Chinese
人； 此成烧煮过， 余皆得恶作。 与女人同道行学处 若无男子伴， 共女涉道行； 得波逸底迦， 里数如常说。 行到一一村， 即便招堕罪； 若其村未至， 恶作罪应知。 若于险路处， 女人为引道， 或作防援者， 此皆无有过。 与贼同道行学处 与贼同行去， 即得于堕愆； 若开无犯者， 如前已宣说。 商人偷税道， 此尚名为贼； 何况破村坊， 打道白劫者。 与减年者受近圆学处 若年减二十， 未合与近圆； 由于饥渴等， 不能堪忍故。 若实年不满， 后为此想说； 此不名圆具， 苾刍皆得罪。 若彼有疑心， 不满不满想； 告言年满者， 受时便有过。 于满作满想， 告言我年足； 或可迷而说， 此皆无有犯。 近圆非一事， 随说有多门； 护戒者存心， 理应详审问。 坏生地学处 于地作故心， 自掘教人掘； 损湿招本罪， 皮坏得轻愆。 说有二种地， 生及与不生： 若经水雨沾， 三月名生地； 若其无雨沾， 事须经六月； 此据曾耕坏， 余地不论时。 生者招本罪， 余者得轻愆； 现代汉语译本 人： 此（此处指挖掘土地的行为）造成烧煮过的东西损坏，其余情况都属于‘恶作’（dukkhata，轻罪）。 与女人同道行学处 如果没有男子陪伴，与女人一同在道路上行走； 会犯波逸提迦（payantika，一种罪名），里数的计算如常所说。 每到一个村庄，就会招致堕罪（patana，较重的罪）； 如果还没有到达村庄，则应知是恶作罪。 如果在危险的道路上，女人作为引导者， 或者作为保护者，这些情况都没有过失。 与贼同道行学处 与盗贼一同行走，就会犯下堕罪； 如果开许没有犯戒的情况，如前文已经宣说。 商人偷税漏税的行为，也算作是盗贼； 更何况是破坏村庄，拦路抢劫的人。 与年龄不足者授近圆戒学处 如果年龄不满二十岁，不适合授予近圆戒（upasampada，比丘戒）； 因为他们由于饥渴等原因，不能够忍受。 如果实际上年龄不足，之后才说出实情； 这不称为圆具（upasampanna，正式的比丘），比丘们都会因此获罪。 如果他们心存疑虑，怀疑年龄不足； （但）告知（僧团）说年龄已满，受戒时便有过失。 对于已满（二十岁）作已满想，告知（僧团）说我的年龄已足； 或者可能是迷惑而说错，这些情况都没有犯戒。 近圆戒并非只有一种情况，随着所说而有很多种方式； 守护戒律的人要存心谨慎，理应详细审问。 坏生地学处 故意在（未成熟的）土地上，自己挖掘或教人挖掘； 损害了潮湿的土地会招致根本罪（patimokkha，戒律中的重罪），破坏了表皮会得到轻微的罪过。 （佛）说有两种土地，生的和不生的： 如果经过雨水浸润，三个月内称为生地； 如果没有雨水浸润，则需要经过六个月； 这是根据曾经耕种过的土地而言，其余的土地不考虑时间。 破坏生（地）会招致根本罪，破坏其余的土地会得到轻微的罪过；
English
English version Person: This (referring to the act of digging the earth) causes damage to something that has been cooked, the rest are all considered 'dukkhata' (a minor offense). Training Rule on Walking on the Road with a Woman If there is no male companion, walking on the road together with a woman; One commits a payantika (a type of offense), the calculation of the distance is as usually said. Every time one reaches a village, one incurs a patana (a heavier offense); If one has not yet reached the village, then it should be known as a dukkata offense. If in a dangerous road, a woman is the guide, Or as a protector, these situations are without fault. Training Rule on Walking on the Road with a Thief Walking together with a thief, one commits a patana offense; If there are exceptions where there is no offense, as previously stated. The act of merchants evading taxes is also considered a thief; Not to mention those who destroy villages and rob on the road. Training Rule on Conferring Full Ordination on One Underage If the age is less than twenty, it is not suitable to confer upasampada (full ordination, Bhikkhu precepts); Because they cannot endure due to hunger, thirst, etc. If the actual age is insufficient, and it is said later; This is not called upasampanna (a fully ordained Bhikkhu), the Bhikkhus will all be at fault because of this. If they have doubts, suspecting that the age is insufficient; (But) informing (the Sangha) that the age is full, there is fault when receiving the ordination. Regarding thinking that one is full (twenty years old) when one is full, informing (the Sangha) that my age is sufficient; Or perhaps mistakenly saying so, these