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DTG176 0001.Commentary on the Compendium on Valid Cognition Śākya's Intellect·Commentary on the Compendium on Valid Cognition Śākya's Intellect.g2.0f

Chinese

又,此处说“于此”。所谓“于此”,是指一种听闻。为了连接“没有进入任何事物的能力”这句话。为什么不能进入呢?回答说,因为完全依赖于意欲。因为有些依赖于意欲的事物是有进入的能力的。为了证实依赖于意欲,所以说了“如果”等等。例如,即使是他人所遍计的同一个总相,也没有事物凭借自身的力量进入一种听闻。然而,如果凭借说话者的意欲,那么在没有它的情况下,这唯一的听闻如何进入一个事物呢?它根本不会进入,这是所思考的。当想要进入一个事物时,为了表明在不是凭借因的事物力量的情况下,从众多事物中甚至没有去除任何东西,所以说了“意欲”等等。想要进入一个事物,就变成了被认为是因。例如,对于一种听闻来说。如果因为没有必要等等,那么对于一个事物以外的众多事物,安立一个声音就像没有结果一样。上面显示了什么呢?说了“它的没有必要性”等等,因为它的没有必要性,不同的事物,如不同的杂色等等,都可以从一个牛的声音中理解。对于马等等,那些需要证明牛的特征,如耕地和挤奶等等的结果,都会因为没有必要的不同而变得没有必要。为什么不表达事物自身的体性呢?回答说,因为即使在自身的体性中也没有同一性。因为即使在成为总相的事物中也没有同一性。总相本身与逆转、不逆转和不相符无关。通过对众多事物的听闻,它才是同一的。如果总相变得不同,那么即使那样,也只是安住在各自的体性中而不混合。因此,说了“它本身就像自性一样”等等。任何事物的特征存在的地方,其他事物的自性之间没有体性的混合。不同的事物如何成为声音的自性呢?

English

Furthermore, it is said "in this." The so-called "in this" refers to a single hearing. In order to connect the phrase "without the ability to enter anything." Why is it unable to enter? The answer is, because it is entirely dependent on intention. Because some things that depend on intention have the ability to enter. In order to prove dependence on intention, "if" and so on are said. For example, even with a single universal that is completely conceived by others, no thing enters a single hearing by its own power. However, if it is by the power of the speaker's intention, then without it, how could this single hearing enter a single thing? It simply will not enter, this is what is being considered. When one wants to enter a single thing, in order to show that even without removing anything from the many things when it is not by the power of the cause's thing, "intention" and so on are said. Wanting to enter a single thing becomes regarded as the cause. For example, for a single hearing. If because there is no need, etc., then establishing a single sound for many things other than one thing is like having no result. What was shown above? "Its lack of necessity" and so on are said, because with its lack of necessity, different things, such as different variegated colors, etc., can be understood from a single sound of a cow. For horses, etc., those results that need to prove the characteristics of a cow, such as plowing and milking, etc., will become unnecessary due to the unnecessary difference. Why not express the very nature of the thing itself? The answer is, because even in its own nature there is no sameness. Because even in the thing that has become a universal there is no sameness. The universal itself is unrelated to reversal, non-reversal, and non-conformity. Through hearing of many things, it is the same. If the universal becomes different, then even so, it only abides in its respective nature without mixing. Therefore, "it itself is like self-nature" and so on are said. Wherever the characteristic of anything exists, there is no mixing of natures between the self-natures of other things. How can different things become the self-nature of sound?

Chinese

因为具有同一原因的事物会变成具有共同原因的事物,所以才会认为只有不变的事物。其他事物不会变得与其他事物相同,正如经中所说:“因为一切事物都以自性,安住于各自的自性之中。”这里已经阐述过了。为了表明对于主张排除其他事物的人来说,没有过失,所以提到了“无彼之必要者”等等。通过假设从无彼之必要者中返回的事物,对于不同的事物也没有矛盾。因此,从无彼之必要者中分离出来的,正是那些具有不同意义的必要者,因为返回的事物没有差别,所以会导致声音没有差别。因为成为一般事物的物体无论如何都是不合理的,所以帕朗的这种区别是具有彼之必要者。凡是表明具有耕作和挤奶的必要者,都是为了表明与不具有必要者的马等事物是不同的。那些事物在其他方面也不是彼之结果,因为在其他方面它们与其他事物是不同的。即使仅仅是从其他事物中返回的同类事物,如形状和味道等,与其他事物没有区别,但凭借其必要的部分,即持有水等事物的特殊结果的部分,它与其他事物不同,即与那些没有能力产生该结果的事物不同。经中这样阐述道:正如形状等具有持有水等相同能力的事物,可以用“瓶子”这个词来表达一样,其他事物也可以用“瓶子”这个词来表达,因为一切事物都有相同的结果。因此,凡是从不具有彼之结果的事物中分离出来的所有差别,都与那些事物没有差别。所谓“从不差别的事物中”,意思就是“从没有差别的事物中”。用“瓶子”这个词来表达的事物与一个事物没有区别,一般来说,可以理解为所有的形状等。只有形状等,没有与此无关的其他物质。如果说瓶子的形状等如何能够返回呢?对此,提到了“对此”等等。对于瓶子的形状等,凡是返回的事物,其意义就是瓶子的自性。

