the true establishment (bden grub) of multiplicity (du ma) is also refuted. Fifth, the sign of the king of reasonings for establishing truthlessness (bden med) by the Madhyamikas (Dbu ma pa) is the great dependent arising (rten 'brel chen po): From Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (Rtsa she): "Whatever is dependently arisen (rten cing 'byung ba), That is peaceful by nature (ngo bo nyid kyis zhi)." Thus it is taught. The sprout (myu gu) is the subject (chos can), it is not truly established (bden par ma grub), because it is dependently arisen (rten cing 'brel 'byung). So it is. Regarding this, there are two ways: the method of eliminating the extreme of permanence (rtag pa'i mtha' sel tshul) and the method of eliminating the extreme of annihilation (chad pa'i mtha' sel tshul): First, these external and internal phenomena (dngos po) are the subject (chos can), they do not exist ultimately (don dam par), because they are dependently arisen (rten 'brel). Second, again, they are the subject (chos can), they do not not-exist conventionally (tha snyad du), because they are dependently arisen (rten 'brel). So it is. In this way, these five [reasonings] are asserted by the Prāsaṅgikas (Thal 'gyur ba) as being renowned to others (gzhan la grags su 'dod), whereas the Svātantrikas (Rang rgyud pa) assert them as autonomous reasonings (rang rgyud kyi gtan tshigs). In short, in this system, there is not even the slightest production (skye ba) through the four ways of self (bdag), other (gzhan), etc. However, since production is renowned in the world ('jig rten), it is taught in that way: From Madhyamakāvatāra ('Jug pa): "Because in the world ('jig rten), having sown merely a seed, One says, 'I gave birth to this child'; And one understands, 'I also planted the tree' (273ba); Therefore, production from other (gzhan las skye ba) does not exist even in the world ('jig rten)." Thus. Second, the seven-fold chariot reasoning (rnam bdun shing rta'i rigs pa) for establishing the selflessness of persons (gang zag bdag med) is: From Madhyamakāvatāra ('Jug pa): "A chariot (shing rta) is not asserted to be other than its own parts (yan lag), Nor is it not-other, nor not-other nor not-other (both), nor possessing them (parts), It is not in the parts, nor are the parts in it, Nor is it merely an aggregate, nor is it a shape. Such is it." Thus, a chariot (shing rta) is not other than its own parts (yan lag)—nails (gzer bu), etc.,

