Chinese
的因緣所致，具名聲者勸請眾多阿羅漢，清淨地宣說三藏，並將約四十名比丘逐出僧團，主持了第二次結集。據說，這由七百位阿羅漢所結集。在喀什米爾地區，名為獅子穀的國王出家後，證得阿羅漢果位，他宣講佛法，迦膩色迦國王作為施主，聚集了眾多僧眾。名為聖者肋比丘者也宣講佛法，喀什米爾地區的僧眾聚集在རྒྱ་ནགས་ཀྱི་གཙུག་ལག་ཁང་（漢林寺）舉行了第三次結集。另有一說，在紮蘭達拉的庫瓦納寺廟舉行了結集。據說，當時聚集了五百位阿羅漢、菩薩和凡夫，因此被稱為最後一次結集。此後，有一次，僅有聲聞部的說一切有部和經部的教法廣為流傳。佛陀涅槃後不久，尊者薩惹哈大師首先護持了那爛陀的僧團。後來，他獲得了二次第第的堅固，奉行苦行，證得了殊勝成就，轉了真實義的法輪。追隨聖者龍樹菩薩，開啟了金剛乘教法弘揚的先河。此外，因紮菩提大師在烏仗延弘揚密法。龍樹是受記的聖者，圓滿正等覺在《楞伽經》中授記說：南方貝塔地方，有比丘名具德，其名號為龍，能摧毀有無論，於我教法中，闡說無上乘，得極喜樂地，彼往生極樂。如是授記。聖者龍樹菩薩秉承了由聖者文殊傳承下來的大乘中觀宗的傳統。又，導師涅槃後約九百年，聖者無著修持慈氏尊，蒙其攝受，弘揚大乘宗風。這位導師也曾被授記，如《文殊根本續》所說：我涅槃之後，九百年
English
Due to the cause of, the famous one persuaded many Arhats, purely expounded the three pitakas, and expelled about forty monks from the Sangha, and presided over the second council. It is said that this was gathered by seven hundred Arhats. In the land of Kashmir, a king named Lion Grain became ordained, and having attained Arhatship, he taught the Dharma, and King Kanishka of Jalandhara became the patron and gathered many Sanghas. The noble Ribbhichu also taught the Dharma, and the Sanghas of Kashmir gathered in the monastery of Ryanak and held the third council. Some say that it was gathered in the Kuvana monastery of Jalandhara. It is said that five hundred Arhats, Bodhisattvas, and ordinary beings gathered at that time, so it is called the last council. After that, there was a time when only the teachings of the Sravaka Vaibhashika and Sautrantika schools were widespread. Not long after the Buddha's Nirvana, the venerable Saraha the Great first protected the Sangha of Nalanda. Later, he gained stability in the two stages, practiced asceticism, attained supreme accomplishment, and turned the wheel of Dharma of definitive meaning. Following the master Nagarjuna, he initiated the flourishing of the Vajrayana teachings. In addition, the great Indrabodhi propagated the secret mantra in Oddiyana. Nagarjuna was a prophesied being, and the perfectly enlightened Buddha prophesied in the Lankavatara Sutra: In the southern land of Beta, there will be a monk named Glorious, whose name will be Naga, who will destroy the views of existence and non-existence, and in my teachings, he will explain the unsurpassed vehicle, attain the stage of great joy, and he will go to Sukhavati. As prophesied. The master Nagarjuna upheld the tradition of the Great Vehicle Madhyamaka school transmitted from the noble Manjushri. Also, about nine hundred years after the Teacher's Nirvana, the master Asanga practiced the venerable Maitreya and was accepted by him, and propagated the tradition of the Great Vehicle. This master was also prophesied, as stated in the Manjushri Root Tantra: After my Nirvana, nine hundred years
Chinese
