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Among these, which are the other four fears? Fear of kings, Fear of thieves, Fear of fire, Fear of water – These are the four fears. Among these, which are the other four fears? Fear of waves, Fear of crocodiles, Fear of whirlpools, Fear of sharks – These are the four fears. Among these, which are the other four fears? Fear of self-reproach, Fear of others' reproach, Fear of punishment, Fear of a bad destination – These are the four fears. (15) Four views Among these, which are the four views? The view arises as true and real: "Pleasure and pain are self-made." The view arises as true and real: "Pleasure and pain are made by another." The view arises as true and real: "Pleasure and pain are both self-made and made by another." "Neither self-made nor made by another, but arisen by chance..." as pleasure and pain, truly, really, views arise – these are the four views. The Fours. 5. Explanation of the Fives (1) Five Lower Fetters 940. Among these, which are the five lower fetters? Self-view, doubt, clinging to rites and rituals, sensual desire, ill will – these are the five lower fetters. (2) Five Higher Fetters Among these, which are the five higher fetters? Craving for form, craving for formless, conceit, restlessness, ignorance – these are the five higher fetters. (3) Five Kinds of Stinginess Among these, which are the five kinds of stinginess? Stinginess regarding dwelling, stinginess regarding families, stinginess regarding gain, stinginess regarding praise, stinginess regarding Dhamma – these are the five kinds of stinginess. (4) Five Attachments Among these, which are the five attachments? Attachment of lust, attachment of hatred, attachment of delusion, attachment of conceit, attachment of views – these are the five attachments. (5) Five Darts Among these, which are the five darts? Dart of lust, dart of hatred, dart of delusion, dart of conceit, dart of views – these are the five darts. (6) Five Mental Barrennesses 941. Among these, which are the five mental barrennesses? He doubts, is perplexed about the Teacher, does not resolve, is not confident; he doubts, is perplexed about the Dhamma, does not resolve, is not confident; he doubts, is perplexed about the Saṅgha, does not resolve, is not confident; he doubts, is perplexed about the training, does not resolve, is not confident; he is angry with his fellow practitioners, displeased, with a mind struck, barren-born – these are the five mental barrennesses. (7) Five Mental Bondages Among these, which are the five mental bondages? He is not free from lust for sensual pleasures, not free from desire, not free from affection, not free from thirst, not free from burning, not free from craving; he is not free from lust for the body… he is not free from lust for forms… having eaten his fill, stuffing his belly, he dwells devoted to the pleasure of lying down, the pleasure of reclining, the pleasure of sleepiness; having made a wish for some divine realm, he… practices the holy life – "By this virtue or by this vow or by this ascetic practice or by this holy life I shall become a deva or one of the devas" – these are the five fetters of the mind. (8) Five Hindrances What are these five hindrances? The hindrance of sensual desire, the hindrance of ill-will, the hindrance of sloth and torpor, the hindrance of restlessness and remorse, the hindrance of doubt – these are the five hindrances. (9) Five Actions of Immediate Retribution What are these five actions of immediate retribution? One's mother is deprived of life, one's father is deprived of life, an Arahant is deprived of life, with malicious intent, blood is drawn from a Tathāgata, the Saṅgha is split – these are the five actions of immediate retribution. (10) Five Views What are these five views? "The self is conscious, healthy after death," some declare, "The self is unconscious, healthy after death," some declare, "The self is neither conscious nor unconscious, healthy after death," some declare, or they proclaim the cutting off, destruction, and annihilation of an existing being, or some declare Nibbāna in this very life – these are the five views. (11) Five Enmities 942. What are these five enmities? Taking life, taking what is not given, misconduct in sensual pleasures, false speech, the intoxicating drinks and drugs that are a basis for heedlessness – these are the five enmities. (12) Five Misfortunes What are these five misfortunes? Misfortune concerning relatives, misfortune concerning wealth, misfortune concerning sickness, misfortune concerning virtue, misfortune concerning views – these are the five misfortunes. (13) Five Disadvantages of Impatience What are these five disadvantages of impatience? One becomes disliked and displeasing to many people, one becomes full of enmity, one becomes full of faults, one dies bewildered, with the breaking up of the body, after death, one reappears in a state of deprivation, a bad destination, a