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DTG137 0002.Explanation of the Five Aggregates. The Root of Earth..Explanation of the Five Aggregates. The Root of Earth..g2.0f

Chinese

即使有意识等存在,又有什么过失呢?回答说,如果在入于灭尽定时承认有意识和感觉等存在,那么所说的灭尽是灭除意识和感觉就变得没有意义了。因此,阿赖耶识是恒时存在的,而且生起现行识的种子也在阿赖耶识中,所以在灭尽定、无想定以及从无想定出定时,必须承认现行识是从阿赖耶识中产生的。因为其他的理证也证明了阿赖耶识的存在。又说了“依靠所缘缘而以其他方式生起”,并且加上了“故”字,所以意思是说,依靠所缘缘而以其他方式生起,因此,除了现行识之外,阿赖耶识是存在的。其中,所缘缘的意思是,在四缘中,从眼识的对境色法到身识的对境触法这五种,以及意识的对境一切法这六种,称为所缘缘。这些所缘缘的自性也是各不相同的,即色的自性和形态与声的自性和形态不同,声的自性和形态与色的自性和形态不同,所以称为“其他方式”。而且,色的自性也有多种不同,即黄色的自性和形态与蓝色的自性和形态不同,蓝色的自性和形态与白色的自性和形态不同,所以称为“其他方式”。例如,眼识生起于色的自性和形态,而以声音为缘,依赖于声音,耳识生起于声音的形态,这称为“依靠所缘缘而以其他方式生起”。或者,眼识生起于白色的形态,而以黄色为缘,生起于黄色的形态,这称为“依靠所缘缘而以其他方式生起”。

English

Even if there are consciousness and so on, what fault is there? The answer is, if one admits that there are consciousness and feelings and so on when entering cessation, then the statement that cessation is the cessation of consciousness and feelings becomes meaningless. Therefore, the Alaya consciousness is always present, and the seeds for the arising of manifest consciousness are also in the Alaya consciousness. Therefore, in the absorption of cessation, the absorption of non-perception, and when arising from the state of non-perception, it must be admitted that manifest consciousness arises from the Alaya consciousness itself. Because other logical proofs also demonstrate the existence of Alaya consciousness. Furthermore, it is stated that "depending on the objective condition, it arises in a different way," and the word "therefore" is added. So the meaning is that, depending on the objective condition, it arises in a different way, therefore, apart from manifest consciousness, Alaya consciousness is manifestly existent. Among these, the meaning of objective condition is that, among the four conditions, from the object of eye consciousness, form, to the object of body consciousness, touch, these five, and all phenomena that are the object of mind consciousness, these six, are called objective conditions. The nature of these objective conditions is also different, that is, the nature and form of color are different from the nature and form of sound, and the nature and form of sound are different from the nature and form of color, so it is called "different way." Moreover, the nature of color also has various differences, that is, the nature and form of yellow are different from the nature and form of blue, and the nature and form of blue are different from the nature and form of white, so it is called "different way." For example, eye consciousness arises in the nature and form of color, and with sound as the condition, relying on sound, ear consciousness arises in the form of sound, this is called "depending on the objective condition, it arises in a different way." Or, eye consciousness arises in the form of white, and with yellow as the condition, it arises in the form of yellow, this is called "depending on the objective condition, it arises in a different way."

Chinese

如是,识的青色相状生起后,以黄色境为缘,则生起其他的黄色相状;眼识于色相中生起后,以所缘缘的声音为缘,则耳识于声音中生起;依赖于所缘缘而以其他相状生起并作用。若不依赖、不依仗所缘缘,则不能以其他相状作用和生起。因此,诸作用识需要所缘缘。譬如,生起苗芽时,虽有水、火、风等助缘,但若无因缘种子,则苗芽不生起,如是需要种子一般,对于诸作用识而言,若有所缘缘,则它们也必定需要因缘,毋庸置疑,也需要因缘。其中,诸作用识的因缘是阿赖耶识,因此,除了诸作用识之外,还应了知存在着名为阿赖耶识者,它是诸作用识的种子之基础。其中,眼识与耳识的相状和自性各不相同,耳识与鼻识的相状和自性也各不相同。诸作用识的自性各不相同,也是通过它们各自的所缘和相状之缘的不同来安立它们的自性也不同,而不是通过它们各自的等无间缘和增上缘的不同来安立它们的不同。如是,因为通过所缘缘的不同,它们的自性也变得不同,所以才依赖于所缘缘而以其他相状作用。通过所缘缘的不同,识也变得不同,也是因为色的相状与声音的相状不同,声音的相状与气味的相状不同,所以眼识的所缘缘是色,于色上识而生起色的相状;耳识的所缘缘是声音,于声音上识而生起声音的相状等等,它们的自性各不相同。

