English
English version Venerable Sariputra said: Tripitaka Master Xuanzang, by imperial decree, translated: Chapter Seven, Part Two: Six Dharmas What are the six aspects of the 'thoughts conforming to the clear division'? Answer: 1. The thought of impermanence (Anicca-sañña); 2. The thought of impermanence and suffering (Anicca-dukkha-sañña); 3. The thought of suffering and no-self (Dukkha-anatta-sañña); 4. The thought of disgust with food (Ahare-patikkula-sañña); 5. The thought that all the world is undesirable (Sabba-loke-anabhirati-sañña); 6. The thought of death (Marana-sati). Among these, the explanation of the five thoughts is as described in the 'thoughts of mature liberation'. What is the 'thought that all the world is undesirable'? Answer: 'The world' refers to the five aggregates of clinging (Panca-upadanakkhandha), namely, the aggregate of form (Rupa-upadanakkhandha) up to the aggregate of consciousness (Viññana-upadanakkhandha). Some monks (Bhikkhu), regarding the five aggregates of clinging, mindfully and deliberately contemplate with consideration, contemplate with fear, contemplate with undesirability, contemplate with unpleasingness. When they contemplate the five aggregates of clinging in this way, the thoughts, similar thoughts, present similar thoughts, past and future thoughts that arise are called the 'thought that all the world is undesirable'. Question: Why is it called 'thoughts conforming to the clear division'? Answer: There are three kinds of clarity (明). 1. The proof of the wisdom of past lives of the non-learner (无学宿住智证明); 2. The proof of the wisdom of death and rebirth of the non-learner (无学死生智证明); 3. The proof of the wisdom of the exhaustion of outflows of the non-learner (无学漏尽智证明). Through the preceding six thoughts, these three clarities, if not yet arisen, arise; if already arisen, increase and expand. Therefore, they are called 'thoughts conforming to the clear division'. What are the six recollections (随念)? Answer: 1. Recollection of the Buddha (Buddhanussati); 2. Recollection of the Dharma (Dhammanussati); 3. Recollection of the Sangha (Sanghanussati); 4. Recollection of virtue (Silanussati); 5. Recollection of generosity (Caganussati); 6. Recollection of the deities (Devanussati). What is the recollection of the Buddha? Answer: As the World-Honored One (Bhagavan) said: 'Monks, know that a noble disciple, regarding the World-Honored One, recollects the Buddhas in this way: This World-Honored One is the Thus-Come One (Tathagata), the Worthy One (Arhat), (and so on) the Buddha, the Blessed One (Bhagavan).' If a noble disciple recollects the Buddhas in this way, with seeing as the foundation, corresponding to the wisdom of realization, the thoughts, recollections, distinct thoughts, memories, the nature of thought, the nature of recollection, the nature of distinct thought, the nature of non-forgetting, the nature of non-forgetting the Dharma, the nature of clear mindfulness, are called the recollection of the Buddha. What is the recollection of the Dharma? Answer: As the World-Honored One said: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