Tibetan

སོགས་ལྔ་པོའི་སྟེང་དུ་ཚོགས་པ་དང་དབྱིབས་ལ་དཔྱད་པ་སྟེ། བརྟགས་དོན་རྣམ་པ་བདུན་གྱིས་བཙལ་ན་ཤིང་རྟ་དེ་རང་གི་ཡན་ལག་ཉིད་དང་དེ་ལས་གཞན་དུ་མི་རྙེད་པ་བཞིན་དུ། བདག་ཀྱང་ཕུང་པོ་ལས་གཞན་ནམ་ཕུང་པོ་ཉིད་དུ་བརྟགས་དོན་རྣམ་པ་བདུན་གྱིས་བཙལ་ན་མི་རྙེད་ཅིང༌། དེ་ལ་དབྱིབས་དང་ཚོགས་པ་ནི་དབྱིབས་ཅན་དང་ཚོགས་པ་ཅན་ལས་གཞན་དུ་མི་རྙེད་པས་ཞར་ལ་ཁེགས་སོ། ། དོན་དམ་དངོས་ཉིད་བློ་འདས་སྤྲོས་མི་འཇུག ། མཐའ་བརྒྱད་སེལ་སོགས་སྤྲོས་གཅོད་ཐ་སྙད་ཙམ། ། དེ་ལྟར་གཏན་ཚིག་གིས་བསྒྲུབ་པ་དེ་ཉིད་ཀུན་རྫོབ་གཞན་སེལ་གྱི་སྒོ་ནས་དོན་དམ་སྒྲུབ་པ་ལྟ་བུ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དོན་དམ་པ་དངོས་ཉིད་ནི་བློ་དང་སྒྲ་རྟོག་གི་ཡུལ་ལས་རིང་དུ་འདས་པས་བློའི་སྤྲོས་པ་གང་ཡང་མི་འཇུག་པའི་ཕྱིར། དེས་ན། སྐྱེ་འགག །རྟག་ཆད། འགྲོ་འོང༌། གཅིག་ཐ་དད་དེ་མཐའ་བརྒྱད་ཀྱི་སྤྲོས་པ་སེལ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པའི་ཚིག་སྤྲོས་པ་རྣམས་ནི་ཀུན་རྫོབ་ཀྱི་སྤྲོས་པ་གཅོད་པ་ལ་གཞན་གྲགས་དང་སྒོ་བསྟུན་པའི་ཐ་སྙད་ཙམ་དུ་སྦྱར་བ་ཡིན་ནོ། ། དམ་བཅའ་བློ་ཡིན་བློ་ནི་ཀུན་རྫོབ་སྟེ། ། དེ་ཕྱིར་དམ་བཅའ་ཁས་ལེན་རང་རྒྱུད་མེད། ། སྐྱེ་མེད་སོགས་ཀྱང་དམ་བཅའ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ། གདོད་ནས་མ་གྲུབ་དངོས་ཞེན་བཟློག་པའི་ཕྱིར། ། དེ་བཟློག་དངོས་མེད་འཛིན་པའང་སྤང་བར་གསུངས། ། ཇི་ཙམ་དུ་དམ་བཅའ་བ་དེ་ཐམས་ཅད་(༢༧༤ན)ནི་བློའི་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་ཅིང༌། བློ་ནི་འཁྲུལ་ཤེས་ཀུན་རྫོབ་པ་ཡིན་པ་དེའི་ཕྱིར་ཐལ་འགྱུར་བ་ལ་དམ་བཅའ་དང་ཁས་ལེན་རང་རྒྱུད་པ་མེད་ལ། སྐྱེ་མེད་དང་སྤྲོས་བྲལ་ལ་སོགས་པ་རྣམས་ཀྱང་རང་རྒྱུད་ཀྱི་དམ་བཅའ་འགོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཚིག་ཏུ་བརྗོད་པ་ནི་ཆོས་དང་གང་ཟག་ལ་སོགས་པ་གདོད་ནས་མ་གྲུབ་ཀྱང་ཕྱི་རོལ་པ་དང་རང་སྡེའི་དངོས་སྨྲ་བ་རྣམས་སྒྲོ་སྐུར་གྱི་མཐར་ལྟུང་པས་དངོས་པོར་ཞེན་པ་བཟློག་པའི་ཕྱིར་དང༌། དངོས་ཞེན་དེ་ཉིད་བཟློག་ནས་དངོས་མེད་དུ་འཛིན་པའི་བློ་ཉིད་ཀྱང་སྤོང་བའི་ཕྱིར་བློ་འདས་དང་འཛིན་མེད་ལ་སོགས་པ་གསུངས་ཏེ། ཞི་བ་ལྷས། གང་ཚེ་དངོས་དང་དངོས་མེད་དག ། བློ་ཡི་མདུན་ན་མི་གནས་པ། ། དེ་ཚེ་རྣམ་པ་གཞན་མེད་པས། ། དམིགས་པ་མེད་པར་རབ་ཏུ་ཞི། ། ཞེས་གསུངས་པ་ལྟར་རོ། ། གྲུབ་མཐར་སྐྱེ་མེད་སྤྲོས་བྲལ་ཞིར་ཞུགས་ལས། ། འཛིན་སྟངས་མེད་པ་ནན་གྱིས་གསུངས་པ་ཡིན། ། ལུགས་འདིའི་རིགས་པས་དཔྱད་