English

Thus, when the appearance of blue consciousness arises, another appearance of yellow arises due to the condition of a yellow object. When eye consciousness arises in the form of an object, ear consciousness arises in the form of sound due to the condition of sound as the objective condition. Depending on the objective condition, it arises and functions in another form. It cannot function or arise in another form without depending on or relying on the objective condition. Therefore, objective conditions are necessary for all functioning consciousnesses. For example, although there are supporting factors such as water, fire, and wind when a sprout arises, the sprout will not arise without the causal condition of a seed. Just as a seed is necessary, if there is an objective condition for all functioning consciousnesses, then they must also have a causal condition. Without a doubt, a causal condition is also necessary. Among these, the causal condition for all functioning consciousnesses is the Alaya consciousness. Therefore, apart from the functioning consciousnesses, it should be understood that there is something called Alaya consciousness, which is the basis of the seeds of all functioning consciousnesses. Among these, the appearance and nature of eye consciousness are different from ear consciousness, and the appearance and nature of ear consciousness are different from nose consciousness. The nature of each functioning consciousness is different, and their nature is established as different through the difference in their respective objects and the condition of appearance. Their differences are not established by the difference in their immediately preceding condition and dominant condition. Thus, because their nature becomes different through the difference in objective conditions, they function in other forms depending on the objective conditions. The consciousnesses become different through the difference in objective conditions, also because the appearance of form is different from the appearance of sound, and the appearance of sound is different from the appearance of smell. Therefore, the objective condition of eye consciousness is form, and the appearance of form arises by focusing on form. The objective condition of ear consciousness is sound, and the appearance of sound arises by focusing on sound, and so on. Their natures are all different.

Tibetan

་གཞག་པ་ཡང་ཡུལ་ཐ་དད་པའི་སྒོ་ནས་ཐ་དད་པར་གཞག་དགོས་པར་ཟད་དོ། །དེ་མ་ཐག་པའི་རྐྱེན་ཐ་དད་པའི་སྒོ་ནས་འཇུག་པའི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་རྣམས་ཐ་དད་པར་གཞག་པ་ནི་མེད་དེ། ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་ཞེ་ན། རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་བ་སྔ་མ་འགག་པ་དེ་དག་འདི་ཁོ་ན་བསྐྱེད་པའི་རྐྱེན་རྒྱུ་ནི་བྱེད་པ་གཞན་སྐྱེད་པའི་རྐྱེན་མི་བྱེད་དོ་ཞེས་ངེས་པ་མེད་དེ། དཔེར་ན། མིག་གི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་སྔར་འགགས་ན་སྔར་འགགས་པ་དེ་གལ་ཏེ་མིག་གི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ཕྱི་མ་སྐྱེ་བའི་དེ་མ་ཐག་པའི་རྐྱེན་བྱེད། གལ་ཏེ་རྣ་བའི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ཕྱི་མ་ སྐྱེད་པའི་རྐྱེན་བྱེད་པས་འདི་ཁོ་ན་བསྐྱེད་པའི་རྟེན་རྐྱེན་བྱེད་ཅེས་ངེས་པ་མེད་པས་ན་དེ་མ་ཐག་པའི་རྐྱེན་ལས་ནི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ཐ་དད་པར་གཞག་པ་མེད་དོ། །དེ་བཞིན་དུ་བདག་པོའི་རྐྱེན་ཐ་དད་པས་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ཐ་དད་པར་གཞག་པ་ཡང་མེད་དེ། ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་ཞེ་ན། དཔེར་ན། མིག་གི་དབང་པོ་ལྟ་བུ་མིག་གི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་སྔོ་པོའི་རྣམ་པར་ལྟ་བུ་སྐྱེ་བའི་རྐྱེན་ཀྱང་བྱེད་ལ། མིག་གི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་སེར་པོའི་རྣམ་པ་ལྟ་བུ་སྐྱེ་བའི་རྐྱེན་ཀྱང་བྱེད་དེ། ཡུལ་མང་པོའི་སྒོ་ནས་མིག་གི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་རྣམ་པ་སྣ་ཚོགས་སུ་སྐྱེ་བ་ཀུན་གྱི་རྐྱེན་བྱེད་པས་ན་བདག་པོའི་རྐྱེན་ཐ་དད་པའི་སྒོ་ནས་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ཐ་དད་པར་གཞག་པ་མེད་དོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ཡུལ་རྣམ་པ་ཐ་དད་པས་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་རྣམ་པ་གཞན་དུ་འཇུག་པ་དེ་ཡང་དམིགས་པའི་རྐྱེན་ལ་མི་ལྟོས་པར་འཇུག་མི་སྲིད་དེ། དམིགས་པའི་རྐྱེན་ལ་ལྟོས་དགོས་པ་དེ་བཞིན་དུ་འཇུག་པའི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་དེ་དག་སྐྱེ་རྒྱུའི་རྐྱེན་ལ་མི་ལྟོས་པར་སྐྱེ་མི་སྲིད་པས་རྒྱུའི་རྐྱེན་ཡང་དོགས་སོ། །གལ་ཏེ་ཉན་ཐོས་རྣམ་པར་སྨྲ་བ་བ་རྣམས་ན་རེ། འཇུག་པའི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་རྣམས་ལ་དམིགས་པའི་རྐྱེན་མེད་པར་མི་རིགས་པ་དེ་བཞིན་དུ་དེ་དག་ལ་རྒྱུའི་རྐྱེན་ཡང་མེད་པར་མི་རིགས་པ་ནི་བདེན་མོད་ཀྱི་འཇུག་པའི་རྣམ་བར་ཤེས་པ་དེ་དག་གི་ནི་རྐྱེན་རེག་པ་དང༌། ཡིད་ལ་བྱེད་པ་ལ་སོགས་པ་སེམས་ལས་བྱུང་བ་དང༌། ལྷན་ཅིག་འགྲོགས་པ་རྣམས་ཡིན་ནམ། འོན་ཏེ་རྒྱུའི་རྐྱེན་གཞན་ཞིག་ཡོད་པར་དཔྱད་དགོས་སོ་ཞེ་ན་ལན་དུ། རྒྱུའི་རྐྱེན་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་ཆོས་གང་ལ་མིག་ལ་སོགས་པའི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པའི་ས་བོན་ཡོད་ཅིང་དེའི་ས་བོན་གྱི་གཞི་ཡོད་པར་བྱེད་པ་ལ་རྒྱུའི་རྐྱེན་ཞེས་བྱ་སྟེ། དེ་བས་ན་མིག་ལ་སོགས་པའི་ས་བོན་ནི་ཀུན་གཞི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ལ་ཡོད་པས་ཀུན་གཞི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས

Chinese

而且,安立也只能从所缘不同的角度来安立不同。从紧随因不同的角度进入的识,没有安立为不同的,为什么呢?因为,先前的识灭亡,那些仅仅是产生这个的因,不会成为产生其他的因,这并不确定。例如,如果眼识先前灭亡,如果先前灭亡的那个成为后来的眼识产生的紧随因。如果成为后来的耳识产生的因,因为不能确定仅仅是产生这个的所依之因,所以从紧随因的角度,没有安立识为不同的。同样,以增上缘不同来安立识为不同也是没有的,为什么呢?例如,像眼根一样,也成为产生眼识蓝色显现之类的因,也成为产生眼识黄色显现之类的因。因为从众多所缘的角度,成为产生各种眼识的因,所以以增上缘不同的角度,没有安立识为不同的。这样,以所缘形相不同,识进入其他形相,这也不可能不依赖于所缘缘而进入。同样需要依赖于所缘缘,那些进入的识,不可能不依赖于生因,所以也需要生因。如果声闻分别论者们说:进入的识不可能没有所缘缘,同样,那些不可能没有生因是真实的,但是,那些进入的识的因是触和作意等心所,以及伴随者吗?或者,需要考察是否有其他的生因。回答说:所谓的生因,是指在什么法中,具有眼等识的种子,并且成为那个种子的基础,称为生因。因此,眼等识的种子存在于阿赖耶识中,所以阿赖耶识

English

Moreover, the establishment can only be established as different from the perspective of different objects. There is no establishment of consciousnesses that enter from the perspective of different immediately preceding conditions as different. Why? Because the previous consciousnesses cease, and those that only produce this are the cause, and will not become the cause of producing others, which is not certain. For example, if the eye consciousness previously ceased, if the previously ceased one becomes the immediately preceding condition for the production of the subsequent eye consciousness. If it becomes the cause of producing the subsequent ear consciousness, because it cannot be determined that it is only the dependent cause that produces this, therefore, from the perspective of the immediately preceding condition, there is no establishment of consciousness as different. Similarly, there is also no establishment of consciousness as different due to different dominant conditions. Why? For example, like the eye faculty, it also becomes the cause of producing the appearance of blue eye consciousness, and also becomes the cause of producing the appearance of yellow eye consciousness. Because from the perspective of many objects, it becomes the cause of producing various eye consciousnesses, therefore, from the perspective of different dominant conditions, there is no establishment of consciousness as different. Thus, with different forms of objects, consciousness enters other forms, which is also impossible to enter without relying on the objective condition. Similarly, it is necessary to rely on the objective condition, and those entering consciousnesses cannot arise without relying on the cause of arising, so the cause of arising is also necessary. If the Sravaka Abhidharmikas say: It is impossible for entering consciousnesses to be without objective conditions, and similarly, it is true that those cannot be without the cause of arising, but are the causes of those entering consciousnesses contact and mental activity, etc., mental factors, and companions? Or, it needs to be examined whether there are other causes of arising. The answer is: The so-called cause of arising refers to what dharma has the seed of eye and other consciousnesses, and becomes the basis of that seed, which is called the cause of arising. Therefore, the seeds of eye and other consciousnesses exist in the Alaya consciousness, so the Alaya consciousness