Chinese
因此，如果第二点不成立，那么它必然是苦谛。在《阿毗达磨集论》中说：“什么是苦谛？即有情世间和器世间，由业和烦恼所生，由业和烦恼所支配，这一切都是苦谛。”因为这样说的缘故。如果认为是根本，那么它就不是业和烦恼的果报。即使生于天界是业的果报， 但生于地狱的痛苦是外境产生的缘故。第三，关于所依三宝，分别阐述了它的自性和难以理解的僧宝。第一，在“佛等三宝”等语境中，皈依之境的三宝有：小乘的观点、共同的观点和大乘的观点。第一，皈依之境的三宝仅从小乘的道谛上安立，即：自相续具有的补特伽罗，在所化众生面前示现为佛陀的大乘无学道谛，是佛宝；自相续具有的补特伽罗，在所化众生面前示现为僧伽的大乘有学道谛和小乘无学道谛，是僧宝；以涅槃所摄的灭谛，被认为是法宝。如《俱舍论》中说：“何者皈依三，佛及僧所行，无学及二俱，涅槃是所归。”因此，作为皈依之境的佛宝和佛陀并非同一，因为佛陀有色身和法身两种。如《俱舍论》中说：“诸佛皆具足，色身与法身，行利益众生。”第二，将三身、涅槃、因果、四双士夫、八辈士夫作为皈依之境的三宝。如《皈依三宝七十颂》中说：“佛陀及其法与僧伽，是欲求解脱者的皈依处。”以及“能仁的三身，涅槃与八辈。”圣者菩萨是佛宝的
English
Therefore, if the second point is not established, then it must be the truth of suffering. In the Abhidharmasamuccaya, it says: "What is the truth of suffering? It is the sentient world and the container world, produced by karma and afflictions, and governed by karma and afflictions. All of this is the truth of suffering." Because it is said so. If it is considered the root, then it is not the result of karma and afflictions. Even though being born in the heavens is the result of karma, the suffering of being born in hell is caused by external factors. Third, regarding the three jewels as objects of refuge, their nature and the difficult-to-understand Sangha Jewel are explained separately. First, in the context of "Buddha and other three jewels," the three jewels as objects of refuge have the Hinayana view, the common view, and the Mahayana view. First, the three jewels as objects of refuge are established only on the basis of the Hinayana path, that is: the truth of the Mahayana non-learning path, which is the Buddha Jewel, is the person who possesses his own continuum and manifests as the Buddha in front of the beings to be tamed; the truth of the Mahayana learning path and the truth of the Hinayana non-learning path, which is the Sangha Jewel, is the person who possesses his own continuum and manifests as the Sangha in front of the beings to be tamed; the cessation truth included in Nirvana is considered the Dharma Jewel. As it is said in the Abhidharmakosha: "Whoever takes refuge in the three, the Dharma practiced by the Buddha and the Sangha, the non-learner and both, Nirvana is the refuge." Therefore, the Buddha Jewel and the Buddha, which are the objects of refuge, are not the same, because the Buddha has two bodies, the Rupakaya and the Dharmakaya. As it is said in the Abhidharmakosha: "All Buddhas possess the assemblies and the Dharmakaya, practicing for the benefit of beings." Second, the three Kayas, Nirvana, cause and effect, four pairs of persons, and eight types of persons are considered the three jewels as objects of refuge. As it is said in the Seventy Verses on Taking Refuge in the Three Jewels: "The Buddha, his Dharma, and the Sangha are the refuge for those who desire liberation." And "The three bodies of the Sage, Nirvana, and the eight types of persons." The noble Bodhisattva is the Buddha Jewel.