Chinese
因为油灯是与显现一同产生的因。 “认为是显现之因”是总结,如此,因为油灯是与瓶子显现一同产生的因,所以油灯在世俗中也被认为是瓶子之物的自身之因,从因中持续产生的能动因,因此才认为是显现之因。但不能说瓶子的刹那在黑暗的境况中,先前已灭,之后不能使其显现,所以不能说是显现之因,因为油灯没有使瓶子的前一刹那灭亡显现。这是所要表达的。正如胜义中遮破生一样,遮破显现也是相同的,这是要表达的意思:事物是我使其显现吗?是其他使其显现吗?是二者使其显现吗?还是无因而显现呢? 胜义中,正如遮破生一样,遮破显现也是相同的。如同胜义中,内之生处确定不是从我而生,因为存在,例如存在之识。胜义中,内之生处不是从彼等之其他缘而生,因为是他者,例如瓶子。或者,胜义中,想要说他者的眼等,成立内之生处者,确定不是缘,因为是他者,例如种姓等。胜义中,内之生处不是从我和他二者而生,因为以在两个方面所说的立宗会陷入互相矛盾,并且没有显示从二者而生的比量,这是所要表达的。胜义中,内之生处不是从无因而生,因为没有显示它的比量,并且有比量成为名声之损害的过失,这也是所要表达的。 如同所显示的那样,此处也是,胜义中,事物确定不是我使其显现,因为是显现,例如其他的显现。胜义中,事物不是由彼等之其他缘使其显现,因为是他者,例如瓶子。
English
Because the butter lamp is the cause that arises together with appearance. "Thinking it is what makes clear" is the conclusion. Thus, because the butter lamp is the cause that arises together with the appearance of the vase, the butter lamp is also considered in conventional truth to be what makes clear by way of being the active cause that continuously arises from the cause of the vase's own entity. But it should not be said that the moment of the vase, in a state of darkness, does not make visible what was previously extinguished, so it is not called what makes clear, because the butter lamp did not make visible the previous moment of the vase that had ceased. This is what is being shown. In ultimate truth, just as the negation of arising is, the negation of making clear is also the same, which means this is being shown: Do I make things clear? Do others make them clear? Do both make them clear? Or do they become clear from no cause? In ultimate truth, just as the negation of arising is, the negation of making clear is also the same. Just as in ultimate truth, it is certain that the internal sense bases do not arise from myself, because they exist, like the existence of consciousness itself. In ultimate truth, the internal sense bases do not arise from other conditions of those things, because they are other, like a vase. Or, in ultimate truth, those who want to assert others, such as the eye, which establish the internal sense bases, are certainly not conditions, because they are other, like lineage and so on. In ultimate truth, the internal sense bases do not arise from both myself and others, because the proofs shown in both directions will fall into contradiction, and also because there is no inference showing that they arise from both, this is what is meant. In ultimate truth, the internal sense bases do not arise from no cause, because there is no inference showing that, and also because there is the fault that the inference becomes a harm to fame, this is also what is meant. As has been shown, here too, in ultimate truth, it is certain that things are not made clear by me, because they are clear, like other clarity. In ultimate truth, things are not made clear by other conditions of those things, because they are other, like a vase.
