English
and arise, all wonderful wish-fulfilling jewels arise, all affairs in all directions open up, and all enjoyment of Dharma and worldly possessions will arise. Ultimately, all your descendants will live on gold. After saying this, the Bodhisattva Monkey, in the central region of the snowy land (Tibet), chose a pleasant place where grains ripened, relying on the central area, possessing nine qualities, naturally producing all virtues, like the heart of the snowy land (Tibet), planted five types of grains. In the summer, he cared for his nephews in the forest full of birds. In the autumn, he went to check the place where the grains were planted and saw that the grains were growing very luxuriantly. There, he summoned the monkey nephews and pointed to the grains, saying, "Take these, these are given to you as food by Ārya-pāla (Noble Protector). Eat one." After saying this, the four hundred monkey cubs said, "Look at this and eat." Therefore, the name was also called Yarlung Zodang. That was the earliest village. These are the ways of showing how to gather with worldly things. Now consider the way of gathering with Dharma. Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara (Ārya-Avalokiteśvara) emitted a ray of light from the palm of his right hand, and at the end of that light, manifested a boy with auspicious marks and signs, and came among those beings in the snowy land (Tibet) who were neither monkeys nor humans, only had tails and bodies covered with hair. Those beings said, "How did you get this beautiful body?" The manifested boy said, "I abandoned the ten non-virtuous actions, practiced the ten virtuous actions, and practiced the six pāramitās (perfections)." The monkey cubs said, "Then teach us too." So the manifested boy taught them the Dharma of abandoning the ten non-virtuous actions, practicing the ten virtuous actions, and practicing the six pāramitās (perfections). The monkey cubs also did that, so their bodies became very complete. In this way, the manifested boy placed them under the precepts of the ten virtuous actions, so that their minds and Dharma became integrated, and they could freely practice Dharma, which is a very great kindness. Moreover, in general, in this Jambudvīpa (continent), there are three hundred and sixty different races, seven hundred and twenty different languages, and the bodies of
Chinese
瑜伽士有十七种不同的变化。骨头变成舌头的程度。据说名字从口中发出的程度也有。但总的来说，可以归纳为十二种姓氏的起源。其中，属于王族的地位高，属于婆罗门种姓的地位尊贵，属于婆罗门种姓的地位纯洁，属于平民种姓的人数众多。据说，这四种姓氏包含了世界上所有的人类种族，所以也被称为四种普遍的种姓起源，也被称为四种外部种姓的起源。印度人起源于天神，所以叫梵语（藏文：སྐྲྀ་ཏ།，梵文天城体：संस्कृत，梵文罗马拟音：saṃskṛta，汉语字面意思：完善的结合），意为完善的结合，说的是天神的语言。中国人起源于龙族，所以叫龙语（藏文：ནཱ་ག་ཏྲི་ཏ་，梵文天城体：नाग，梵文罗马拟音：nāga，汉语字面意思：龙的语言）。蒙古人起源于非天女的猴子，所以叫非天语（藏文：ཨ་སུ་ཏྲི་ཏ་，梵文天城体：असुर，梵文罗马拟音：asura，汉语字面意思：非天神的语言）。藏族人起源于猴子和岩罗刹，所以叫变异语（藏文：ཨ་བ་པྲི་ཏི་ཏ་，梵文天城体：अपभ्रंश，梵文罗马拟音：apabhraṃśa，汉语字面意思：堕落的语言），说的是鬼的语言。这四种是最好的姓氏起源中的两种，也就是四种。因为人们认为藏族是从帕姆切尔的姓氏中分离出来的，所以被称为四种内部种姓起源。这就是所谓的十二种姓氏起源。
English
Yogis have seventeen different transformations. The extent to which bones turn into tongues. It is said that there is also an extent to which names come out of the mouth. But in general, it can be summarized into about twelve origins of surnames. Among them, belonging to the royal family is high, belonging to the Brahmin caste is noble, belonging to the Brahmin caste is pure, and belonging to the commoner caste is numerous. It is said that these four castes include all the human races in the world, so they are also called the four universal caste origins, and also called the four external caste origins. Indians originated from the gods, so it is called Sanskrit (藏文：སྐྲྀ་ཏ།，梵文天城体：संस्कृत，梵文罗马拟音：saṃskṛta，汉语字面意思：Perfected Combination), meaning perfected combination, speaking the language of the gods. Chinese people originated from the Naga, so it is called Naga language (藏文：ནཱ་ག་ཏྲི་ཏ་，梵文天城体：नाग，梵文罗马拟音：nāga，汉语字面意思：Language of the Dragon). Mongols originated from non-divine female monkeys, so it is called Asura language (藏文：ཨ་སུ་ཏྲི་ཏ་，梵文天城体：असुर，梵文罗马拟音：asura，汉语字面意思：Language of the Non-Divine). Tibetans originated from monkeys and rock Rakshasas, so it is called Apabhramsa language (藏文：ཨ་བ་པྲི་ཏི་ཏ་，梵文天城体：अपभ्रंश，梵文罗马拟音：apabhraṃśa，汉语字面意思：Fallen Language), speaking the language of ghosts. These four are the two best of the surname origins, that is, the four. Because it is believed that Tibetans separated from the Pamcher surname, they are called the four internal caste origins. This is what is called the twelve surname origins.
