English
English version: 'It is not permissible to offer it upwards; these should be consumed directly without any doubt, and there is no offense in doing so. The same principle applies to milk curds, whey, and similar items.' Then the Buddha said, 'Do not harbor doubts.' At one time, some Bhikshus (monks) were traveling with merchants, and they had a Shramanera (novice monk) carry their provisions from behind. When the Shramanera stopped to rest, he asked the Bhikshus, 'Please hold this for me.' The Bhikshus hesitated and reported this to the Buddha, who said, 'You should hold it for him.' The Shramanera then said, 'Please put it down for me.' The Bhikshus were doubtful and did not put it down. The Buddha said, 'You should put it down for him.' Later, the Shramanera, carrying the provisions, became tired and asked the Bhikshus, 'Please carry this for a moment while I rest.' The Bhikshus refused. The Buddha said, 'You can tie it with a rope and have the Shramanera hold the rope while you carry it, allowing him to rest temporarily.' Later, the Bhikshus doubted, thinking, 'I will untie it myself,' and dared not eat the food. The Buddha said, 'Eating it is not an offense.' At one time, some Bhikshus were traveling with merchants when they were suddenly robbed by bandits. The Shramanera carrying the provisions abandoned them and fled. The Bhikshus also abandoned the provisions and left. Later, they told the Shramanera, 'You can go and retrieve the provisions now.' The Shramanera replied, 'Do you want the bandits to kill me? I cannot go; you can retrieve them yourselves.' The Bhikshus were doubtful and did not go to retrieve them. Lacking provisions, they were delayed on their journey. They reported this to the Buddha, who said, 'You should retrieve them yourselves.' After retrieving the provisions, they were doubtful and dared not eat them. The Bhikshus reported this to the Buddha, who said, 'You should eat them without offense.' At one time, a Bhikshu wanted a Shramanera to carry provisions across a river but was unsure how to proceed. The Buddha said, 'You should ask the Shramanera: 'Can you carry the provisions and cross the river yourself?' If he replies, 'I can only cross the river myself and do not have the strength to carry the provisions,' the Bhikshu should help carry the provisions across the river. If the Shramanera says, 'I do not have the strength to cross the river myself, let alone carry the provisions,' it is best if the Bhikshu can carry both the Shramanera and the provisions across the river. If not, first carry the provisions across, then carry the Shramanera.' At that time, --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
诸苾刍生疑不食，以缘白佛，佛言：“应食无犯。” 如世尊言：“苾刍于钵中食。”有一苾刍，洗钵时见有破处，恐有所犯，佛言：“应可用心再三净洗，设有破处此亦无犯。”复有苾刍，洗钵时于彼隙中见有饭粒，疑不用食，以缘白佛，佛言：“应以草莛擿去，将水三灌，随情受用。”复有苾刍用旧熏钵盛热汁时，遂便腻出浮上凝住，生疑不食。以缘白佛，佛言：“应去上腻，宜可食之。”复有苾刍，既洗钵已置于一处，至第三日而更洗用，遂即破坏，彼便生疑，钵烧未熟。以缘白佛，佛言：“洗而应食。”复有苾刍乞食归来置钵而出，更有苾刍，亦乞食来即便以钵置彼钵上。时苾刍见已生疑，以缘白佛，佛言：“若有授食人，受而方食；必若无人，掠去上食，食便非犯。” 复有苾刍乞食既还置钵而出，有俗人来遂便触着，应可问言：“尔于此食有希望耶？”若言：“我见有蝇、或见草叶拂令去者，应受而食。”若言：“有希望心为斯触者。”应可分与受而方食。时有苾刍，乞食来已安钵一处。复有求寂，乞食后至便持钵饭置苾刍钵中。苾刍生疑遂便断食，佛言：“钵着饭处应可多除，随意而食。”如世尊说：“凡诸苾刍若道行时应持粮者。”既无俗人又无求寂，佛言：“应劝施主。施主亦无，应 现代汉语译本：众比丘（Bhikkhus，佛教僧侣）因为心生疑惑而不肯进食，于是将缘由禀告佛陀，佛陀说：‘应该进食，没有罪过。’ 正如世尊所说：‘比丘应该用钵进食。’有一位比丘，在洗钵的时候发现钵有破损的地方，担心因此犯戒，佛陀说：‘应该用心再三清洗干净，即使有破损的地方，也没有罪过。’又有一位比丘，洗钵的时候在缝隙中发现有饭粒，怀疑因此不能进食，于是将缘由禀告佛陀，佛陀说：‘应该用草茎挑去饭粒，再用水冲洗三次，就可以随意享用了。’又有一位比丘用旧的熏钵盛热汤时，钵中的油腻浮到表面凝结，因此心生疑惑不敢进食，于是将缘由禀告佛陀，佛陀说：‘应该去掉表面的油腻，就可以进食了。’又有一位比丘，洗完钵后将钵放在一边，到了第三天才再次清洗使用，结果钵就破损了，他因此心生疑惑，认为钵没有烧熟，于是将缘由禀告佛陀，佛陀说：‘清洗后就可以进食了。’又有一位比丘乞食回来后放下钵就出去了，又有另一位比丘，也乞食回来，就将自己的钵放在前一位比丘的钵上，前一位比丘看到后心生疑惑，于是将缘由禀告佛陀，佛陀说：‘如果有施食的人，接受后再进食；如果没有人，就拿走上面的食物，进食就没有罪过。’ 又有一位比丘乞食回来后放下钵就出去了，有俗人来碰到了钵，应该问他说：‘你对这食物有什么想法吗？’如果他说：‘我看到有苍蝇或者草叶，拂去它们。’就应该接受食物并进食。如果他说：‘我是因为有希望得到食物的心才碰它的。’就应该分给他一些，然后接受食物并进食。当时有一位比丘，乞食回来后将钵放在一个地方，又有一位沙弥（求寂，佛教出家预备阶段的人），乞食回来后将钵中的饭放在比丘的钵中，比丘心生疑惑，于是就断食了，佛陀说：‘钵接触到饭的地方应该多去除一些，然后随意进食。’正如世尊所说：‘凡是比丘在路上行走时应该携带食物。’如果没有俗人也没有沙弥，佛陀说：‘应该劝请施主。如果施主也没有，就应该……’