English

Because things with the same cause become things with a common cause, it is thought that only unchanging things exist. Other things do not become the same as other things, as it is said in the scripture: "Because all things, by their own nature, abide in their own essence." This has already been explained. In order to show that there is no fault for those who assert the exclusion of others, "without its necessity" etc. are mentioned. By assuming that things that return from those without its necessity, there is no contradiction even for different things. Therefore, what is different from those without its necessity is precisely those with the necessity of different meanings, because there is no difference in the things that return, it will lead to no difference in sound. Because it is unreasonable for an object that has become a general thing in any way, this distinction of Palang is one that has its necessity. Whatever shows the necessity of plowing and milking is to show that it is different from things like horses that do not have necessity. Those things are not its result in other respects, because in other respects they are different from other things. Even if only things of the same kind that return from other things, such as shape and taste, are no different from other things, by virtue of its necessary part, that is, the part of the special result of holding water etc., it is different from other things, that is, from those that do not have the ability to produce that result. It is explained in this way: Just as things like shape that have the same ability to hold water etc. can be expressed by the word "vase", other things can also be expressed by the word "vase", because all things have the same result. Therefore, whatever difference is separated from those that do not have its result is no different from those things. The so-called "from the non-differentiated thing" means "from the non-differentiated thing." What is expressed by the word "vase" is no different from one thing, and in general, all shapes etc. can be understood. There are only shapes etc., and there is no other substance that is unrelated to this. If one asks how the shape of a vase etc. can return, then "to this" etc. is mentioned. For the shape of a vase etc., whatever is the thing that returns, its meaning is the nature of the vase.

Tibetan

ཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་ལ་ཡིན་གྱི་སྣམ་བུ་ལ་སོགས་པའི་རང་བཞིན་དག་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འདི་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ཉིད་འཆད་པ་ནི་ཆུ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པ་སྟེ། ཆུ་འཛིན་པའི་ཁྱད་པར་བུམ་པ་ལས་གཞན་གྱིས་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་པའོ། །སྩོགས་པའི་སྒྲས་ནི་བུམ་པའི་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བའི་འབྲས་བུ་གཞན་དག་ཀྱང་ཡོངས་སུ་གཟུང་ངོ༌། །འདིར་དོན་ནི་འདི་ཡིན་ཏེ། གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པའི་སྒྲ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་ བའི་འབྲས་བུ་ཙམ་གྱིས་ནུས་པ་དང་ལྡན་པའི་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཁྱད་པར་མེད་པར་བསྟན་ཅིང༌། བུམ་པའི་སྒྲས་ཀྱང་ཁྱད་པར་དུ་བྱས་པའི་འབྲས་བུ་དང་ལྡན་པས། སྣམ་བུ་ལ་སོགས་པའི་རང་བཞིན་དག་ལས་ཐ་དད་པས་ཁྱད་པར་དུ་བྱས་པའི་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་བསྟན་ཏོ། །དེ་བས་ན་བུམ་པའི་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ལ་སྒྲ་གཉིས་ཀྱི་བྱ་བས་སྤྱི་དང་ཁྱད་པར་གྱི་རྣམ་པའི་བློ་སྐྱེ་བའི་སྤྱི་དང་ཁྱད་པར་གྱི་དངོས་པོ་ལ་ཐ་དད་པའི་རྟེན་ཅན་གྱི་དྲུག་པ་སྦྱོར་བ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ཉིད་ནི་སྤྱི་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པས་བསྟན་ཏེ། སྤྱིའི་འབྲས་བུ་ནི་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཙམ་དུ་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱའོ། །དེ་བསྒྲུབ་པ་ནི་བསྒྲུབ་པའོ། །དེ་དག་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ངོ་བོས་རབ་ཏུ་གྲགས་པའོ། །དེ་ལྟ་བུར་གྱུར་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་དམ། གཏན་ཚིགས་ཀྱི་གསུམ་པ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ངོ་བོར་དེ་ལྟ་བུར་གྱུར་པས་སམ་གཏན་ཚིགས་ཀྱིས་སོ། །གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པའི་སྒྲ་རྣམས་བྱེད་པར་འགྱུར་བ་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་རབ་ཏུ་གྲགས་པ་ཡོད་ན་ཁྱད་པར་དུ་བྱས་པའི་འབྲས་བུ་བུམ་པ་ཁོ་ནའི་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བ་ཆུ་འཛིན་པ་ལ་སོགས་པ་ནི་འདིས་སྒྲུབ་པར་བྱེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །གང་ལ་མིང་དེ་ལྟ་བུར་གྱུར་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཡོད་པ་དེ་ལ་དེ་སྐད་ཅེས་བྱ་སྟེ། དེས་ཁྱད་པར་བྱས་པའོ། །དེ་ནི་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་སྟེ། དེ་སྐད་ཅེས་བརྗོད་དོ། །འདི་ལ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པའི་ཚོགས་སམ། བུམ་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བའི་ཐ་སྙད་ལའོ། །ཇི་སྐད་དུ་བཤད་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཅན་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་ལས་བཟློག་པའི་རྫས་སོ། །དེ་འདྲ་བ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་ལས་བཟློག་པའོ། །དེ་ནི་ཡན་ལག་ཅན་ནོ། །ཕ་རོལ་པོ་དག་གིས་ཡན་ལག་ཅན་དམིགས་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཀྱིར་གྱུར་པར་ཡང་འདོད་དེ། རྫས་ནི་མཐོང་བ་དང་རེག་པ་དང་ལྡན་པ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་སྨྲ་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དམིགས་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཀྱིར་གྱུར་པ་དེ་བས་ན་ཁས་བླངས་པ་གཟུགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་ལྡོག་པ་མི་དམིགས་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་