当年龄达到一百岁时，名为无著的比丘，精通那部论著的意义，对经部的了义和不了义，进行多种方式的详细区分。如是说。这两位论师连同他们的传承上师，以大乘的见解和广大的行持，使佛陀的教法如同白昼般显明。这些论师的传承中，最著名的是：陈那和法称两位，圣天，论师世亲和以上的两位，合称六庄严。寂天和月官，合称两位殊胜论师。密咒的教法是：在金刚座（菩提伽耶）聚集于一个坛城中的八十位成就者，以及其他未聚集在那里，但获得成就的无数圣贤，特别是卢伊巴、知力巴、黑行巴三位，底洛巴、那若巴、弥勒巴[麦哲巴]，大小时轮金刚，毗瓦巴等使之兴盛。尤其是智慧空行母涅古玛和苏卡悉地等，其恩德无法衡量，贤哲成就者琼波瑜伽士使我们获得了善缘，这些将在下文阐述。༈。第二，雪域藏地教法兴盛的方式是：在《无垢施女授记经》中说：“我涅槃后两千五百年，在红脸人的地方，神圣的佛法将会兴盛。”如经中所预言的那样，从藏王聂赤赞普开始，历代相传至拉脱脱日年赞，他住在雍布拉康的顶层，一个装满黄金佛塔的箱子，《萨玛托噶经》，《百业经·忏悔品》，如意宝等从天而降，国王看到后，因为当时西藏没有文字翻译，所以不明白其中的含义，感到非常惊讶，取名为“秘密守护”，给予盛大的供养，国王的福报因此增长，找到了神圣佛法的开端。此后经过几个朝代，法王松赞干布出现，伟大的论师吞弥·桑布扎前往印度，精通了翻译和文字，迎请了印度的文字专家李谨，让朗康巴·果曲和吞弥·桑布扎两人创造了藏文，使语言有了对应的文字。
English
When reaching the age of one hundred, the Bhikshu named Asanga was skilled in the meaning of that treatise, and extensively distinguished the definitive and provisional meanings of the Sutras in many ways. Thus it was said. These two teachers, along with their lineage teachers, made the Buddha's teachings as clear as daylight through the view of the Great Vehicle and the vast conduct. Among the disciples of these, the most famous are: Dignāga and Dharmakīrti, Āryadeva, the teacher Vasubandhu and the two above, the six ornaments. Śāntideva and Candragomin, the two extraordinary teachers. The teachings of Secret Mantra are: the eighty siddhas gathered in one mandala at Vajrasana (Bodh Gaya), and countless other accomplished beings who did not gather there, especially Lūipa, Drilapa, and Kṛṣṇapāda, Tailopa, Nāropa, Maitripa [Maitrīpa], the greater and lesser Kālacakrapāda, Virupa, etc., made them flourish. In particular, the wisdom dakini Niguma and Sukhasiddhi, etc., their kindness is immeasurable, the wise and accomplished Khyungpo Naljor brought us good fortune, which will be explained below. ༈. Secondly, the way the teachings flourished in the snowy land of Tibet is: In the Sutra of Prophecy of Immaculate Lady Giving, it says: "Two thousand five hundred years after my Parinirvana, in the land of the red-faced people, the sacred Dharma will flourish." As prophesied in the Sutra, starting from the Tibetan King Nyatri Tsenpo, successively to Lha Thothori Nyantsen, who lived on the top floor of Yumbu Lhakhang Palace, a chest full of golden stupas, the Karandavyuha Sutra, the Spang Kong Chagya Cintamani, etc., fell from the sky, and when the king saw them, because there was no translation of the text in Tibet at that time, he did not understand the meaning, and was very surprised, and named it "Secret Protector", and made great offerings, and the king's merit increased, and he found the beginning of the sacred Dharma. After a few generations, the Dharma King Songtsen Gampo appeared, and the great teacher Thonmi Sambhota went to India, became proficient in translation and writing, invited the Indian writing expert Li Jin, and had Lang Khampa Gocha and Thonmi Sambhota create the Tibetan script, so that the language had corresponding writing.