：苾刍当知，有圣弟子以如是相随念正法，谓佛正法善说，乃至知者内证。若圣弟子以如是相，随念正法见为根本，证智相应广说如前，是名法随念。云何僧随念？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，有圣弟子以如是相随念诸僧，谓佛弟子具足妙行，广说乃至无上福田世所应供。若圣弟子以如是相随念诸僧，见为根本、证智相应，广说如前，是名僧随念。云何戒随念？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，有圣弟子以如是相随念自戒，谓此净戒无缺无隙，广说乃至诸有智者称赞无毁。若圣弟子以如是相随念自戒，见为根本、证智相应，广说如前，是名戒随念。云何舍随念？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，有圣弟子以如是相随念自舍，谓我善得无染财利，我于悭垢所缚众中能离悭垢心无染着，舒手惠施所有财物，弃舍财物心无所顾，分布施与心无偏党。若圣弟子以如是相随念自舍，见为根本、证智相应，广说如前，是名舍随念。云何天随念？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，有圣弟子以如是相随念诸天，谓有四大王众天、有三十三天、有夜摩天、有睹史多天、有乐变化天、有他化自在天。若有成就无倒信戒闻舍慧者，从此舍命得生彼天；我亦成就无倒信戒闻舍慧善，云何不得当生彼天？若圣弟子以如是相随念诸天，见为根本、证智相应，诸念随念、别 现代汉语译本： 比丘应当知道，有圣弟子以这样的方式随念正法，即佛陀的正法善妙宣说，乃至有智慧的人自己可以证悟。如果圣弟子以这样的方式随念正法，以正见为根本，与证智相应，详细的解说如前所述，这叫做法随念。 什么是僧随念？回答：如世尊所说：比丘应当知道，有圣弟子以这样的方式随念诸僧（僧伽，佛教僧团），即佛陀的弟子们具足妙行，详细的解说乃至是无上的福田，世间所应供养。如果圣弟子以这样的方式随念诸僧，以正见为根本，与证智相应，详细的解说如前所述，这叫做僧随念。 什么是戒随念？回答：如世尊所说：比丘应当知道，有圣弟子以这样的方式随念自己的戒律，即这清净的戒律没有缺失没有瑕疵，详细的解说乃至被有智慧的人称赞没有毁谤。如果圣弟子以这样的方式随念自己的戒律，以正见为根本，与证智相应，详细的解说如前所述，这叫做戒随念。 什么是舍随念？回答：如世尊所说：比丘应当知道，有圣弟子以这样的方式随念自己的布施，即我善于获得没有染污的财利，我在被悭吝污垢所束缚的众人中能够远离悭吝的污垢，内心没有染着，伸出手来惠施所有的财物，舍弃财物内心没有顾虑，普遍地施与，内心没有偏袒。如果圣弟子以这样的方式随念自己的布施，以正见为根本，与证智相应，详细的解说如前所述，这叫做舍随念。 什么是天随念？回答：如世尊所说：比丘应当知道，有圣弟子以这样的方式随念诸天（天神），即有四大王众天（四大天王所居住的天界）、有三十三天（帝释天所居住的天界）、有夜摩天（无时天）、有睹史多天（妙足天）、有乐变化天（化乐天）、有他化自在天（他化自在天）。如果有人成就了没有颠倒的信、戒、闻、舍、慧，从此舍弃生命能够往生到那些天界；我也成就了没有颠倒的信、戒、闻、舍、慧的善行，为什么不能够往生到那些天界呢？如果圣弟子以这样的方式随念诸天，以正见为根本，与证智相应，各种随念、分别
English
English version: Bhikkhus should know that a noble disciple recollects the Dharma in this way, namely, the Buddha's Dharma is well-spoken, even to the point that the wise can realize it for themselves. If a noble disciple recollects the Dharma in this way, with right view as the foundation, corresponding to the wisdom of realization, explained in detail as before, this is called Dharma-recollection. What is Sangha-recollection? The answer: As the World Honored One said: Bhikkhus should know that a noble disciple recollects the Sangha (the Buddhist monastic community) in this way, namely, the Buddha's disciples are endowed with excellent conduct, explained in detail even to the point of being a supreme field of merit, worthy of offerings from the world. If a noble disciple recollects the Sangha in this way, with right view as the foundation, corresponding to the wisdom of realization, explained in detail as before, this is called Sangha-recollection. What is Sila-recollection? The answer: As the World Honored One said: Bhikkhus should know that a noble disciple recollects their own precepts in this way, namely, these pure precepts are without deficiency or flaw, explained in detail even to the point of being praised by the wise and without reproach. If a noble disciple recollects their own precepts in this way, with right view as the foundation, corresponding to the wisdom of realization, explained in detail as before, this is called Sila-recollection. What is Dana-recollection? The answer: As the World Honored One said: Bhikkhus