English
English version Question: 'Is it to be given to others?' Answer: 'If the rim of the bowl is chipped, or if there is a hole, it should be given to others, and then one can receive (a new bowl) to replace it. If one repairs (the bowl) first and then gives it to others, that is also acceptable.' Chapter 12: On Matters Concerning the Bowl Question: 'How is a bowl lost?' Answer: 'If the rim is chipped, if there is a hole, if it is cracked, or if oil is not removed, it is considered lost. A chipped rim or a hole cannot be used again. A cracked bowl can be mended and given to others, and then one can receive (a new bowl). The same applies if oil is not removed. If it is discarded outside the boundary and left overnight, it is not considered lost.' Question: 'Can a bowl be placed upside down on the wall?' Answer: 'If it is wrapped in a cloth and placed in a clean place, or if it is hung on the wall in a bag, that is acceptable. It should not be placed upside down on the wall. The Lucchaka bhikkhus (六群比丘) placed their bowls upside down on the wall, and they fell and broke. The Buddha (佛陀) therefore established a rule that from now on, bowls should not be placed upside down on the wall. Placing a bowl upside down on the wall is an offense of Patayantika (堕罪), and if it falls and breaks, it is an offense of Nissaggiya Pacittiya (舍堕罪).' Question: 'Is it permissible not to use a bowl for eating in the morning? What is the fault if one does not use a bowl?' 'All food should be eaten with a bowl. If one does not use a bowl at all for a day, it is an offense of Patayantika (堕罪).' Question: 'When a bhikkhu (比丘) is about to finish eating, is it permissible to tilt the bowl to scrape up the remaining rice?' Answer: 'It is permissible.' Question: 'After finishing eating rice, if one wants to eat other fruits, can the hand leave the bowl?' Answer: 'Yes, it can. If the rice is not finished, it can also be temporarily left.' Question: 'When a bhikkhu (比丘) eats from a bowl, must he hold it, or can it be placed on the ground?' Answer: 'He must hold it. If there is a necessary reason, placing it on the ground is not an offense.' Question: 'If a bhikkhu (比丘) uses a container to hold rice and then places it in the bowl, is it permissible to eat from the bowl?' Answer: 'No, it is an offense of Patayantika (堕罪).' Question: 'Can a bowl be lent to others?' Answer: 'Yes, except for one's own eating.' Question: 'Can a bowl be used for cooking?' Answer: 'If one does not relinquish (the bowl), it is an offense of Nissaggiya Pacittiya (舍堕罪).' Chapter 13: On Miscellaneous Matters Question: 'If a bhikkhu (比丘) is robbed of his belongings, and they have not yet left the (village) boundary, and the owner sees his belongings but does not know who stole them, is it permissible to take them back?' Answer: 'It is permissible to take them back.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