situations are without offense. Full ordination is not just one situation, there are many ways depending on what is said; Those who guard the precepts should be mindful and carefully inquire. Training Rule on Damaging Living Ground Intentionally on (immature) ground, digging oneself or instructing others to dig; Damaging the moist ground will incur a fundamental offense (patimokkha, a major offense in the precepts), damaging the surface will incur a minor offense. (The Buddha) said there are two types of ground, living and non-living: If it has been soaked by rain, it is called living ground within three months; If it has not been soaked by rain, then it needs to be six months; This is according to the ground that has been cultivated, the rest of the ground does not consider the time. Damaging living (ground) will incur a fundamental offense, damaging the rest of the ground will incur a minor offense;
Chinese
砂石土及泥， 轻重皆须识。 若于地钉橛， 便得根本罪； 拔橛及摇泥， 此皆招恶作。 隤墙及崩岸， 得波逸底迦； 若损破裂者， 此皆成越法。 若作游行心， 崩崖动泥等； 记数损地罪， 不损者无过。 为众修园圃， 净语令掘地； 无虫者许为， 有命皆不合。 过四月索食学处 若有四月请， 苾刍应可受； 除极请更请， 常请及别请。 所言我常请， 谓恒时请食； 于中别请者， 应知施别人。 极请谓殷勤， 更请数数食； 除如是请食， 余食咸招罪。 请与上妙食， 苾刍索粗者； 索时得小罪， 食便无有过。 请与粗鄙食， 更乞上妙者； 索时得小愆， 食时便罪大。 与乳便索肉， 施酪反求酥； 乞小食本愆， 不遮于病者。 或信或富人， 施主有广意； 令彼福增长， 久受亦无过。 遮传教学处 汝于此学处， 告言令遣学； 对诸苾刍前， 鄙贱云愚小。 斯将堕罪剑， 自斩愚痴身； 堕在恶道中， 受苦常烧煮。 愚谓漫思度， 痴谓不了经； 不分明不善， 不解于经律。 作愚痴等言， 口说一一语 现代汉语译本 砂石土和泥土，轻重都要分辨清楚。 如果在地里钉木桩，就会犯根本罪； 拔掉木桩或摇动泥土，这些都会招致恶作罪。 推倒墙壁或崩坏堤岸，会犯波逸提迦（Pāyantika）罪； 如果损坏或破坏东西，这些都会构成越法罪。 如果是有意为之，比如崩塌山崖、移动泥土等； 要记录损坏土地的次数来定罪，没有损坏的就没有罪过。 为了大众修建园圃，用清净的语言吩咐挖掘土地； 没有虫子的地方可以允许挖掘，有生命的地方都不可以。 过四个月索食学处 如果有四个月的邀请，比丘（bhikkhu）应该可以接受； 除了极请、更请、常请和别请。 所说的‘常请’，是指一直都有人请吃饭； 其中的‘别请’，应该理解为施舍给其他人。 ‘极请’是指非常殷勤的邀请，‘更请’是指多次邀请吃饭； 除了这些邀请之外的食物，其余的索取都会招致罪过。 如果邀请提供上等的食物，比丘（bhikkhu）却索要粗糙的食物； 索要的时候会犯小罪，吃了就没有罪过。 如果邀请提供粗鄙的食物，反而乞求上等的食物； 索要的时候会犯小过，吃了罪过就大了。 给了牛奶却索要肉，给了酸奶反而要求酥油； 乞求少量食物原本有罪过，但不禁止生病的人。 或者是有信仰的，或者是富裕的人，施主有宽广的心意； 让他们增长福报，长时间接受供养也没有罪过。 遮传教学处 你对于这个学处，告诉别人让他们放弃学习； 在各位比丘（bhikkhu）面前，用卑贱的语言说别人愚蠢弱小。 这将会堕入罪恶的利剑，自己斩断愚痴的身体； 堕落在恶道之中，受苦常被烧煮。 ‘愚’是指随便思考，‘痴’是指不了解经典； 不能清楚分辨善与不善，不理解经典和戒律。 说别人愚痴等等，每说一句话
English
English version Sand, stones, earth, and mud, their lightness and heaviness must all be discerned. If one drives a stake into the ground, one commits a fundamental offense; Pulling out the stake or shaking the mud, all these invite an offense of wrong-doing. Toppling a wall or collapsing a bank, one incurs a Pāyantika offense; If one damages or breaks something, all these constitute an offense against the law. If it is done intentionally, such as collapsing a cliff or moving mud; Record the number of times the land is damaged to determine the offense; if there is no damage, there is no fault. To build gardens for the community, use pure speech to instruct the digging of the land; Places without insects are permissible to dig, but places with living beings are not suitable. Training Rule on Soliciting Food After Four Months If there is an invitation for four months, a bhikkhu (monk) should accept it; Except for extreme invitations, repeated invitations, constant invitations, and separate invitations. What is meant by 'constant invitation' is a continuous invitation to eat; Among them, 'separate invitation' should be understood as giving to others. 