English
Na, ucchārati dhūmaḥ (Sanskrit Devanagari: ucchārati dhūmaḥ, Sanskrit Romanization: ucchārati dhūmaḥ, Literal Chinese meaning: smoke rises upwards). It means to go upwards. It comes from sam (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: sam, Sanskrit Romanization: sam, Literal Chinese meaning: together) plus the third person form. With sam (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: sam, Sanskrit Romanization: sam, Literal Chinese meaning: together) preceding carati (Sanskrit Devanagari: carati, Sanskrit Romanization: carati, to walk) plus the third person form, ta etc. change, such as rathena saṃcarate (Sanskrit Devanagari: rathena saṃcarate, Sanskrit Romanization: rathena saṃcarate, travels together by chariot). What is "from sam (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: sam, Sanskrit Romanization: sam, Literal Chinese meaning: together) plus"? Such as rathena carati (Sanskrit Devanagari: rathena carati, Sanskrit Romanization: rathena carati, travels by chariot). What is "plus the third person form"? Such as ubhau lobhau saṃcarasi (Sanskrit Devanagari: ubhau lobhau saṃcarasi, Sanskrit Romanization: ubhau lobhau saṃcarasi, both travel together greedily). imañca muñca deva la (Sanskrit Devanagari: imañca muñca deva la, Sanskrit Romanization: imañca muñca deva la, release this god) plus the third person form, refers to something that actually exists here, not to understanding, this is a special proof. Not from a ritual, but from dāṇa (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: dāṇa, Sanskrit Romanization: dāṇa, giving), that is, if it is for the meaning of the fourth case. With sam (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: sam, Sanskrit Romanization: sam, Literal Chinese meaning: together) preceding yacchati (Sanskrit Devanagari: yacchati, Sanskrit Romanization: yacchati, to give) plus the third person form, ta etc. change, that is, if the third person does not refer to the usual behavior, but to understanding, it becomes the meaning of the fourth case. dāsya mālāṃ saṃprayacchati (Sanskrit Devanagari: dāsya mālāṃ saṃprayacchati, Sanskrit Romanization: dāsya mālāṃ saṃprayacchati, he gives the garland to the female servant). It means to give the garland to the female servant. From this word itself, the combination of dāṇa (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: dāṇa, Sanskrit Romanization: dāṇa, giving) does not have a special term, therefore the meaning of the fourth case is the third person. upayama (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: upayama, Sanskrit Romanization: upayama, approaching) is for one's own action. ta etc. change, such as kanyām upayacchati (Sanskrit Devanagari: kanyām upayacchati, Sanskrit Romanization: kanyām upayacchati, he marries this girl), meaning to make it one's own through means. What is "to make it one's own"? Such as śāṭakām anupayacchati (Sanskrit Devanagari: śāṭakām anupayacchati, Sanskrit Romanization: śāṭakām anupayacchati, he gives this garment). Because of tang (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: tang, Sanskrit Romanization: tang, that), from am (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: am, Sanskrit Romanization: am, that) plus kṛñ (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: kṛñ, Sanskrit Romanization: kṛñ, to do) comes. Because of tang (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: tang, Sanskrit Romanization: tang, that), from which stem, and which parol am (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: parol am, Sanskrit Romanization: parol am, another am), and from karoti (Sanskrit Devanagari: karoti, Sanskrit Romanization: karoti, to do), ta etc. change, such as īśā cakre (Sanskrit Devanagari: īśā cakre, Sanskrit Romanization: īśā cakre, Isha did), vibharāñca kre (Sanskrit Devanagari: vibharāñca kre, Sanskrit Romanization: vibharāñca kre, Vibhara did). What is "because of tang (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: tang, Sanskrit Romanization: tang, that)"? Such as vibharāñca krāra (Sanskrit Devanagari: vibharāñca krāra, Sanskrit Romanization: vibharāñca krāra, Vibhara did), ubjaṃ ca kāra (Sanskrit Devanagari: ubjaṃ ca kāra, Sanskrit Romanization: ubjaṃ ca kāra, Ubja did). From san (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: san, Sanskrit Romanization: san, to want) comes. Because of tang (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: tang, Sanskrit Romanization: tang, that), from the end of the following san (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: san, Sanskrit Romanization: san, to want), ta etc. change, such as āste (Sanskrit Devanagari: āste, Sanskrit Romanization: āste, he sits), āsisisate (Sanskrit Devanagari: āsisisate, Sanskrit Romanization: āsisisate, he wants to sit), bhukte bubhukṣate (Sanskrit Devanagari: bhukte bubhukṣate, Sanskrit Romanization: bhukte bubhukṣate, he eats, he wants to eat). pālanama (Sanskrit Devanagari: pālanama, Sanskrit Romanization: pālanama, protection) does not have the reason of tang (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: tang, Sanskrit Romanization: tang, that), tang (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: tang, Sanskrit Romanization: tang, that) does not change, such as bubhukṣati pṛthvīṃ rāja (Sanskrit Devanagari: bubhukṣati pṛthvīṃ rāja, Sanskrit Romanization: bubhukṣati pṛthvīṃ rāja, the king wants to rule the earth). How to recite for one's own meaning? How to recite for one's own meaning? How to recite the combination from the end of san (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: san, Sanskrit Romanization: san, to want) for one's own meaning, ta etc. change, such as titikṣate (Sanskrit Devanagari: titikṣate, Sanskrit Romanization: titikṣate, he endures), jagupsate (Sanskrit Devanagari: jagupsate, Sanskrit Romanization: jagupsate, he abhors), mīmāṃsate (Sanskrit Devanagari: mīmāṃsate, Sanskrit Romanization: mīmāṃsate, he thinks), didāṃsati (Sanskrit Devanagari: didāṃsati, Sanskrit Romanization: didāṃsati, he wants to give), didāṃsati (Sanskrit Devanagari: didāṃsati, Sanskrit Romanization: didāṃsati, he wants to give), smṛ (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: smṛ, Sanskrit Romanization: smṛ, memory), dṛśa (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: dṛśa, Sanskrit Romanization: dṛśa, to see) etc. From the end of san (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: san, Sanskrit Romanization: san, to want), ta etc. change, such as susmṛṣatre (Sanskrit Devanagari: susmṛṣatre, Sanskrit Romanization: susmṛṣatre, he strongly wants to remember), didikṣate (Sanskrit Devanagari: didikṣate, Sanskrit Romanization: didikṣate, he wants to see). From jñā (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: jñā, Sanskrit Romanization: jñā, to know) without anu (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: anu, Sanskrit Romanization: anu, to follow) comes. From the end of san (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: san, Sanskrit Romanization: san, to want) without anu (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: anu, Sanskrit Romanization: anu, to follow), from jānāti (Sanskrit Devanagari: jānāti, Sanskrit Romanization: jānāti, to know) comes, ta etc. change, such as dharmaṃ jijñāyati (Sanskrit Devanagari: dharmaṃ jijñāyati, Sanskrit Romanization: dharmaṃ jijñāyati, he wants to understand the Dharma). What is "without anu (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: anu, Sanskrit Romanization: anu, to follow)"? Such as putraṃ anujajñāsati (Sanskrit Devanagari: putraṃ anujajñāsati, Sanskrit Romanization: putraṃ anujajñāsati, he wants to understand the son). From śru (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: śru, Sanskrit Romanization: śru, to hear) without prati (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: prati, Sanskrit Romanization: prati, against) and āṃ (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: āṃ, Sanskrit Romanization: āṃ, approaching) comes. Without prati (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: prati, Sanskrit Romanization: prati, against) and āṃ (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: āṃ, Sanskrit Romanization: āṃ, approaching) preceding, from the end of san (Tibetan, Sanskrit Devanagari: san, Sanskrit Romanization: san, to want) of śṛṇoti (Sanskrit Devanagari: śṛṇoti, Sanskrit Romanization: śṛṇoti, to hear), ta etc. change.