Chinese
此后，考虑到可以翻译佛法，便整理了《杂事》。翻译了《宝积王经》中的《五部经》等许多经典。迎娶了汉地和尼泊尔两位国王的女儿，这两位王妃迎请了释迦牟尼佛像和不动金刚佛像，这两尊佛像分别是十二岁和八岁孩童的身量，安放在拉萨的觉康寺和拉莫且寺，迎请了这两尊具有特殊加持的佛像等圣物。修建了拉萨的觉康寺和拉莫且寺等众多寺庙和佛塔，开创了佛教的先河。此后经过五代，赤松德赞国王即位。迎请了堪布寂护和莲花生大师。修建了桑耶寺及其附属设施。莲花生大师宣说了许多密咒，这些密咒被称为宁玛派或前译派。迎请了学者莲花戒。驳斥了和尚的教义。此外，班智达佛密、堪布达那希拉、达摩吉尔提、毗玛拉米扎、希拉因扎菩提等来到桑耶寺，聚集了聪明的藏族人，教他们成为译师。最初，贡·鲁旺波等人，七位觉悟之士出家并被训练成精通翻译的人。由此发展出大约一百多位译师。由此发展出绰若·鲁坚赞等一千多人精通翻译，翻译了许多《般若波罗蜜多经》等经部，以及《行续·遍照现证》、《瑜伽续·总集》等众多佛法，从而使僧团等佛教事业得到蓬勃发展。他有四个儿子，其中以萨丹列·金永而闻名，他建造了嘉赛嘎琼寺。班智达毗玛拉米扎、莲花戒、智藏、尼泊尔的吽嘎拉等人，以及译师贡·鲁旺波·宗瓦和玛·仁钦乔等翻译了许多佛法，并用新术语进行了修订和最终确定。建立了许多讲经院和禅修院。他有三个儿子，其中大儿子出家，二儿子朗达玛天性邪恶，因此小儿子赤热巴巾被立为国王。建造了乌香多的拉康。堪布班智达布拉章瓦玛和吉纳弥扎等。
English
Thereafter, considering that the Dharma could be translated, he compiled the Zamatog. He translated many scriptures such as the five sutras from the Ratnakuta King Sutra. He married the daughters of the kings of China and Nepal, and these two queens invited the Jowo Shakyamuni statue and the Jowo Mikyö Dorje statue, which were the size of twelve-year-old and eight-year-old children respectively, and enshrined them in the Rasa Trulnang (Jokhang Temple) and Ramoche Temple in Lhasa. They invited these particularly blessed statues and other sacred objects. They built many temples and stupas such as the Rasa Trulnang and Ramoche Temples, and initiated the tradition of the Buddha's teachings. After five generations, King Trisong Detsen ascended the throne. He invited the Abbot Shantarakshita and the Master Padmasambhava. He built the Samye Monastery with its supporting structures. The Master Padmasambhava recited many mantras, which became known as the Nyingma or Early Translation school. He invited the scholar Kamalashila. He refuted the teachings of the Heshang. Furthermore, panditas such as Sangye Gsangwa, Khenpo Dhanashila, Dharmakirti, Vimalamitra, and Shrilendrabodhi came to Samye, gathered the intelligent Tibetans, and trained them to be translators. Initially, Khon Klu'i Wangpo and others, the seven men who were ordained, were trained to be skilled translators. From this, about a hundred translators emerged. From this, more than a thousand people, including Chokro Lu'i Gyaltsen, became skilled translators, and translated many sutras such as the Prajnaparamita Sutras, as well as the Action Tantra Vairochana Abhisambodhi, the Yoga Tantra Compendium, and many other teachings, thereby greatly promoting the Sangha and other Buddhist activities. He had four sons, of whom Sadnaleg Jingyon was famous, and he built the Gyal De Karchung Temple. The panditas Vimalamitra, Kamalashila, Jnanasena, the Nepali Humkara, and the translators Khon Klu'i Wangpo Sungwa, and Ma Rinchen Chok and others translated many teachings, revised them with new terminology, and finalized them. They established many teaching and meditation centers. He had three sons, the eldest of whom was ordained. The middle son, Langdarma, was evil by nature, so the youngest son, Tri Ralpachen, was appointed king. He built the U-shangdo Lhakhang. The Khenpo Pandita Prajnavarma and Jinamitra, and others.