Chinese

这是说,是对于色等等,而不是对于布等等的自性。解释它就是水等等,能够持水的特点不是由瓶子以外的其他事物来成就的。等等的声音也完全包括了瓶子的其他成就之果。这里的意义是,所有色等等的声音都显示了仅仅以成就色等等之果就能具有能力的色等等,没有差别。瓶子的声音也因为具有特殊的果,所以显示了与布等等的自性不同的,具有特殊性的色等等。因此,在“瓶子的色等等”中,两个声音的作用是结合具有共同和特殊形态的智慧产生的共同和特殊的物体上,具有不同所依的第六格。它就是由“共同”等等来显示的,共同的果仅仅是成就色等等。成就它就是成就。它们自身以自性而著称。具有这种特征,或者说是第三种理由,即以自性具有这种特征,或者说是以理由。如果色等等的声音能够被造作者们所熟知,那么瓶子这个特殊成就之果,即持水等等,就是由此成就的。凡是具有这种名称的,就称之为那个,即它所区分的。那个,就是色等等,被称为那个。这个,就是色等等的集合,或者说是瓶子这个名称。如前所述的具有特征的,就是与色等等相违背的物质。像那样的,就是与色等等相违背的。那就是有支分的。其他论者也认为有支分是能被观察的特征,因为他们说物质是具有可见和可触的。因为能被观察的特征,所以承诺了色等等的相违不被观察,这就是说

English

This means that it is for form, etc., but not for the nature of cloth, etc. Explaining it is water, etc., the characteristic of holding water is not accomplished by anything other than a vase. The sound of "etc." also completely includes other fruits of the vase's accomplishment. The meaning here is that all sounds of form, etc., show that form, etc., which has the ability to accomplish only the fruit of form, etc., without distinction. The sound of the vase also shows the form, etc., which is distinguished by being different from the nature of cloth, etc., because it has a special fruit. Therefore, in "the form, etc., of the vase," the function of the two sounds is to combine the sixth case, which has different bases, on the common and special objects that arise from the wisdom of common and special forms. It is shown by "common," etc., that the common fruit is only to accomplish form, etc. Accomplishing it is accomplishment. They themselves are known by their nature. Having such a characteristic, or the third reason, is either having such a characteristic by nature, or by reason. If the sounds of form, etc., are known by the creators, then the special fruit of accomplishment, the vase alone, which is holding water, etc., is accomplished by this. Whatever has such a name is called that, which is what it distinguishes. That is form, etc., and is called that. This is the collection of form, etc., or the name of the vase. The one with the characteristics as described above is the substance that contradicts form, etc. Like that is what contradicts form, etc. That is the one with limbs. Other debaters also think that having limbs is a characteristic that can be observed, because they say that substance has visibility and touch. Because of the characteristic of being observable, it is promised that the contradiction of form, etc., is not observed, which means