should know that a noble disciple recollects their own generosity in this way, namely, I am good at obtaining undefiled wealth and benefit, and among those bound by the defilement of stinginess, I am able to be free from the defilement of stinginess, with a mind free from attachment, extending my hand to bestow all my possessions, abandoning possessions with no concern in my heart, distributing and giving without partiality. If a noble disciple recollects their own generosity in this way, with right view as the foundation, corresponding to the wisdom of realization, explained in detail as before, this is called Dana-recollection. What is Deva-recollection? The answer: As the World Honored One said: Bhikkhus should know that a noble disciple recollects the Devas (gods) in this way, namely, there are the Cāturmahārājika Devas (the heaven of the Four Great Kings), the Trāyastriṃśa Devas (the heaven of the Thirty-three), the Yama Devas (the heaven of Yama), the Tuṣita Devas (the heaven of the Contented), the Nirmāṇarati Devas (the heaven of those who delight in creation), and the Paranirmita-vaśavartin Devas (the heaven of those who have power over the creations of others). If someone has accomplished unwavering faith, morality, learning, generosity, and wisdom, they can be reborn in those heavens after abandoning this life; I have also accomplished the good deeds of unwavering faith, morality, learning, generosity, and wisdom, why should I not be able to be reborn in those heavens? If a noble disciple recollects the Devas in this way, with right view as the foundation, corresponding to the wisdom of realization, various recollections and distinctions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
念、忆念，念性、随念性、别念性、不忘性、不忘法性、心明记性，是名天随念。 六无上法者，云何为六？一、见无上；二、闻无上；三、利无上；四、学无上；五、行无上；六、念无上。云何见无上？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，如有一类补特伽罗，往观轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、主藏臣宝、主兵臣宝，或复往观若沙门若婆罗门发起邪见邪见行者，我说彼类虽有所见非无所见，而是下贱本性异生非贤圣见。若有修植清净信爱，往观如来或佛弟子，我说彼类为无上见，能自利益、能自安乐、能令自身安隐而住超越灾愁灭诸忧苦，疾能证得如理法要。是名见无上。云何闻无上？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，如有一类补特伽罗，往听象声马声、车声步声、螺声大小鼓声、呼叫声歌舞声伎乐声，或复往听若沙门若婆罗门发起邪见邪见行者所说邪法。我说彼类，虽有所闻非无所闻，而是下贱本性异生非贤圣闻。若有修植清净信爱，往听如来或佛弟子所说正法，我说彼类为无上闻，能自利益，广说乃至疾能证得如理法要。是名闻无上。云何利无上？答：如世尊说：苾刍当知，如有一类补特伽罗，或得妻子、或得珍财、或得诸谷、或行亲友，或于沙门若婆罗门发起邪见邪见行者得深信乐。我说彼类，虽名得利非不得利， 现代汉语译本 念、忆念，念性、随念性、别念性、不忘性、不忘法性、心明记性，这被称为天随念。 六无上法是什么？ 答：一、见无上；二、闻无上；三、利无上；四、学无上；五、行无上；六、念无上。什么是见无上？ 答：正如世尊所说：‘比丘们应当知道，如果有一类补特伽罗（Pudgala，人），去观看轮宝、象宝、马宝、珠宝、女宝、主藏臣宝、主兵臣宝，或者去观看那些沙门（Shramana，出家修行者）或婆罗门（Brahmana，祭司），他们发起邪见，奉行邪见。’我说这类人虽然有所见，但并非没有所见，而是凡夫俗子的本性，不是贤圣的见解。如果有人修植清净的信心和爱心，去观看如来（Tathagata，佛）或佛的弟子，我说这类人为无上见，能够自我利益，能够自我安乐，能够使自身安稳而住，超越灾难和忧愁，灭除各种忧苦，迅速能够证得如理的法要。这被称为见无上。什么是闻无上？ 答：正如世尊所说：‘比丘们应当知道，如果有一类补特伽罗，去听象声、马声、车声、步声、螺声、大小鼓声、呼叫声、歌舞声、伎乐声，或者去听那些沙门或婆罗门，他们发起邪见，奉行邪见，所说的邪法。’我说这类人，虽然有所闻，但并非没有所闻，而是凡夫俗子的本性，不是贤圣的听闻。如果有人修植清净的信心和爱心，去听如来或佛的弟子所说的正法，我说这类人为无上闻，能够自我利益，（内容同上）广泛地说乃至迅速能够证得如理的法要。这被称为闻无上。什么是利无上？ 答：正如世尊所说：‘比丘们应当知道，如果有一类补特伽罗，或者得到妻子，或者得到珍贵的财物，或者得到各种谷物，或者亲近亲友，或者对于那些沙门或婆罗门，他们发起邪见，奉行邪见，得到深深的信乐。’我说这类人，虽然名为得到利益，并非没有得到利益，