'Extreme invitation' refers to a very diligent invitation, 'repeated invitation' refers to multiple invitations to eat; Apart from such invitations, soliciting other food incurs offenses. If invited to provide excellent food, but the bhikkhu (monk) asks for coarse food; Soliciting at that time incurs a minor offense, but eating it is without fault. If invited to provide coarse food, but instead begs for excellent food; Soliciting at that time incurs a minor transgression, but eating it incurs a major offense. Giving milk but asking for meat, giving yogurt but asking for ghee; Begging for a small amount of food is originally an offense, but it is not forbidden for the sick. Whether it is a faithful person or a wealthy person, the donor has a broad intention; Let them increase their blessings, and there is no fault in receiving offerings for a long time. Training Rule on Obstructing the Teaching Regarding this training rule, you tell others to abandon learning; In front of the bhikkhus (monks), you use base language to say that others are foolish and small. This will fall into the sword of offense, cutting off your own foolish body; Falling into the evil paths, suffering is constantly burned and cooked. 'Foolish' refers to thinking carelessly, 'ignorant' refers to not understanding the scriptures; Unable to clearly distinguish between good and bad, not understanding the scriptures and precepts. Saying that others are foolish, etc., every word spoken
Chinese
； 前人若闻解， 得波逸底迦。 问知三藏人， 求解者无犯； 智者言应用， 闇处作灯明。 如其彼妄陈， 此人应反诘； 纵使云愚等， 道实理无伤。 默听评论学处 更互不为忍， 瑕隙共相求； 默然行窃听， 住时便得罪。 他于屏房语， 不作声而听； 了义便招本， 闻声但小愆。 若于檐阁中， 或出或行道； 恶心听得罪， 善意者无愆。 不与欲默然起去学处 若论如法言， 或作单白等； 不语傍人道， 默然而舍去。 勿为别众法， 去可语余人； 由其不嘱授， 独入无边海。 不恭敬学处 于众及别人， 不为恭敬事； 慢众得本罪， 别人招恶作。 大众守寺人， 违言亦得罪； 别人众中老， 并及己尊师。 他有违逆言， 情不欲依顺； 宜应善开示， 此则许无愆。 饮酒学处 诸酒饮若醉， 茅端不滴口； 不饮不与人， 由斯放逸故。 苾刍口有病， 医遣含无犯； 假令命即死， 无容辄吞咽。 诸麹等杂物， 酝酿方得成； 众人共许者， 是名为大酒。 若以皮果花， 汁等用成就； 此名为杂酒 现代汉语译本： 如果前人听闻后错误地理解了，就会触犯波逸提迦（Payantika，一种戒律）。 如果提问者了解三藏（Tipitaka，佛教经典），那么解答者就不会有罪过； 智者所说的话应该善加应用，在黑暗的地方可以作为灯火照明。 如果有人虚妄地陈述，这个人应该反过来诘问他； 纵然对方说你愚笨等等，但真实的道理是不会受到损害的。 默听评论学处 彼此之间不能互相忍让，互相寻找对方的缺点和过失； 如果默不作声地进行窃听，在住处就会因此而获罪。 如果他人在隐蔽的房间里说话，你不发出声音去偷听； 如果听懂了其中的含义，就会触犯根本罪，如果只是听到了声音，只会犯较轻的罪过。 如果在屋檐下或阁楼中，或者是在外出或行走的时候； 如果以恶意的想法去听，就会获罪，如果以善意的想法去听，就不会有罪过。 不与欲默然离去学处 如果讨论的是如法的言论，或者是在进行单白羯磨（Ekaggacitta，一种僧团仪式）等； 不和旁边的人打招呼，就默不作声地离开。 不要为了进行别众羯磨（Bhedasangha，分裂僧团的行为），离开后可以告诉其他人； 因为没有得到嘱咐和允许，独自进入无边的大海（比喻危险的境地）。 不恭敬学处 对于大众或者其他人，不去做恭敬的事情； 怠慢大众会触犯根本罪，怠慢其他人会招致恶作（Dukkata，一种轻罪）。 对于大众、守护寺庙的人，违背他们的话也会获罪； 对于其他人、僧团中的长老，以及自己的师长。 如果他人有违背常理的言论，内心不想依从； 应该善意地开导和劝说，这样做才允许没有罪过。 饮酒学处 各种酒，如果喝醉了，即使茅草尖端沾上一点也不可以入口； 不自己饮用，也不给别人饮用，因为饮酒会导致放逸。 如果比丘（Bhiksu，佛教出家男众）的口中有疾病，医生允许含漱，则没有罪过； 即使面临死亡，也不允许随便吞咽。 各种酒曲等杂物，经过酿造才能制成； 众人普遍认可的，就叫做大酒。 如果用果皮、水果、花朵、汁液等制成； 这叫做杂酒。