Chinese
以及其他四种。转轮王是统治四宝轮的国王们。在那菩提萨埵国王们的下面。我们赡部洲有三种国王，即：血统、委任和突发。其中，血统的国王是：最初受众臣敬戴者，从第五代起，国王从顶门出生，如何以金轮统治四大部洲。之后很久，在名为梵天赐予的国王在位期间，善逝坏劫如何降临世间。之后很多代，在名为莲花面国王在位期间，善逝金寂如何降临世间。之后很多代，在名为克热克热国王在位期间，佛光网如何降临世间。之后很多代，在迦毗罗卫城，净饭王的在位期间，释迦牟尼佛如何降临世间。等等，最初由谁开启了国王的事业，最后经历了多少代，受众臣敬戴二位，五千二百九十四位，佛陀自身和九十五位出现。另一种说法是，经部说已经过去了十万、五万、一千一百四十八代。律部说已经过去了百万、六千零一万代。论部说已经过去了七百五十万五千五百二十七代。这些都需要考察。所有三藏都一致认为，释迦族因出家而断绝了血统。四位委任的国王是：在血统和突发两种国王的间隙，出现了向四方委任的四位国王。东方中国学术国王，用酥油盘委任，显示好坏。南方印度法王，用甘露宝瓶委任，消除无明。西方大食财富国王，用如意宝珠委任，消除贫困。北方格萨尔战 Kings，用巨大的箭委任，征服敌军。如是说。第三
English
and the other four. The Chakravartin Kings are the kings who rule over the four precious wheels. Below those Bodhisattva Kings. In our Jambudvipa, there are three types of kings: lineage, appointed, and sudden. Among them, the lineage kings are: the first to be revered by many ministers, from the fifth generation onwards, the king was born from the crown of his head, how he ruled the four continents with the golden wheel. After a long time, during the reign of the king named Brahma-given, how the Sugata Kalpa came into the world. After many generations, during the reign of the king named Lotus Face, how the Sugata Golden Stillness came into the world. After many generations, during the reign of the king named Kṛkṛ, how the Buddha Light Net came into the world. After many generations, in the city of Kapilavastu, during the reign of King Śuddhodana, how Shakyamuni Buddha came into the world. And so on, who initiated the work of kingship in the beginning, and after how many generations, two were revered by many ministers, five thousand two hundred and ninety-four, the Buddha himself and ninety-five appeared. Another saying is that the Sutra Pitaka says that one hundred thousand, fifty thousand, one thousand one hundred and forty-eight generations have passed. The Vinaya Pitaka says that one million, six million and one thousand generations have passed. The Abhidhamma Pitaka says that seven million five hundred and five thousand five hundred and twenty-seven generations have passed. These need to be examined. All three pitakas agree that the Shakya clan's lineage was cut off due to ordination. The four appointed kings are: in the interval between the two types of kings, lineage and sudden, four kings were appointed to the four directions. The Eastern Chinese Academic King, appointed with a butter dish, shows good and bad. The Southern Indian Dharma King, appointed with an nectar vase, eliminates ignorance. The Western Tajik Wealth King, appointed with a wish-fulfilling jewel, eliminates poverty. The Northern Gesar War Kings, appointed with a huge arrow, conquer enemy forces. Thus it is said. The third
Chinese
