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DTG174 0014.《A Commentary on the Compendium on Valid Cognition, Glorious Dharmakīrti.》A Commentary on the Compendium on Valid Cognition, Glorious Dharmakīrti..A Commentary on the Compendium on Valid Cognition, Glorious Dharmakīrti..g2.0f

Chinese

由结果所生的。 以无有本身作为成立的依据, 为了成立自性不存在,不应说彼不见为量,而是原因不见才是唯一的量。 如果无因,结果产生是不可能的。 有些人会说,即使原因消失,结果仍然存在,难道不是吗?但我们不会说原因存在时,结果也存在。 事物以那种状态存在,并非是它的原因,而是通过传承来帮助延续。因此,结果显现,但事物无因而生是不存在的。 如果通过某些方式成立了不存在,那么就可以确定其结果也不存在。 对于具有事物自性的征相,不见自性也不是量。 对于具有自性本身的征相,某些不见自性也是唯一的量。 如果不见遍及者,那么就可以成立此物的自性,例如,不见树木中的娑罗双树本身。 如果通过某些理证,认识到它不存在。 如果通过任何能使人理解的原因或遍及者的自性,成立了不存在,那么不存在本身就会使自己的结果或所遍及者消失。如果未成立不存在,那么对于消失也会产生怀疑。 如何从不见事物的自性而成立不存在呢? 不见之因,不可能存在。 显现的事物不见,就能认识到事物不存在。 如果成为事物,那么以执持者的行为,必定会成为可见的。 如果没有阻碍见到的障碍等等,就一定会见到,如果不见,那么就必定确定为不存在,因为这样一来,对于见到就不会有错乱。 这个理证也应该理解为适用于原因和遍及者不存在的情况。 即使存在相违的事物,因为会损害它的存在。 见到与它相违的事物,就能确定它不存在。 任何事物 不能与任何事物同时存在,因为它们的近取因是相互矛盾的所依。

English

Born from the result. Using non-existence itself as the basis for establishment, In order to establish the non-existence of self-nature, one should not say that not seeing it is a valid measure, but rather the non-seeing of the cause is the only valid measure. If there is no cause, it is impossible for a result to arise. Some may say, even if the cause disappears, the result still exists, doesn't it? But we would not say that when the cause exists, the result also exists. A thing existing in that state is not its cause, but rather it helps to continue the lineage through transmission. Therefore, the result appears, but it is not possible for a thing to arise without a cause. If non-existence is established through some means, then it can be determined that its result also does not exist. For a sign that has the self-nature of a thing, not seeing the self-nature is also not a valid measure. For a sign that has the self-nature itself, some non-seeing of the self-nature is the only valid measure. If the pervasive is not seen, then the self-nature of this thing can be established, for example, not seeing the sal tree itself in the trees. If through some reasoning, it is recognized that it does not exist. If through any reason that enables one to understand the nature of the cause or the pervasive, non-existence is established, then the non-existence itself will cause its own result or the pervaded to disappear. If non-existence is not established, then there will also be doubt about the disappearance. How is non-existence established from not seeing the self-nature of things? The cause of not seeing, cannot exist. The non-seeing of the appearing thing allows one to recognize that the thing does not exist. If it becomes a thing, then with the action of the holder, it will definitely become visible. If there are no obstacles to seeing, such as obstructions, then it will definitely be seen, and if it is not seen, then it will definitely be determined as non-existent, because in this way, there will be no confusion about seeing. This reasoning should also be understood as applicable to the case where the cause and the pervasive do not exist. Even if contradictory things exist, because they harm its existence. Seeing something that contradicts it allows one to determine that it does not exist. Any thing cannot exist simultaneously with any thing, because their proximate causes are mutually contradictory supports.

Chinese

因为是相违的缘故。如先前所说的那样,那些相违的事物,只要存在一个,就能了知其他的不存在。这并非是从不可见中设立差别,而是因为能从它本身了知相违,并且也能从相违中成立不存在。像这样从不可见的形态中了知不存在是殊胜的。那么,这又如何成为比量呢?无论如何也不会成为比量,因为不需要依赖例子。因为这其中丝毫没有例子。为什么说虚空中的花朵等不可言说之物不是例子呢?如何理解它的不存在,又通过什么来理解呢?如果说是仅仅通过不可见来理解,那么,对于它来说,又如何成立无例子的不存在呢?如果是有例子的,那么就会陷入无穷的过失,那样也无法理解。因此,就像成立不可言说一样,因为对于其他事物也不需要依赖例子,所以不是比量。即使听闻,诸天欢喜也无法消除必须确定的内容。不存在的词语和名称的理由,即所见的不可见,因为自身非常接近,所以能成立自身的理由,因此,自身理由的集合,即所有相近的适合者,在这里都是例子。不存在本身,对于此来说,也仅仅是不可见。正因为如此,因为这是从原因推知结果的比量之相,所以将会解释为包含在自性因之中。为了遮止存在的词语和名称,以颠倒的量,具有不完整理由的苗芽等是例子,而不仅仅是不可言说。对于不可言说,也同样是遮止这种进入,即成立具有不可见之相的不存在。在承认理由和它的不存在之后,对于进入和返回,以道理来遣除愚昧,就像已经承认的那样,或者像其他事物一样显示不可言说。如果暂时假设不可见本身是如何成立的呢?这将在后面解释。