English
English version: The Bhikkhus (Buddhist monks) were doubtful and did not eat, so they told the Buddha the reason. The Buddha said, 'You should eat, there is no offense.' As the World Honored One said, 'Bhikkhus should eat from their bowls.' One Bhikkhu, when washing his bowl, saw a crack in it and was afraid of committing an offense. The Buddha said, 'You should wash it carefully again and again. Even if there is a crack, there is no offense.' Another Bhikkhu, when washing his bowl, saw grains of rice in the crack and doubted whether he could eat. He told the Buddha the reason. The Buddha said, 'You should pick out the grains of rice with a grass stem, rinse it three times with water, and then enjoy it as you please.' Another Bhikkhu used an old smoked bowl to hold hot soup, and the grease floated to the surface and solidified. He was doubtful and did not eat. He told the Buddha the reason. The Buddha said, 'You should remove the grease on the surface and then you can eat it.' Another Bhikkhu washed his bowl and left it in one place. On the third day, he washed it again and used it, and it broke. He was doubtful, thinking that the bowl was not well-fired. He told the Buddha the reason. The Buddha said, 'Wash it and you should eat.' Another Bhikkhu returned from begging for food, put down his bowl, and went out. Another Bhikkhu also came begging for food and placed his bowl on top of the other Bhikkhu's bowl. When the first Bhikkhu saw this, he was doubtful and told the Buddha the reason. The Buddha said, 'If there is a food giver, receive it and then eat. If there is no one, take away the food on top, and eating is not an offense.' Another Bhikkhu returned from begging for food, put down his bowl, and went out. A layman came and touched it. You should ask him, 'Do you have any intention towards this food?' If he says, 'I saw a fly or a blade of grass and brushed it away,' you should accept the food and eat it. If he says, 'I touched it because I hoped to get some food,' you should share some with him, then accept the food and eat it. At that time, a Bhikkhu returned from begging for food and placed his bowl in one place. Another Samanera (novice, a person in the preparatory stage of becoming a Buddhist monk), who came later after begging for food, put the rice from his bowl into the Bhikkhu's bowl. The Bhikkhu was doubtful and stopped eating. The Buddha said, 'You should remove more of the part of the bowl that touched the rice, and then eat as you please.' As the World Honored One said, 'All Bhikkhus should carry food when walking on the road.' If there is no layman and no Samanera, the Buddha said, 'You should encourage the donor. If there is no donor, you should...' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
自持去，后见俗人共换而食。换处亦无，分为两分，告俗人曰：‘汝取一分。’彼既入手应告彼曰：‘汝取我食我取汝分，换易而食。’”此复难求，以缘白佛，佛言：“于第一日应须绝食，若至明日如有授人受取而食。若无授者，自取一彪拳许而食。至第三日还无授者，食二彪拳。至第四日复无授人，随情自取饱食无犯。”于后路粮罄尽，见有熟果堕地，佛言：“应取作净受已而食。若净人难得者，设不作净受已应食。”授者亦无，佛言：“应可自取，作北洲想持心而食。”树上果熟未落地者，佛言：“应自上树摇振令堕自取而食。汝诸苾刍！如上开者，并为难缘。若无难时皆悉制断。若有违者，咸得恶作罪。” 目得迦别门第四总摄颂曰： 与田分不应， 赤体定物施； 僧衣字还往， 甘蔗果容裙。 第一子摄颂曰： 与田分相助， 车船沸自取； 乌嘴蝇无惭， 制底信少欲。 尔时佛在王舍城竹林园中。时影胜大王以千亩田施与僧伽，时诸苾刍虽常食啖舍而不问，遂使良田并生茅荻。时影胜王因自出游见而问曰：“此是谁田并生茅荻？”大臣答曰：“此是大王以千亩田奉施圣众，彼收田实不为修理，由此荒废。”王曰：“岂可僧伽不与他分。”答曰：“不与。”诸 现代汉语译本： ‘自己拿着食物离开，之后看见世俗之人互相交换食物吃。如果没有交换的地方，就把食物分成两份，告诉世俗之人说：‘你拿一份。’那人既然拿了，就应该告诉他说：‘你拿我的食物，我拿你的那份，交换着吃。’" 这又很难做到，因此禀告佛陀，佛陀说：‘在第一天应该必须断食，如果到第二天有人给予食物，接受后食用。如果没有给予的人，就自己取一小撮（彪拳许）来吃。到第三天还是没有人给予，就吃两小撮。