English
English version 'Recollection, remembering, the nature of recollection, following recollection, distinguishing recollection, non-forgetting, the nature of non-forgetting the Dharma, clear mindfulness of the mind, this is called heavenly recollection.' 'What are the six unsurpassed Dharmas? Answer: First, unsurpassed seeing; second, unsurpassed hearing; third, unsurpassed gain; fourth, unsurpassed learning; fifth, unsurpassed practice; sixth, unsurpassed recollection. What is unsurpassed seeing? Answer: As the World Honored One (世尊) said: 'Bhikkhus (比丘, monks), you should know that if there is a type of Pudgala (补特伽罗, person) who goes to see the wheel-treasure, the elephant-treasure, the horse-treasure, the jewel-treasure, the woman-treasure, the chief treasurer-minister treasure, the chief military-minister treasure, or goes to see those Shramanas (沙门, wandering ascetics) or Brahmanas (婆罗门, priests) who initiate wrong views and practice wrong views.' I say that although this type of person has seeing, it is not without seeing, but it is the nature of ordinary beings, not the seeing of the wise and holy. If someone cultivates pure faith and love, and goes to see the Tathagata (如来, Buddha) or the Buddha's disciples, I say that this type of person has unsurpassed seeing, which can benefit oneself, can bring oneself happiness, can enable oneself to dwell in peace and security, transcending disasters and sorrows, extinguishing all worries and sufferings, and quickly attaining the Dharma essentials as they truly are. This is called unsurpassed seeing. What is unsurpassed hearing? Answer: As the World Honored One said: 'Bhikkhus, you should know that if there is a type of Pudgala who goes to hear the sound of elephants, the sound of horses, the sound of carts, the sound of footsteps, the sound of conches, the sound of large and small drums, the sound of shouting, the sound of singing and dancing, the sound of music, or goes to hear the wrong Dharma spoken by those Shramanas or Brahmanas who initiate wrong views and practice wrong views.' I say that although this type of person has hearing, it is not without hearing, but it is the nature of ordinary beings, not the hearing of the wise and holy. If someone cultivates pure faith and love, and goes to hear the right Dharma spoken by the Tathagata or the Buddha's disciples, I say that this type of person has unsurpassed hearing, which can benefit oneself, (same as above) broadly speaking, and quickly attain the Dharma essentials as they truly are. This is called unsurpassed hearing. What is unsurpassed gain? Answer: As the World Honored One said: 'Bhikkhus, you should know that if there is a type of Pudgala who either obtains a wife, or obtains precious wealth, or obtains various grains, or associates with relatives and friends, or obtains deep faith and joy in those Shramanas or Brahmanas who initiate wrong views and practice wrong views.' I say that although this type of person is said to have gained benefit, it is not without gaining benefit,' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
而是下贱本性异生非贤圣利。若有修植清净信爱，能于如来及佛弟子得深信乐，我说彼类得无上利，能自利益，广说乃至疾能证得如理法要。是名利无上。云何学无上？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，如有一类补特伽罗，或学乘象或学乘马、或学乘车或学弯弓、或学放箭或学执钩、或学执索或学执排、或学上乘或学下乘、或学驰走或学跳踯、或学书数或学算印、或学沙门若婆罗门发起邪见邪见行者所说学处。我说彼类，虽有所学非无所学，而是下劣本性异生非贤圣学。若有修植清净信爱，能学如来及佛弟子所说学处，我说彼类为无上学，能自利益，广说乃至能疾证得如理法要。是名学无上。云何行无上？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，如有一类补特伽罗，行调象行或调马行、或调人行或调牛行、或事火行或事月行或事日行、或事药行或事珠行、或事星宿宫殿等行、或行沙门若婆罗门发起邪见邪见行者所受持行。我说彼类，虽有所行非无所行，而是下贱本性异生非贤圣行。若有修植清净信爱，能行如来及佛弟子所行之行，我说彼类为行无上，能自利益，广说乃至疾能证得如理法要。是名行无上。云何念无上？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，如有一类补特伽罗，或念妻子、或念财谷、或念亲友、或念沙门若婆罗门发起邪见邪见行者及彼 现代汉语译本 而是本性与生俱来的，并非贤圣的利益。如果有人修习培植清净的信心和爱心，能够对如来（Tathagata，佛的称号）以及佛的弟子生起深刻的信仰和喜乐，我说这类人获得了无上的利益，能够自我利益，广泛地说，乃至能够迅速证得如理的法要。这叫做利益无上。什么是学无上？