Chinese
是的。或者,实际上,那些想要表达他者的,诸如瓶子等使事物显现的,确定不是因缘,因为是他者的缘故。例如,就像原因的兄弟等一样。实际上,事物不会被两者显现,因为以两种方式显示的论证会陷入矛盾之中。并且,因为没有显示两者的显现的推论。实际上,事物不会因无因而显现,因为没有显示它的推论,并且因为存在推论和名声相违背的过失。此外,黑暗也会变得显现,这样连接。对方会说,不显现的会变得显现,这是不可避免的。因此,说了不显现的不会变得显现。为什么呢?因为伟大等是不显现的。说了伟大等,即伟大、我慢、元素、感官、仅仅如此的集合等是不显现的缘故。例如,就像虚空中的花朵一样,这显示了它的例子。因此,像这样显现也不是好的,这是总结。之前数论者说,未生的是真实的,但它会显现。并且,断定证明事物存在的显现是不好的,因为像这样如所说的方式,显现不是证明事物存在的缘故。对此,其他人解释说,事物也不会从无因中产生,因为会导致在所有时间从所有事物中产生所有事物等过失。这是解释证明事物不会从无因中产生的场合。论师佛护(Buddhapālita)这样解释,这是所显示的。其中,对此是指证明事物不会从无因中产生的场合。其他的“是”这个词,是指有很多解释这部论典的,例如,论师
English
Yes. Or, in reality, those that want to express others, such as vases, which make things manifest, are definitely not causes, because they are other. For example, like the brothers of a cause, and so on. In reality, things are not made manifest by both, because arguments shown in two ways will fall into contradiction. And, because there is no inference that shows the manifestation of both. In reality, things are not made manifest by being without cause, because there is no inference that shows it, and also because there is the fault of contradicting inference and fame. Furthermore, darkness will also become manifest, connect it in this way. The opponents will say that what is not manifest will become manifest, which is inevitable. Therefore, it is said that what is not manifest does not become manifest. Why? Because the great and so on are not manifest. It is said that the great and so on, that is, the great, pride, elements, senses, the collection of just that, are not manifest. For example, like a flower in the sky, this shows its example. Therefore, to be manifest in this way is also not good, this is the conclusion. Previously, the Samkhyas said that the unborn is true, but it will manifest. And, the assertion that manifestation, which proves the existence of things, is not good, because in this way, as said, manifestation is not the reason for proving the existence of things. To this, others explain that things also do not arise from no cause, because it would lead to the fault of all things arising from all things at all times, and so on. This is the explanation of the occasion of proving that things do not arise from no cause. The teacher Buddhapālita explains it in this way, this is what is shown. Among them, "to this" refers to this occasion of proving that things do not arise from no cause. The word "other" means that there are many explanations of this treatise, for example, the teacher
Tibetan
གྱི་ཞལ་སྔ་ནས་དང༌། གནས་བརྟན་བུདྡྷ་པཱ་ལི་ཏ་དང༌། ཙནྡྲ་ཀཱི་རྟི་དང༌། དེ་བ་ཤར་མ་དང༌། གུ་ཎ་ཤྲཱི་དང༌། གུ་ཎ་མ་ཏི་དང༌། སྠི་ར་མ་ཏི་དང༌། སློབ་དཔོན་ལེགས་ལྡན་བྱེད་ཉིད་ལ་ཐུག་པའི་བར་དག་ཡོད་པ་ལས་དེ་དག་ཕལ་ལས་གཞན་པ་སྟེ། གནས་བརྟན་བུདྡྷ་པཱ་ལི་ཏ་དང་སྦྱར་རོ། །གནས་བརྟན་བུདྡྷ་པཱ་ལི་ཏ་ནི་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ལས་ཀྱང་སྐྱེ་བ་མེད་དོ། དུས་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་ཐམས་ཅད་ལས་ཐམས་ཅད་སྐྱེ་བར་ཐལ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པར་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ་ཞེས་རྣམ་པར་བཤད་པ་བྱེད་དོ། །དེ་ལ་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་ཕྱི་དང་ནང་གི་སྐྱེ་མཆེད་རྣམས་སོ། །རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ལས་ཀྱང་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་དང་རྒྱུ་མི་མཐུན་པ་ལས་ཀྱང་ངོ༌། །སྐྱེ་བ་མེད་དོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་དོན་དམ་པའོ། །ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ལས་ཀྱང་སྐྱེ་བ་མེད་ཅེ་ན། གལ་ཏེ་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ལས་སྐྱེ་བར་གྱུར་ན་དུས་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་སྐྱེ་བར་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར་ཏེ། གལ་ཏེ་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ལས་སྐྱེ་བར་གྱུར་ན་དུས་ཚིགས་དང་དུས་མེད་པར་ཡང་དུས་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་སྐྱེ་བ་ཁོ་ནར་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་རོ། །གཞན་ཡང་ཐམས་ཅད་ལས་སྐྱེ་བར་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར་ཏེ། གལ་ཏེ་