English

Because of the contradiction. As stated before, those contradictory things, as long as one exists, it can be understood that the other does not exist. This is not to establish differences from the invisible, but because it can understand the contradiction from itself, and it can also establish non-existence from the contradiction. In this way, understanding non-existence from the form of invisibility is superior. Then, how does this become inference? In any case, it will not become inference, because it does not need to rely on examples. Because there is no example in this. Why is it said that unspeakable things such as flowers in the sky are not examples? How to understand its non-existence, and through what to understand it? If it is said that it is understood only through invisibility, then, for it, how can the non-existence of no example be established? If there are examples, then it will fall into infinite faults, and it will not be understood in that way. Therefore, just like establishing the unspeakable, because there is no need to rely on examples for other things, it is not inference. Even if heard, the joy of the gods cannot eliminate the content that must be determined. The reason for the words and names of non-existence, that is, the invisibility of what is seen, because it is very close to itself, it can establish its own reasons, therefore, the collection of its own reasons, that is, all nearby suitable ones, are examples here. Non-existence itself, for this, is only invisibility. Because of this, because this is the aspect of inference from cause to effect, it will be explained as being included in the nature cause. In order to prevent the words and names of existence, the sprouts, etc. with incomplete reasons, are examples by inverted measure, and not only the unspeakable. For the unspeakable, it is also the prevention of this entry, that is, the establishment of the non-existence with the aspect of invisibility. After acknowledging the reason and its non-existence, for entering and returning, using reason to dispel ignorance, just like what has been acknowledged, or showing the unspeakable like other things. If we temporarily assume how the invisible itself is established? This will be explained later.

Tibetan

་འགྱུར་རོ། །རྗེས་སུ་དཔག་པ་གཞན་ལ་ཡང་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བའི་ཆོས་ཀྱིས་ཁྱབ་པར་འདོད་ན་ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་དཔེས་རྟོགས་པར་བྱ་བ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཁྱབ་པར་བྱ་བ་བསྟན་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་ཁྱབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་གྲུབ་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་དོན་ངེས་ཟིན་ཀྱང་དཔེ་ནི་དྲན་པའི་དོན་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། དེ་ནི་ཅིག་ཤོས་ལ་ཡང་མཚུངས་སོ། །དེ་ནི་གཞན་ལ་མི་དམིགས་པ་ཙམ་ལས་མེད་པའི་ཐ་སྙད་རྟོགས་སུ་ཟིན་ཀྱང་འདི་ལ་རྨོངས་བའི་ཕྱིར་དྲན་པར་བྱ་བ་ཡིན་ནོ། །ཅི་སྟེ་གང་འདི་ལ་གཙོ་བོ་ལ་སོགས་པ་ནི་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། མི་དམིགས་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ལ་ཇི་ལྟར་མེད་པའི་ཐ་སྙད་གྲུབ་པའམ་ཡོད་པའི་ཐ་སྙད་འགོག་པར་ཇི་ལྟར་འགྱུར། དེའི་དོན་འགོག་པ་ན་བརྗོད་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཆོས་ཅན་གྱི་ཚིགས་མི་སྦྱོར་བའི་ཕྱིར་དང༌། ཡུལ་མེད་པ་ཅན་གྱི་དགག་པ་མི་རུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཉེས་པ་དེ་ནི་མེད་དེ་འདི་ལྟར། ཐོག་མེད་བག་ཆགས་ལས་བྱུང་བའི། །རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པས་ཡོངས་བསྒྲུབས་པ། །ཡོད་མེད་གཉི་ག་ལ་བརྟེན་པ། །སྒྲ་དོན་ཆོས་ནི་རྣམ་པ་གསུམ། །དེར་དངོས་ཉེར་ལེན་མེད་པ་ཅན། །བསྒྲུབ་པ་དེ་མི་དམིགས་པ་ནི། །དེ་ལྟར་གཏན་ཚིགས་དེ་ཉིད་ཀྱི། །མེད་པ་མ་ཡིན་སྒྲ་སྦྱོར་ཕྱིར། །ཇི་ལྟར་སྒྲ་དེ་དག་རང་གི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཡུལ་ཅན་མ་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ལྟར་བསྟན་ཏོ། །ཐོག་མ་མེད་པའི་དུས་ཅན་གྱི་བག་ཆགས་ལས་བྱུང་བ་ཅན་གྱི་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་ལ་སོ་སོར་སྣང་བའི་ངང་ཅན་གྱི་དོན་ཡུལ་ཉིད་དུ་བདག་གིར་བྱེད་དོ། །རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་དེ་ལ་བརྟེན་པའི་འཆད་པ་པོ་དང་ཉན་པ་པོ་ནི་དངོས་པོ་ཇི་ལྟར་སྣང་བ་བཞིན་དུ་སྟོན་པར་འདོད་པས་སྦྱོར་བའི་ཕྱིར་དང༌། དེའི་རྣམ་པ་ཅན་གྱི་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་བསྐྱེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཉེ་བར་ལེན་པ་དང་འབྲས་བུའི་ཤེས་པ་ ལ་སྣང་བའི་ངོ་བོ་མ་ཡིན་པ་ནི་དེའི་ཡུལ་ཅན་ཉིད་དུ་ངེས་པར་ནུས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་དེ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་དང་མེད་པ་དང་གཉི་གའི་ཤེས་པ་དག་གིས་བསྒོས་པའི་བག་ཆགས་ལས་བྱུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་དང༌། དེར་སྣང་བའི་རྣམ་པར་ངེས་པའི་དབང་གིས་ཡོད་པ་དང་མེད་པ་དང་གཉི་གའི་ཆོས་ཞེས་བརྗོད་དོ། །དེ་བས་ན་ཆོས་ཅན་འདི་ལ་བརྟེན་ནས་ཅི་གཙོ་བོའི་སྒྲ་ལས་སྣང་བའི་དོན་འདི་ནི་དངོས་པོ་ཉེ་བར་ལེན་པ་ཅན་ནམ་མ་ཡིན་ཞེས་ཡོད་པ་དང་མེད་པ་ཉིད་སྤྱོད་པར་བྱེད་དོ། །དེ་ནི་དངོས་པོའི་ཉེ་བར་ལེན་པ་ཅན་མེད་པ་ཉིད་དུ་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བ་ལ་དེ་ཉིད་དུ་སོ་སོར་རང་གི་རིག་པ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར། སྤང་བར་འོས་པ་མ་ཡིན་པའི་དོན་ནི་ཆོ