回答：如世尊所说：‘比丘（bhiksu，佛教出家男众），应当知道，如果有一类补特伽罗（pudgala，人），或者学习驯象，或者学习驯马，或者学习驾车，或者学习弯弓，或者学习放箭，或者学习执钩，或者学习执索，或者学习执排，或者学习上乘，或者学习下乘，或者学习驰走，或者学习跳跃，或者学习书写计算，或者学习算术印章，或者学习沙门（sramana，出家修行者）或婆罗门（brahman，古印度祭司阶层）发起邪见，邪见行者所说的学处。’我说这类人，虽然有所学习并非没有学习，但是是下劣的，本性与生俱来的，并非贤圣之学。如果有人修习培植清净的信心和爱心，能够学习如来以及佛的弟子所说的学处，我说这类人是无上的学习，能够自我利益，广泛地说，乃至能够迅速证得如理的法要。这叫做学无上。什么是行无上？回答：如世尊所说：‘比丘，应当知道，如果有一类补特伽罗，实行调象之行，或者调马之行，或者调人之行，或者调牛之行，或者事火之行，或者事月之行，或者事日之行，或者事药之行，或者事珠之行，或者事星宿宫殿等之行，或者实行沙门或婆罗门发起邪见，邪见行者所受持之行。’我说这类人，虽然有所行并非没有所行，但是是本性与生俱来的，并非贤圣之行。如果有人修习培植清净的信心和爱心，能够实行如来以及佛的弟子所行之行，我说这类人是无上的行，能够自我利益，广泛地说，乃至能够迅速证得如理的法要。这叫做行无上。什么是念无上？回答：如世尊所说：‘比丘，应当知道，如果有一类补特伽罗，或者忆念妻子，或者忆念财物谷物，或者忆念亲戚朋友，或者忆念沙门或婆罗门发起邪见，邪见行者以及他们
English
English version Rather, it is an inherent nature, not the benefit of the wise and holy. If someone cultivates pure faith and love, and is able to generate deep faith and joy in the Tathagata (title of the Buddha) and the Buddha's disciples, I say that such a person obtains the supreme benefit, is able to benefit themselves, and broadly speaking, is able to quickly attain the Dharma essentials as they truly are. This is called the supreme benefit. What is the supreme learning? Answer: As the World Honored One said: 'Bhikkhus (Buddhist monks), you should know that if there is a type of person, a pudgala (person), who learns to tame elephants, or learns to tame horses, or learns to drive chariots, or learns to bend bows, or learns to shoot arrows, or learns to hold hooks, or learns to hold ropes, or learns to hold shields, or learns to ride up, or learns to ride down, or learns to run, or learns to jump, or learns to write and calculate, or learns arithmetic seals, or learns the teachings of the sramanas (ascetics) or brahmans (priestly class in ancient India) who generate wrong views, the practices taught by those with wrong views.' I say that such people, although they have learned something and are not without learning, are inferior, of an inherent nature, and not the learning of the wise and holy. If someone cultivates pure faith and love, and is able to learn the practices taught by the Tathagata and the Buddha's disciples, I say that such a person has supreme learning, is able to benefit themselves, and broadly speaking, is able to quickly attain the Dharma essentials as they truly are. This is called supreme learning. What is the supreme conduct? Answer: As the World Honored One said: 'Bhikkhus, you should know that if there is a type of person who practices taming elephants, or taming horses, or taming people, or taming cattle, or fire worship, or moon worship, or sun worship, or medicine worship, or jewel worship, or star palace worship, or practices the conduct upheld by sramanas or brahmans who generate wrong views, those with wrong views.' I say that such people, although they have some conduct and are not without conduct, are of an inherent nature, and not the conduct of the wise and holy. If someone cultivates pure faith and love, and is able to practice the conduct practiced by the Tathagata and the Buddha's disciples, I say that such a person has supreme conduct, is able to benefit themselves, and broadly speaking, is able to quickly attain the Dharma essentials as they truly are. This is called supreme conduct. What is the supreme mindfulness? Answer: As the World Honored One said: 'Bhikkhus, you should know that if there is a type of person who remembers their wife and children, or remembers wealth and grain, or remembers relatives and friends, or remembers the sramanas or brahmans who generate wrong views, those with wrong views, and their --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