downfall, in hell – these are the five disadvantages of impatience. (14) Five Fears What are these five fears? A fear of livelihood, fear of ill repute, fear of timidity in an assembly, fear of death, fear of a bad destination – these are five fears. (15) Five doctrines of Nibbāna in this very life 943. Therein, which are the five doctrines of Nibbāna in this very life? (A) Here, some ascetic or brahmin holds such a view, such a doctrine: “Indeed, sirs, when this self is endowed, fully equipped, and enjoys the five strands of sensual pleasure, by this much, sirs, this self attains the highest Nibbāna in this very life.” Thus, some declare the highest Nibbāna in this very life for an existing being. (B) Another says thus: “Indeed, sirs, that self you speak of exists; I do not say it does not exist. But indeed, sirs, this self does not attain the highest Nibbāna in this very life by this much. For what reason? For sensual pleasures, sirs, are impermanent, suffering, subject to change. From their change and alteration arise sorrow, lamentation, pain, displeasure, and despair. Indeed, sirs, when this self, quite secluded from sensual pleasures… enters and dwells in the first jhāna, by this much, sirs, this self attains the highest Nibbāna in this very life.” Thus, some declare the highest Nibbāna in this very life for an existing being. (C) Another says thus: “Indeed, sirs, that self you speak of exists. I do not say it does not exist. But indeed, sirs, this self does not attain the highest Nibbāna in this very life by this much. For what reason? Whatever is thought and pondered there, by this, it is called coarse. Indeed, sirs, when this self, with the calming of thought and pondering… enters and dwells in the second jhāna, by this much, sirs, this self attains the highest Nibbāna in this very life.” Thus, some declare the highest Nibbāna in this very life for an existing being. (D) Another says thus: “Indeed, sirs, that self you speak of exists. I do not say it does not exist. But indeed, sirs, this self does not attain by this much the highest has attained the supreme Nibbāna in this very life. For what reason? Whatever elation of mind, whatever upliftment of mind is there, by this, this is called coarse. But when, sirs, this self, from the fading away of joy… …enters and dwells in the third jhāna, by this much, sirs, this self has attained the supreme Nibbāna in this very life.” Thus some declare the supreme Nibbāna in this very life for an existing being. (Ña) Another says this: “Indeed, sirs, there is that self of which you speak. I do not say it does not exist. But, sirs, this self has not attained the supreme Nibbāna in this very life by this much. For what reason? Whatever mental application to pleasure and joy is there, by this, this is called coarse. But when, sirs, this self, from the abandoning of pleasure… …enters and dwells in the fourth jhāna, by this much, sirs, this self has attained the supreme Nibbāna in this very life.” Thus some declare the supreme Nibbāna in this very life for an existing being. These are the five views of Nibbāna in this very life. The Fives. 6. The Section on Sixes (1) Six Roots of Contention 944. What are the six roots of contention? Anger, hypocrisy, envy, deceit, evil desires, adherence to one’s own views – these are the six roots of contention. (2) Six Desires What are the six desires? Desires associated with the home. Desire associated with the home for pleasing forms, attachment, mental attachment; for pleasing sounds… …for pleasing smells… …for pleasing tastes… …for pleasing touches… …for pleasing mental objects, desire associated with the home, attachment, mental attachment – these are the six desires. (3) Six Grounds for Opposition What are the six grounds for opposition? In displeasing forms, mental aversion, repulsion, fierceness, displeasure, mental dissatisfaction; in displeasing sounds… …in displeasing smells… …in displeasing tastes… …in displeasing touches… …in displeasing mental objects… Vexation of mind, resentment, fierceness, ill-will, displeasure of mind— these are the six grounds for conflict. (4) Six bodies of craving What are these six bodies of craving? Craving for forms, craving for sounds, craving for smells, craving for tastes, craving for tangibles, craving for mental phenomena— these are the six bodies of craving. (5) Six kinds of disrespect 945. What are these six kinds of disrespect? He dwells disrespectfully, without deference, towards the Teacher. He dwells disrespectfully, without deference, towards the Dhamma. He dwells disrespectfully, without deference, towards the Saṅgha. He dwells disrespectfully, without deference, towards the training. He dwells disrespectfully, without deference, towards diligence. He dwells disrespectfully, without deference, towards hospitality— these are the six kinds of disrespect. (6) Six things leading to decline What are these six things leading to decline? Delight in work, delight in chatter,