Chinese

等五者之上,再通过对集合与形状的考察。若以七相推理寻求,则如马车在它自身的肢分之外或与其肢分一体都不可得;同样,若以七相推理寻求‘我’在蕴之外或与蕴一体,也不可得。其中,形状和集合,因为在有形状者和有集合者之外也无法寻得,故顺带被遣除。 胜义实性超离心识,不涉戏论; 遣除八边等,唯为断除戏论之假名。 如是,以理论证者,并非如同以世俗遣余之方式来证得胜义。因为胜义实性是远离心识和言诠分别之境,故心识之任何戏论皆不涉入。因此,‘生灭’、‘常断’、‘去来’、‘一异’,此等遣除八边戏论等等的言语戏论,皆是依循他宗共许,仅为断除世俗戏论之假名安立。 宗许即是心识,心识乃是世俗; 因此,宗许、承诺无自续。 ‘无生’等亦非宗许, 为遣除执实,此等本非实有; 遣除执实后,亦宣说应断除执无。 所有宗许皆是心识的造作,而心识是迷乱识、是世俗,因此,随应破派(中观应成派)无有自续的宗许和承诺。 ‘无生’和‘离戏’等等,也并非是安立自续的宗许。因为言语所表达的法和补特伽罗等等,虽然从最初就未曾实有成立,但外道和自宗的有实宗论师们,因为堕入增益与损减的边见,为了遣除他们对实体的执著;并且,在遣除对实体的执著之后,为了遣除执著于‘无’的心识本身,故宣说了‘心识所超’(超离心识)和‘无所执’(无所执持)等等。 寂天论师(Śāntideva)言: 何时实有与非有, 不现前于心识前, 尔时别相皆不存, 无所缘中极寂静。 如是所说。 于宗义中,从‘无生’、‘离戏’、‘入寂’, 极力宣说无所执持之方式。 以此宗派之理,再作考察。

English

Furthermore, analyzing the assembly and form of these five [components] and so forth: if one searches using the sevenfold reasoning, just as a chariot cannot be found as identical to its own parts, nor as separate from them; similarly, if one searches for the 'self' through the sevenfold reasoning, neither as separate from the aggregates nor as identical to the aggregates, it cannot be found. Moreover, form and assembly are incidentally refuted because they cannot be found apart from that which possesses form and that which possesses assembly. Ultimate reality, truly, transcends the mind, no elaborations apply; Eliminating the eight extremes and so forth, is merely a conventional designation for cutting off elaborations. Thus, what is established by reasoning is not like establishing ultimate reality through the elimination of other conventionalities. This is because ultimate reality itself is far beyond the scope of mind and conceptual thought, so no mental elaborations apply to it. Therefore, verbal elaborations such as eliminating the elaborations of the eight extremes — production and cessation, permanence and annihilation, coming and going, unity and multiplicity — are merely conventional designations applied to cut off conventional elaborations, in accordance with what is accepted by others. Assertions are mind, and mind is conventional; Therefore, assertions and premises have no independent standing. 'Unborn' and so forth are also not assertions, Because they are taught to reverse the clinging to reality (things that are not truly established from the beginning); Having reversed that clinging to reality, it is also taught to abandon the grasping at non-existence. Inasmuch as all assertions are a function of the mind, and the mind is a deluded consciousness, a conventional truth, therefore, for the Consequentialists (Prasaṅgikas), there are no independent assertions or premises. 'Unborn' and 'free from elaborations' and so forth are also not posited as independent assertions. This is because, although phenomena and persons, etc., are not truly established from the beginning, externalists and realists within one's own school fall to the extremes of reification and denigration. Therefore, these statements are made to reverse their clinging to reality (substance). And furthermore, having reversed that clinging to reality, in order to also abandon the very mind that grasps at non-existence, concepts like 'transcending the mind' and 'without grasping' are taught. As Śāntideva stated: When neither existence nor non-existence Appears before the mind, Then, with no other aspect remaining, It becomes perfectly peaceful, without an object of apprehension. It is as he said. In this philosophical system, from 'unborn', 'free from elaborations', and 'entered into pacification', The mode of non-apprehension is emphatically taught. Analyze with the reasoning of this system.