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Greed is an impurity, Hatred is an impurity, Delusion is an impurity— These are the three impurities. (17) Three Stains What are the three stains there? Greed is a stain, Hatred is a stain, Delusion is a stain— These are the three stains. (18) Three Taints What are the three taints there? Greed is a taint, Hatred is a taint, Delusion is a taint— These are the three taints. (19) Three Imbalances What are the three imbalances there? Greed is an imbalance, Hatred is an imbalance, Delusion is an imbalance— These are the three imbalances. (20) Other Three Imbalances What are the other three imbalances there? Bodily imbalance, Verbal imbalance, Mental imbalance— These are the three imbalances. (21) Three Fires What are the three fires there? The fire of greed, The fire of hatred, The fire of delusion— These are the three fires. (22) Three Stains What are the three stains there? The stain of greed, The stain of hatred, The stain of delusion— These are the three stains. (23) Other Three Stains What are the other three stains there? Bodily stain, Verbal stain, Mental stain— These are the three stains. (24. Ka) View of Gratification 925. What is the view of gratification there? Here, some ascetic or brahmin holds such a view, speaks thus: "There is no fault in sensual pleasures." He indulges in sensual pleasures. This is called "the view of gratification." (Kha) View of Self What is the view of self there? Here, an uninstructed ordinary person, who has not seen the noble ones He does not see, he is unskilled in the noble Dhamma, he is untrained in the noble Dhamma. He does not see good people, he is unskilled in the Dhamma of good people, he is untrained in the Dhamma of good people. He regards form as self, or self as possessing form, or form as in self, or self as in form. Feeling… Perception… Formations… Consciousness he regards as self, or self as possessing consciousness, or consciousness as in self, or self as in consciousness. Such a view, a view-point… a perverted grasping— this is called "self-view." (Ga) Wrong View What is wrong view there? "There is no giving, there is no sacrifice… those who, having directly known and realized this world and the other world themselves, proclaim them"— such a view, a view-point… a perverted grasping— this is called "wrong view." Eternalism is a view of permanence, a view of delight, a view of self, a view of self-identification. Annihilationism is a wrong view. (25. Ka) Discontent 926. What is discontent there? Discontent, discontentedness, unhappiness, unpleasedness, weariness, anxiety with remote abodes, or with any other superior wholesome states— this is called "discontent." (Kha) Harmfulness What is harmfulness there? Here, someone harms beings with a living thing, or with a clod, or with a stick, or with a weapon, or with a rope, or with any other thing. Such harming, injuring, hurting, afflicting, enraging, provoking, destroying others— this is called "harmfulness." (Ga) Unrighteous Conduct What is unrighteous conduct there? Unrighteous conduct, uneven conduct by body; unrighteous conduct, uneven conduct by speech; unrighteous conduct, uneven conduct by mind— this is called "unrighteous conduct." (26. Ka) Disobedience 927. What is disobedience there? When spoken to by those who are Dhamma-companions, disobedience, unruliness, disobedientness, a contrary grasping, a constant opposition, disrespect, disregard, lack of reverence, lack of deference— this is called "disobedience." (Kha) Bad friendship Therein, what is bad friendship? Those persons who are faithless, immoral, unlearned, stingy, and unwise, the serving of them, the associating with them, the consorting with them, the frequenting of them, the close association with them, the devotion to them, the strong devotion to them, the being involved with them – this is called "bad friendship." (Ga) Diversity of perception Therein, what is diversity of perception? Perception of sensuality, perception of ill-will, perception of harm – this is called "diversity of perception." All unwholesome perceptions are diversity of perception. (27. Ka) Restlessness 928. Therein, what is restlessness? That restlessness of mind, uncalmness, distraction of thought, agitation of mind – this is called "restlessness." (Kha) Laziness Therein, what is laziness? In misconduct of body, or misconduct of speech, or misconduct of mind, or in the five strands of sensuality, the letting go of the mind, the giving up of the mind; in the development of wholesome states, the not acting earnestly, the not acting continuously, the not acting persistently, the being sluggish in conduct, the having given up desire, the having given up the burden, the not cultivating, the not developing, the not making much of, the not resolving, the not applying oneself, the heedlessness – this is called "laziness." (Ga) Heedlessness Therein, what is heedlessness? In misconduct of body, or misconduct