邪法。我说彼类，虽有所念非无所念，而是下贱本性异生非贤圣念。若有修植清净信爱，能念如来及佛弟子，我说彼类为念无上，能自利益、能自安乐、能令自身安隐而住超越灾愁灭诸忧苦，疾能证得如理法要。是名念无上。此中世尊说伽他曰： “若得离相应， 安隐无上见， 闻利学行念， 必得趣无忧。” 六观待者，云何为六？答一、观待色；二、观待声；三、观待香；四、观待味；五、观待触；六、观待法。云何观待色？答：若色有漏有取，于此诸色若过去若未来若现在，或欲或贪或瞋或痴，或随一一心所，随烦恼应生时生，是名观待色。声、香、味、触观待亦尔。云何观待法？答：若法有漏有取，于此诸法若过去若未来若现在，或欲或贪或瞋或痴，或随一一心所，随烦恼应生时生，是名观待法。 六生类者，云何为六？答：一、有黑生类补特伽罗生起黑法；二、有黑生类补特伽罗生起白法；三、有黑生类补特伽罗生起非黑非白涅槃法；四、有白生类补特伽罗生起白法；五、有白生类补特伽罗生起黑法；六、有白生类补特伽罗生起非黑非白涅槃法。云何黑生类补特伽罗生起黑法？答：如有一类生贫贱家，谓旃荼罗家广说乃至少饮食家。彼生此家，形容丑陋，人不喜见、众共诃毁，多分 现代汉语译本： 邪法。我说那些人，虽然有所念，但并非没有所念，而是本性与贤圣不同。如果有人修植清净的信心和爱心，能够念如来（Tathagata，佛的称号）以及佛的弟子，我说这些人是念无上，能够自我利益、自我安乐，能够令自身安稳而住，超越灾难忧愁，灭除各种忧苦，迅速能够证得如理的法要。这叫做念无上。这时世尊（Bhagavan，佛的称号）说了偈语： ‘如果能够离相应，安稳无上见，闻利学习行念，必定能够趣向无忧。’ 六观待，什么是六观待？回答：一、观待色（rupa，物质）；二、观待声（shabda，声音）；三、观待香（gandha，气味）；四、观待味（rasa，味道）；五、观待触（sprashtavya，触觉）；六、观待法（dharma，事物、法则）。什么是观待色？回答：如果色是有漏有取的，对于这些色，无论是过去、未来还是现在，或者有欲望、贪婪、嗔恨、愚痴，或者随着每一个心所，随着烦恼应该生起时生起，这叫做观待色。声、香、味、触的观待也是如此。什么是观待法？回答：如果法是有漏有取的，对于这些法，无论是过去、未来还是现在，或者有欲望、贪婪、嗔恨、愚痴，或者随着每一个心所，随着烦恼应该生起时生起，这叫做观待法。 六生类，什么是六生类？回答：一、有黑生类补特伽罗（pudgala，人）生起黑法；二、有黑生类补特伽罗生起白法；三、有黑生类补特伽罗生起非黑非白涅槃（nirvana，寂灭）法；四、有白生类补特伽罗生起白法；五、有白生类补特伽罗生起黑法；六、有白生类补特伽罗生起非黑非白涅槃法。什么是黑生类补特伽罗生起黑法？回答：比如有一类人生在贫贱的家庭，比如旃荼罗（chandalas，贱民）家，乃至少饮食的家庭。他们生在这样的家庭，形容丑陋，人们不喜欢见到，大众共同诃责毁谤，大多
English
English version: Evil doctrines. I say of those kinds of people, although they have thoughts, it's not that they have no thoughts, but their nature is different from the noble and virtuous. If there are those who cultivate pure faith and love, and are able to contemplate the Tathagata (Tathagata, title of the Buddha) and the Buddha's disciples, I say that these kinds of people are contemplating the unsurpassed, able to benefit themselves, bring themselves happiness, able to allow themselves to dwell in peace and stability, transcend calamities and sorrows, extinguish all kinds of suffering, and quickly attain the Dharma essentials as they should be. This is called contemplating the unsurpassed. At this time, the Bhagavan (Bhagavan, title of the Buddha) spoke this verse: 'If one can be free from association, have a peaceful and unsurpassed view, hear of benefits, learn, practice, and contemplate, one will surely be able to go towards freedom from sorrow.' The six objects of observation, what are the six? Answer: One, observing form (rupa, matter); two, observing sound (shabda, sound); three, observing smell (gandha, odor); four, observing taste (rasa, flavor); five, observing touch (sprashtavya, tactile sensation); six, observing dharma (dharma, things, principles). What is observing form? Answer: If form is with outflows and grasping, regarding these forms, whether past, future, or present, or with desire, greed, hatred, or delusion, or following each mental factor, as afflictions should arise, they arise, this is called observing form. Observing sound, smell, taste, and touch is also like this. What is observing dharma? Answer: If dharma is with outflows and grasping, regarding these dharmas, whether past, future, or present, or with desire, greed, hatred, or delusion, or following each mental factor, as afflictions should arise, they arise, this is called observing dharma. The six kinds of birth, what are the six kinds of birth? Answer: One, there is a black birth-type pudgala (pudgala, person) who gives rise to black dharma; two, there is a black birth-type pudgala who gives rise to white dharma; three, there is a black birth-type pudgala who gives rise to non-black non-white Nirvana (nirvana, extinction) dharma; four, there is a white birth-type pudgala who gives rise to white dharma; five, there is a white birth-type pudgala who gives rise to black dharma; six, there is a white birth-type pudgala who gives rise to non-black non-white Nirvana dharma. What is a black birth-type pudgala giving rise to black dharma? Answer: For example, there is a type of person born into a poor and lowly family, such as a chandalas (chandalas, outcastes) family, or even a family with little food. They are born into such a family, their appearance is ugly, people do not like to see them, the masses commonly scold and slander them, mostly --------------------------------------------------------------------------------