九十事中宝相似者。当先作念，若有人认者，不得取。无认者，白众得取。若无众，作界内物取，不以为己物故取。” 问：“众僧打揵椎食，而限外人不与食，犯何事？”答：“便是失利，得突吉罗。” 问：“先比丘教化作百人斋，长一人至十人，应受。不教化比丘，有犯不？”答：“若打揵椎食，应受教化者，无犯。所以者何？打揵椎请僧，僧多何过！夫打揵椎法，要作意请四方僧，僧来若多若少，一切分财饮食无咎。” 问：“比丘教化白衣供养众僧，若有外人来乞索，得与一升五升不？”答：“不得。若知非法，故私与满五钱，犯弃。若白众，众听，得。” 问：“主人供养僧，长请一日百钱。用五十自供，残者得余用不？”答：“打揵椎得。若无衣钵，不打揵椎。众和合，得减用。若自损施客僧最善。” 问：“主人请比丘十日供，十日食残，用作五三日好食，犯何事？”答：“不犯。但不得更索，索犯堕。若不满十日去，亦犯舍堕。” 问：“主人请比丘供十日食，自裁作一月食，得不？”答：“打揵椎得。若不打揵椎，僧有出去者，若不施后人食，后人食己分尽，食他分一饱犯弃，不饱犯堕。” 问：“父母兄弟破坏，得乞物赎不？”答：“得。但不得 现代汉语译本 关于九十事中与宝物相似的情况：应当首先这样想，如果有人认领，就不能拿取。如果没有人认领，告知大众后可以拿取。如果没有大众，就当作界内的东西拿取，但不要认为是自己的东西才拿取。 问：大众僧人敲揵椎（ghanta，召集僧众的法器）吃饭，但限制外面的人不给吃，犯了什么戒？答：这就是失利罪，得突吉罗（dukkhata，轻罪）。 问：先前的比丘教化信徒做百人斋，增加一人到十人，应该接受。如果不教化比丘，有没有犯戒？答：如果敲揵椎吃饭，应该接受教化的人，没有犯戒。为什么呢？敲揵椎请僧人，僧人来得多有什么过错！敲揵椎的规矩，就是要作意请四方僧人，僧人来得多或少，一切分财饮食都没有罪过。 问：比丘教化在家居士供养众僧，如果有外人来乞讨，可以给一升或五升吗？答：不可以。如果明知是非法，故意私自给满五钱，犯舍堕（nissaggiya pacittiya，一种戒律）。如果告知大众，大众同意，就可以给。 问：施主供养僧人，长期每天给一百钱。用五十钱自己用，剩下的可以继续用吗？答：敲揵椎就可以用。如果没有衣钵，不敲揵椎。大众和合，可以减少用度。如果自己减少用度来施舍给客僧最好。 问：施主请比丘十天供养，十天的食物吃剩了，用来做五三天的好食物，犯了什么戒？答：不犯戒。但不得再索取，索取就犯堕（pacittiya，一种戒律）。如果不到十天就离开，也犯舍堕。 问：施主请比丘供十天的食物，自己裁减做成一个月的食物，可以吗？答：敲揵椎就可以。如果不敲揵椎，僧人有离开的，如果不施舍给后来的人吃，后来的人吃完自己的那份，又吃了他人的那份，吃饱了犯舍堕，没吃饱犯堕。 问：父母兄弟家业破败，可以乞讨财物来赎回吗？答：可以。但不得...
English
English version Regarding the case of the ninety matters similar to treasures: One should first think, if someone recognizes it, it should not be taken. If no one recognizes it, it can be taken after informing the Sangha (community of monks). If there is no Sangha, it should be taken as something within the boundary, but it should not be taken with the thought that it is one's own. Question: When the Sangha eats after the ghanta (bell used to summon monks) is struck, but outsiders are restricted from eating, what offense is committed? Answer: That is a loss of benefit, and it incurs a dukkata (minor offense). Question: If a former Bhikkhu (monk) teaches and makes a hundred-person offering, increasing from one person to ten people, should it be accepted? If the Bhikkhu does not teach, is there an offense? Answer: If the ghanta is struck for the meal, those who should be taught are not committing an offense. Why? Striking the ghanta to invite monks, what fault is there if many monks come! The rule for striking the ghanta is to intentionally invite monks from all directions, whether many or few monks come, there is no fault in dividing the wealth and food. Question: If a Bhikkhu teaches a layperson to make offerings to the Sangha, and if an outsider comes to beg, can one give one or five sheng (a unit of measurement)? Answer: No. If one knows it is unlawful, and deliberately gives five qian (a unit of currency) privately, one commits a nissaggiya pacittiya (an offense requiring forfeiture). If one informs the Sangha and the Sangha agrees, it is