of speech, or misconduct of mind, or in the five strands of sensuality, the letting go of the mind, the giving up of the mind; in the development of wholesome states, the not acting earnestly, the not acting continuously, the not acting persistently, the being sluggish in conduct, the having given up desire, the having given up the burden, the not cultivating, the not developing, the not making much of, the not resolving, the not applying oneself, the heedlessness; whatever such heedlessness, the being heedless, the state of being heedless – this is called "heedlessness." (28. Ka) Discontent 929. Therein, what is discontent? The desire for more of one who is discontent with any kind of robes, almsfood, lodging, medicinal requisites for the sick, or with the five strands of sensuality; whatever such desire, the state of desire, discontent, lust, strong lust, strong lust of mind – this is called "discontent." (Kha) lack of clear comprehension Therein, what is lack of clear comprehension? That ignorance, not seeing… and so on… the fetter of unknowing, delusion, the root of unwholesomeness – this is called “lack of clear comprehension.” (Ga) great desire Therein, what is great desire? The dissatisfaction with ordinary robes, almsfood, lodging, medicine for the sick, and other requisites, or with the five strands of sensual pleasure, and the desire for more; that such desire, the state of desire, great desire, lust, strong lust, strong lust of the mind – this is called “great desire.” (29. Ka) shamelessness 930. Therein, what is shamelessness? That which is not ashamed of what should be ashamed of, is not ashamed of committing evil, unwholesome states – this is called “shamelessness.” (Kha) fearlessness of wrongdoing Therein, what is fearlessness of wrongdoing? That which is not afraid of what should be afraid of, is not afraid of committing evil, unwholesome states – this is called “fearlessness of wrongdoing.” (Ga) heedlessness Therein, what is heedlessness? The abandoning of the mind, the giving up of the mind, in bodily misconduct, or verbal misconduct, or mental misconduct, or in the five strands of sensual pleasure; the not doing with earnestness, the not doing with continuity, the not doing with steadfastness, the state of being sluggish, the giving up of zeal, the giving up of effort, the not practicing, the not cultivating, the not making much of, the not resolving, the not applying oneself to wholesome states – that such heedlessness, the state of being heedless, the state of having been heedless – this is called “heedlessness.” (30. Ka) disrespect 931. Therein, what is disrespect? That disrespect, lack of respect, lack of reverence, lack of deference, not enduring, not enduring, the state of not enduring, lack of virtue, lack of consideration – this is called “disrespect.” (Kha) disobedience Therein, what is disobedience? When spoken to by one who is righteous, that disobedience, the state of disobedience, disobedience, the taking of an opposing view, the delighting in opposition, disrespect, lack of respect, lack of reverence, lack of deference – this is called “disobedience.” (Ga) evil Unfriendliness What is bad friendship there? Those persons who are faithless, immoral, unlearned, stingy, and unwise— their association, their frequenting, their companionship, their intimacy, their devotion, their close devotion, their loyalty, their close loyalty, their being involved with them— this is called "bad friendship." (31. a) Faithlessness 932. What is faithlessness there? Here, someone is faithless, does not have faith in the Buddha, or the Dhamma, or the Sangha. Such faithlessness, lack of faith, non-acceptance, lack of serene confidence— this is called "faithlessness." (b) Ungenerosity What is ungenerosity there? The five kinds of stinginess: stinginess regarding dwellings, stinginess regarding families, stinginess regarding gain, stinginess regarding praise, stinginess regarding the Dhamma. Such stinginess, being stingy, the state of being stingy, envy, miserliness, harshness, the mind's not being receptive— this is called "ungenerosity." (c) Laziness What is laziness there? The mind's letting go in bodily misconduct, or verbal misconduct, or mental misconduct, or in the five sense pleasures; the giving up, the giving up of wholesome states; the not doing with earnestness, the not doing with continuity, the not doing with persistence in the development; the state of being sluggish, the giving up of desire, the giving up of effort, non-practice, non-development, non-multiplication, non-determination, non-application, heedlessness— this is called "laziness." (32. a) Restlessness 933. What is restlessness there? That restlessness of mind, the lack of tranquility, the distraction of thought, the agitation of mind— this is called "restlessness." (b) Lack of Restraint What is lack of restraint there? Here, someone, having seen a form with the eye, grasps at the sign, grasps at the details.