English
English version: If a predecessor hears and misunderstands, they commit a Payantika (a type of precept). If the questioner understands the Tipitaka (the Buddhist scriptures), then the answerer is without fault; The words spoken by the wise should be well applied, and can serve as a lamp in dark places. If someone falsely states something, this person should be questioned in return; Even if the other party says you are foolish, etc., the true principle will not be harmed. Learning of Silently Listening to Comments If they cannot tolerate each other, and seek each other's flaws and faults; If they silently eavesdrop, they will be guilty in their dwelling. If others speak in a secluded room, and you listen without making a sound; If you understand the meaning, you commit a fundamental offense; if you only hear the sound, you only commit a minor offense. If in the eaves or attic, or when going out or walking; If you listen with malicious intent, you are guilty; if you listen with good intentions, you are without fault. Learning of Leaving Silently Without Consent If discussing lawful speech, or performing Ekaggacitta (a Sangha ritual) etc.; Without greeting the person next to you, leave silently. Do not perform Bhedasangha (an act of dividing the Sangha), you can tell others after leaving; Because you have not been instructed or permitted, you enter the boundless sea alone (a metaphor for a dangerous situation). Learning of Disrespect Towards the Sangha or others, do not do respectful things; Disrespecting the Sangha will commit a fundamental offense, disrespecting others will incur a Dukkata (a minor offense). For the Sangha, the person guarding the temple, disobeying their words is also a sin; For others, the elders in the Sangha, as well as one's own teachers. If others have words that go against reason, and you do not want to comply in your heart; You should kindly enlighten and persuade them, and in doing so, you are allowed to be without fault. Learning of Drinking Alcohol All kinds of alcohol, if drunk to the point of intoxication, even a drop on the tip of a reed should not enter the mouth; Do not drink yourself, nor give it to others, because drinking alcohol leads to negligence. If a Bhiksu (Buddhist monk) has a disease in his mouth, and the doctor allows gargling, then there is no sin; Even if facing death, it is not allowed to swallow casually. Various koji (fermented rice) and other miscellaneous things, can only be made through brewing; What is generally recognized by the public is called major alcohol. If made with fruit peels, fruits, flowers, juices, etc.; This is called mixed alcohol.