到第四天再没有人给予，就随意自己取食，吃饱也没有罪过。’之后路上的粮食吃完了，看见有成熟的果实掉在地上，佛陀说：‘应该取来，做过净（作净：佛教用语，指通过一定仪式使食物或物品变得清净）之后再吃。如果难以找到做净的人，即使不做净也可以吃。’如果连给予的人也没有，佛陀说：‘应该可以自己取来，想象自己是在北俱卢洲（北洲），怀着这样的心来吃。’树上果实成熟了但没有掉落的，佛陀说：‘应该自己上树摇晃，使果实掉落，然后自己取来吃。你们这些苾刍（Bhiksu，比丘）！以上所开许的，都是为了应对困难的情况。如果没有困难的时候，都一概禁止。如果有人违背，都犯恶作罪（Dukkata，一种轻微的罪）。’ 目得迦别门第四总摄颂说： 不应分田地，赤身定施物； 僧衣字迹还，甘蔗果容裙。 第一子摄颂说： 分田地相助，车船沸水取； 乌嘴蝇无惭，制底信少欲。 当时佛陀在王舍城（Rajagrha）竹林园（Venuvana）中。当时影胜大王（King Bimbisara）把一千亩田地施舍给僧伽（Samgha，僧团），当时众苾刍（Bhiksu，比丘）虽然经常食用田里的出产，却不闻不问，以致良田都长满了茅草和荻草。当时影胜王（King Bimbisara）因为自己出游，看见了就问：‘这是谁的田地，竟然长满了茅草和荻草？’大臣回答说：‘这是大王您用一千亩田地奉献给圣众（僧伽），他们收取田里的出产，却不加以修理，因此荒废了。’王说：‘难道僧伽（Samgha，僧团）不可以分给其他人吗？’回答说：‘不分给。’
English
English version: 'Take the food yourself and leave, then see the laypeople exchanging food and eating together. If there is no place to exchange, divide the food into two portions and tell the layperson: 'You take one portion.' Once that person has taken it, you should tell them: 'You take my food, and I take your portion, and we exchange and eat.'" This is also difficult to achieve, so report it to the Buddha. The Buddha said: 'On the first day, you must fast. If someone gives you food on the second day, accept it and eat it. If no one gives you food, take a small handful (a 'byah-phum's worth) and eat it. If no one gives you food on the third day, eat two small handfuls. If no one gives you food on the fourth day, take as much as you like and eat until you are full without committing any offense.' Later, when the provisions on the road are exhausted, and you see ripe fruits fallen on the ground, the Buddha said: 'You should pick them up, purify them (make pure: Buddhist term, referring to making food or objects pure through a certain ritual) and then eat them. If it is difficult to find someone to purify them, you can eat them even without purification.' If there is no one to give you food, the Buddha said: 'You can take it yourself, imagine that you are in Uttarakuru (Northern Continent), and eat with that thought in mind.' If the fruits on the tree are ripe but have not fallen, the Buddha said: 'You should climb the tree yourself, shake it to make the fruits fall, and then take them and eat them. You Bhiksus (Bhiksu, monks)! The above permissions are all for dealing with difficult situations. If there are no difficulties, they are all prohibited. If anyone violates them, they will all commit the offense of Dukkata (Dukkata, a minor offense).' The fourth chapter of the Mutgeka section concludes with this summary: Do not divide the fields, naked body, fixed offerings; Monk's robe, writing returned, sugarcane, fruit, skirt allowed. The first chapter concludes with this summary: Dividing fields, helping each other, carts, boats, boiling water taken; Crow's beak, fly without shame, stupa, faith, few desires. At that time, the Buddha was in the Bamboo Grove (Venuvana) in Rajagrha (Rajagrha). At that time, King Bimbisara (King Bimbisara) donated a thousand acres of land to the Samgha (Samgha, monastic community). At that time, the Bhiksus (Bhiksu, monks) often ate the produce of the fields but did not care for them, so that the good fields were overgrown with reeds and thatch. At that time, King Bimbisara (King Bimbisara) went out for a walk and saw it and asked: 'Whose fields are these that are overgrown with reeds and thatch?' The ministers replied: 'These are the thousand acres of land that Your Majesty has donated to the Holy Assembly (Samgha), but they take the produce of the fields and do not repair them, so they are wasted.' The king said: 'Can't the Samgha (Samgha, monastic community) share them with others?' The ministers replied: 'They do not share them.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------