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ལས་ཀྱང་སྐྱེ་བར་འགྱུར་ན། རྒྱུ་རིགས་མི་མཐུན་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་ལས་ཀྱང་སྐྱེ་བ་ཁོ་ནར་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་རོ།། གཞན་ཡང་ཐམས་ཅད་སྐྱེ་བར་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར་ཏེ། གལ་ཏེ་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ལས་ཀྱང་སྐྱེ་བར་འགྱུར་ན། འབྲས་བུ་རིགས་མི་མཐུན་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱང་སྐྱེ་བ་ཁོ་ནར་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་རོ། །སོགས་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བས་ནི་རྩོམ་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་དོན་མེད་པའི་ཉེས་པར་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེས་ རྣམ་པར་བཤད་པ་དག་བསྡུའོ། །དེ་ལྟར་དུས་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་སྐྱེ་བ་དང༌། ཐམས་ཅད་ལས་སྐྱེ་བ་དང༌། ཐམས་ཅད་སྐྱེ་བ་དང༌། རྩོམ་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་དོན་མེད་པའི་ཉེས་པར་འགྱུར་བ་དེ་ལྟ་བུ་ཡང་མེད་པས་དེའི་ཕྱིར་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ལས་ཀྱང་སྐྱེ་བ་མེད་དོ་ཞེས་འགོག་པར་བྱེད་དོ་ཞེས་རྣམ་པར་བཤད་པ་བྱེད་དོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི། གནས་བརྟན་བུདྡྷ་པཱ་ལི་ཏ་ནི་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ལས་སྐྱེ་བ་མེད་པར་སྒྲུབ་པའི་གནས་སྐབས་འདིར་དེ་སྐད་ཅེས་རྣམ་པར་བཤད་པ་བྱེད་དོ། །དེ་ལ་ཡང་གླགས་ཡོད་པའི་ཚིག་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར། གལ་ཏེ་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བ་དང༌། སྒྲུབ་པ་བཟློག་པའི་ཚིག་གི་དོན་མངོན་པར་འདོད་ན་དེས་འདི་སྐད་བསྟན་པར་འགྱུར་ཏེ། དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་རྒྱུ་ལས་སྐྱེ་བར
Chinese
从……的座前,以及,圣者佛护(Buddhapālita),月称(Candrakīrti),天自在(Devaśarman),功德吉祥(Guṇaśrī),功德慧(Guṇamati),坚慧(Sthiramati),直到导师善护(Lega-ldan-byed)为止的这些,那些大多数之外的,与圣者佛护(Buddhapālita)相联。圣者佛护(Buddhapālita)说,事物并非从无因而生。因为如果那样,就会导致在所有时间从所有事物中产生所有事物等。其中,事物指的是外部和内部的生处。从无因也,指的是从无因和不相符之因也。无生,指的是胜义谛。为什么事物并非从无因而生呢?如果从无因而生,就会导致在所有时间都产生。如果事物从无因而生,那么无论有时间还是无时间,都会导致在所有时间都产生。此外,还会导致从所有事物中产生。如果事物从无因而生,那么也会导致从所有不相符的因中产生。此外,还会导致所有事物都产生。如果事物从无因而生,那么也会导致所有不相符的果都产生。等等,指的是总结了所有努力都变得毫无意义的过失的解释。因此,由于不存在在所有时间都产生,从所有事物中产生,所有事物都产生,以及所有努力都变得毫无意义的过失,因此事物并非从无因而生,这是遮止。圣者佛护(Buddhapālita)在证明事物并非从无因而生的这个场合,这样解释说。因为这也是有漏洞的言辞。如果想要显现所要证明的和反驳证明的言辞的意义,那么它会这样显示:事物是从因产生的。
English
From the presence of ..., as well as, the venerable Buddhapālita, Candrakīrti, Devaśarman, Guṇaśrī, Guṇamati, Sthiramati, up to the teacher Lega-ldan-byed, these, other than those most, are associated with the venerable Buddhapālita. The venerable Buddhapālita says that things do not arise even from no cause. Because if that were the case, it would lead to all things arising from all things at all times, and so on. Among these, things refer to the external and internal sources of arising. Even from no cause means even from no cause and incompatible causes. No arising means ultimate truth. Why do things not arise even from no cause? If they arose from no cause, it would lead to arising at all times. If things arose from no cause, then whether there is time or no time, it would only lead to arising at all times. Furthermore, it would lead to arising from all things. If things arose even from no cause, then it would also lead to arising from all incompatible causes. Furthermore, it would lead to all things arising. If things arose even from no cause, then it would also lead to all incompatible results arising. And so on, refers to summarizing the explanations of all efforts becoming meaningless faults. Therefore, since there is no such thing as arising at all times, arising from all things, all things arising, and all efforts becoming meaningless faults, therefore things do not arise even from no cause, this is a negation. The venerable Buddhapālita explains in this context of proving that things do not arise from no cause. Because this is also a flawed statement. If one wants to reveal the meaning of the statement to be proven and the statement refuting the proof, then it will show this: things arise from cause.