总而言之，就这位突然出现的吐蕃国王来说，吐蕃最早的国王是聂赤赞普。有些人说，他是拘萨罗国国王光明王的五节王子。有些人说，他是色坚宁布的小儿子，名叫托琼的五节王子。有些人说，在吐蕃被十二个魔和夜叉的小王国统治的时候，他是拘萨罗国国王查杰的儿子。但实际上，他是释迦日扎巴的后裔。释迦日扎巴的后裔住在圣地印度，圣地的国王名叫穆秋塔亚。他的儿子名叫图姆波饶囊。他的儿子夏巴有两个儿子，名叫嘉森和达嘉巴。由于他们两人在王位上不和，嘉森的五个儿子无法战胜达嘉巴。经过占卜，得知你的一个神圣王妃将会生下一个儿子，他要么会统治王国，要么会毁灭王国。之后，神圣的王妃生下了一个儿子，他像天鹅一样被膜覆盖，有绿松石般的眉毛，手像鸟王一样有蹼相连，牙齿像海螺一样呈螺旋状。当这件事禀告给父王时，他说这似乎是一个不祥之兆，应该杀死他。大臣们不忍用刀剑杀死他，便将他放入一个封闭的铜箱中，钉上钉子，扔进了恒河。因为他是广严城的国王，所有的鸟兽都与他嬉戏，所有的猛兽都给他送食物，所有的树木都向他低头。之后，王子说：“我似乎很有福报，我的祖先是谁呢？”当他们讲述了达嘉巴国王认为他是不祥之兆并将他扔进水里的事情，以及我们发现了他的时候，王子很不高兴，逃到了雪山。他来到了拉日姜玛姜托山顶。从那里望去，在雪域的国度里，有雅砻四区。在拉雅香波德炯通康，有雅砻四区。当他看到拉雅拉香波德炯时，便来到了那里，到达了拉日波托山顶。之后，他从天梯下来，来到了雅砻泽当四门。
English
In short, concerning this suddenly appearing Tibetan king, the earliest king of Tibet was Nyatri Tsenpo. Some say that he was the five-jointed prince, the son of King Salgyal of Kosala. Some say that he was the five-jointed prince, the son of Tokchhung, the youngest son of Tsukchen Nyingpo. Some say that when Tibet was ruled by twelve small kingdoms of demons and yakshas, he was the son of King Charché of Kosala. But in reality, he was a descendant of Shakya Ridrakpa. The lineage of Shakya Ridrakpa resided in the holy land of India, and the king of the holy land was called Mukhyutaya. His son was named Tumpo Rabnang. Sharpa, his son, had two sons, Kyapsing and Dakgyapa. Because the two of them were not in harmony regarding the kingship, the five sons of Kyapsing could not defeat Dakgyapa. After divination, it was learned that one of your sacred consorts would give birth to a son, who would either rule the kingdom or destroy it. After that, the sacred consort gave birth to a son who was covered by a membrane like a swan, had turquoise eyebrows, hands connected by webs like the king of birds, and teeth spiraled like conch shells. When this was reported to the father king, he said that this seemed to be an ominous sign and should be killed. The ministers could not bear to kill him with swords, so they put him in a closed copper box, nailed it shut, and threw it into the Ganges River. Because he was the king of Vaishali, all the birds and animals played with him, all the predators brought him food, and all the trees bowed their heads to him. After that, the prince said, "I seem to be very fortunate, who are my ancestors?" When they told the story of how King Dakgyapa considered him an ominous sign and threw him into the water, and how we found him, the prince was unhappy and fled to the snowy mountains. He arrived at the top of Lhari Gyangma Gyangto. From there, he looked out over the land of the snowy mountains, and there were the four regions of Yarlung. In Lhaya Shampo Dejung Thongkhams, there were the four regions of Yarlung. When he saw Lhaya Lhashampo Dejung, he went there and arrived at the top of Lhari Potho. After that, he descended from the Mu ladder and arrived at Yarlung Tsetang's four gates. གམ་ལྷའི་སྲས་དང། ཐོག་ལྷ་བོན་པོ་དང། སེ་སེན་པོ་དང། ཞང་ཞུང་བོན་པོ་དང། ཤེས་པ་མཁན་བཅུ་གཉིས་ཕྱུག