permissible. Question: If a donor makes offerings to the Sangha, providing one hundred qian per day for a long time, and uses fifty qian for oneself, can the remainder be used? Answer: If the ghanta is struck, it is permissible. If there are no robes and bowls, the ghanta should not be struck. If the Sangha is in harmony, the expenditure can be reduced. It is best to reduce one's own expenses to give to visiting monks. Question: If a donor invites Bhikkhus for ten days of offerings, and there is leftover food from the ten days, what offense is committed if it is used to make good food for five or three days? Answer: No offense is committed. But one must not ask for more, asking for more incurs a pacittiya (an offense). If one leaves before ten days, one also commits a nissaggiya pacittiya. Question: If a donor invites Bhikkhus for ten days of food offerings, and one reduces it to make food for a month, is it permissible? Answer: If the ghanta is struck, it is permissible. If the ghanta is not struck, and monks leave, if the food is not given to those who come later, and those who come later eat up their own portion and then eat another's portion, eating one's fill incurs a nissaggiya pacittiya, and not eating one's fill incurs a pacittiya. Question: If one's parents and siblings are ruined, can one beg for things to redeem them? Answer: Yes. But one must not... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
自称己须乞，称为父母兄弟，得。若用讫，长者不得自入，还属所赎人。若自用，其所亲不慊者犯舍堕，若慊不偿犯弃。” 问：“得酤酒家乞食乞财不？无事得空语不？”答：“酤酒门一切不得入，若入者犯堕。若更有余门得入。若请比丘会，当问：‘能受一日戒不？’答言：‘能。’与受戒，得往。若不能受戒，但能一日不酤酒，得往。屠家亦尔。” 问：“劝人饮酒犯何事？”答：“强劝不饮突吉罗，若饮犯堕。” 问：“比丘寄白衣物，此人过期不还与，余比丘得取不？”答：“不得取。若活是有主物，若死是僧物。” 问：“比丘夜得把火行不？”答：“冬得。夏灯烛亦得，若把火犯堕。” 问：“本物直一匹，因行至他方卖得五三匹，可取不？”答：“不得，犯舍堕。” 问：“一切戏取物及与，犯何事？”答：“尽犯舍堕。若不与强夺，犯弃。” 问：“比丘尝食，得食不？”答：“不得。知而食，犯堕。前尝食人亦犯堕。若不即忏，其罪日增。昔有一执事比丘，恒知处。当僧家饮食，常手柱器言：‘取是用是。’日日常尔而不忏，命终后堕饿鬼中。有一无著，于夜上厕，闻呻唤声。问：‘汝是谁？’答：‘我是饿鬼。’问：‘本作何行堕饿鬼中？’答： 现代汉语译本 问：如果有人自称需要赎身，称呼被赎者为父母兄弟，可以接受吗？答：可以。如果赎金已经用完，长者（指赎身者）不得亲自占有被赎者，仍然属于被赎人。如果长者自己占用了被赎者，其亲属不满意，则犯舍堕罪（Nissaggiya Pacittiya，需要舍弃财物并忏悔的罪过）；如果亲属满意，不偿还赎金，则犯弃罪（Pacittiya，轻罪）。 问：可以去卖酒的人家乞讨食物或财物吗？没事的时候可以随便说话吗？答：卖酒的人家绝对不能进入，如果进入就犯堕罪（Pacittiya）。如果还有其他的门可以进入，则可以。如果有人邀请比丘参加聚会，应当问：‘能接受一日戒吗？’如果回答说：‘能。’那么给予受戒，就可以前往。如果不能受戒，但能保证一天不卖酒，也可以前往。屠户家也是一样。 问：劝人饮酒犯什么罪？答：强行劝人饮酒，如果对方不喝，犯突吉罗罪（Dukkata，轻罪）；如果对方喝了，犯堕罪（Pacittiya）。 问：比丘寄放物品在俗家弟子处，这个人过期不归还，其他的比丘可以拿走吗？答：不可以拿走。如果这个人还活着，那么这个物品是有主人的；如果这个人死了，那么这个物品属于僧团。 问：比丘晚上可以拿着火把行走吗？答：冬天可以。夏天点灯或者蜡烛也可以，如果拿着火把就犯堕罪（Pacittiya）。 问：原本价值一匹布的物品，因为到其他地方贩卖，卖得了五三匹布，可以拿走吗？答：不可以，犯舍堕罪（Nissaggiya Pacittiya）。 问：一切通过开玩笑的方式取得或给予的物品，犯什么罪？答：都犯舍堕罪（Nissaggiya Pacittiya）。如果不给，强行抢夺，犯弃罪（Pacittiya）。 问：比丘曾经吃过的食物，还可以再吃吗？答：不可以。明知故犯，就犯堕罪（Pacittiya）。之前吃过食物的人也犯堕罪（Pacittiya）。如果不立即忏悔，罪过会日益增加。过去有一个负责僧团事务的比丘，总是知道哪里有僧团的饮食。他经常用手扶着食器说：‘拿这个，用这个。’每天都这样而不忏悔，死后堕入了饿鬼道。有一个无著（Arhat，阿罗汉），在晚上上厕所的时候，听到了呻吟的声音。问：‘你是谁？’回答说：‘我是饿鬼。’问：‘你生前做了什么事情堕入饿鬼道？’答：