Chinese

འགྱུར་རོ། །如果想用应成立的法遍及其他的比量,为什么需要用譬喻来理解呢?因为仅仅指示应遍及的事物,就能成立遍及的作用。如果说虽然意义已经确定,但譬喻是为了忆念,那么这对于另一方面也是一样的。因为仅仅是了知了没有不观待他者的名言,但由于对此迷惑,所以需要忆念。如果说在此处,主要等等是不存在的,因为不可见。那么,如何成立不存在的名言,或者如何遮止存在的名言呢?遮止它的意义时,因为不连接陈述者有法之支分,并且不能成立无境之遮止。这种过失是没有的,因为如下:从无始习气中产生的,由分别念完全证成的,依赖于有无二者的,声音、意义、法是三种形态。其中没有实际的近取。成立那不可见,像那样,因为是那个理证本身的声音结合,所以不是没有。如何显示那些声音不是自体相的对境呢?从无始时期的习气中产生的分别念,将各自显现的自性之义执为对境。依赖于那个分别念的讲者和听者,因为想要如实地显示事物,所以进行结合,并且产生那种形态的分别念。不是显现近取和果识的体性,就不能确定它是它的对境。那个分别念也是由有、无、二者的认识所熏染的习气中产生的,并且由于在那里显现的形态确定的缘故,称作有、无、二者的法。因此,依靠这个有法,什么是从主要的声音中显现的意义,是实际的近取还是不是,这样来运用有和无。那不是实际的近取,因为要成立它本身是各自的自证。不应舍弃的意义是法。

English

It will be transformed. If you want to pervade other inferences with the dharma to be proven, why should you understand through examples? Because merely indicating what should be pervaded establishes the function of pervading. If you say that although the meaning is already determined, the example is for remembrance, then this is the same for the other side as well. Because merely understanding the term that does not depend on others, but because of confusion about this, it needs to be remembered. If you say that here, the main thing and so on do not exist, because they are invisible. Then, how is the term of non-existence established, or how is the term of existence prevented? When preventing its meaning, because the speaker does not connect the parts of the subject, and the negation of the objectless cannot be established. That fault does not exist, because it is like this: arising from beginningless habits, completely proven by discrimination, relying on both existence and non-existence, sound, meaning, and dharma are three forms. There, there is no actual close-taking. Establishing that invisibility, like that, because it is the sound combination of that very reason, it is not non-existence. How is it shown that those sounds are not the objects of their own characteristics? The discrimination arising from the habits of beginningless time grasps the meaning of each appearing nature as the object itself. The speaker and listener who rely on that discrimination combine because they want to show things as they appear, and generate that form of discrimination. It is not the nature of appearing to the close-taking and the fruit consciousness, it cannot be determined that it is its object. That discrimination is also produced from the habits imbued by the knowledge of existence, non-existence, and both, and because of the certainty of the form appearing there, it is called the dharma of existence, non-existence, and both. Therefore, relying on this subject, what is the meaning appearing from the main sound, whether it is an actual close-taking or not, thus using existence and non-existence. That is not an actual close-taking, because it is to be established that it itself is the self-awareness of each. The meaning that should not be abandoned is the dharma.