Chinese
众多，以及译师噶瓦·华则、觉若·衮嘉坚赞、香萨南喀益西多吉等人翻译并确定了众多佛法。国王将第一个僧舍献给僧团等，使佛法极度兴盛，这就是被称为前弘期的缘由。此后，朗达玛杀害了国王赤热巴巾，篡夺王位，摧毁了卫藏的佛法，几乎消灭殆尽。拉隆·华吉多吉考虑到佛法，虽然杀害了国王朗达玛，但佛法衰败严重，一时难以恢复。期间，从卫藏逃到多康的僧人有约·吉迥、藏饶赛、玛·释迦牟尼三人，由两位汉人华尚补足人数，大堪布衮巴饶赛出家并受具足戒。他们有洛敦·多吉旺秋、措尊·西饶僧格、哲尊·嘉瓦迥涅，即藏巴三人；鲁梅·帕巴西饶、松巴·益西德，即卫巴二人。卫藏五人出家。他们从多康来到卫藏，作为众多出家者的堪布和阿阇黎，建立了众多僧团，重新点燃并弘扬了佛法的火种。这是从下多康兴起的。如果以前弘、后弘、中弘三期来划分，则属于中弘；如果以前后两期来划分，则是后弘初期的佛法。后弘时期从上部地区兴起的方式是：朗达玛有两个儿子，其中俄松的儿子是华科赞，他的两个儿子是吉德尼玛衮，他在阿里上部建立了阿里三围。他的三个儿子是米追热衮，他的儿子是俄吉辛，他的两个儿子中，科热出家，被称为拉喇嘛益西沃。他继承了祖先的传统，为了弘扬佛法，从属民中挑选了二十一人，带着金子和经典，送到印度学习佛法，但大多数都去世了。大译师仁钦桑布和小学者雷贝西饶两人成功归来，特别是大译师成为了大学者。他们两人翻译了显宗经论、密宗内外续部的注释和诀窍等。
English
Numerous, and the translators Kawa PalTseg, Chokro Klu'i Gyaltsen, Zhang Sna Nam Yeshe Dorje, and others translated and established many Dharmas. The king offered the first monastery to the Sangha, etc., making the Dharma extremely prosperous, which is why it is called the Early Propagation Period. After that, Langdarma killed King Tri Ralpachen, seized the throne, and destroyed the Dharma in U-Tsang, almost eradicating it. Lhalung Palgyi Dorje, considering the Buddha's Dharma, although he killed King Langdarma, the Dharma had declined severely and was difficult to restore for a time. During this period, the monks who fled from U-Tsang to Do Kham were Yo Gejung, Tsang Rabsel, and Mar Shakyamuni, three in total, supplemented by two Chinese Hwashang. The great Khenpo Gongpa Rabsel took ordination and received full ordination. They included Loton Dorje Wangchuk, Tso Tsün Sherab Senge, and Dritshun Gyalwa Jungne, the three Tsangpas; Lume Pagpa Sherab and Sumpa Yeshe De, the two Üpas. Five people from U-Tsang took ordination. They traveled from Do Kham to U-Tsang, serving as Khenpos and Acharyas for many ordained individuals, establishing numerous Sangha communities, and rekindling and propagating the flame of the Dharma. This is how it arose from Lower Do Kham. If divided into the three periods of Early Propagation, Later Propagation, and Intermediate Propagation, it belongs to the Intermediate Propagation; if divided into the two periods of Early and Later Propagation, it is the initial Dharma of the Later Propagation. The way the Later Propagation arose from the upper regions is as follows: Langdarma had two sons, of whom Ösung's son was Palkhor Tsen, and his two sons were Kyide Nyima Gön, who established the three circles of Ngari in Upper Ngari. His three sons were Mitri Ragön, his son was Ökyi Syin, and of his two sons, Khore took ordination and was known as Lha Lama Yeshe Ö. He continued the tradition of his ancestors, and in order to propagate the Buddha's Dharma, he selected twenty-one intelligent individuals from his subjects, along with gold and scriptures, and sent them to India to study the Dharma, but most of them died. The great translator Rinchen Zangpo and the junior scholar Lekpai Sherab successfully returned, and in particular, the great translator became a great scholar. They translated Sutras, Shastras, commentaries on the inner and outer Tantras, and instructions, etc.