English
English version: 'Kashyapa Buddha (one of the past seven Buddhas) and the present World Honored One (Sakyamuni Buddha).' The Buddha said to Ananda (one of the Buddha's ten great disciples): 'Good, good! Even if I don't say it, you will naturally know.' At that time, the World Honored One immediately took his seat and again said to Ananda: 'This place is the temple where Kashyapa Buddha lived, this is where he walked, this is the corridor, gate, house, and place for washing feet, this is the clean kitchen area, this is the bathroom area, you should know.' At that time, Upali (one of the Buddha's ten great disciples, foremost in upholding the precepts) said to the Buddha: 'World Honored One! As you said, there are clean and unclean lands, I don't know to what extent is considered clean or unclean?' The Buddha said: 'Even when the Proper Dharma abides in the world, there is clean and unclean. If the Proper Dharma perishes, then all is unclean.' 'World Honored One! To what extent is it considered that the Proper Dharma abides in the world? How is it considered to have perished?' The Buddha told Upali: 'Even if there are those who uphold Karma (Buddhist rituals), and those who practice as taught, this is called the Proper Dharma abiding in the world. If there are no people who uphold Karma, and no people who practice as taught, this is called the Proper Dharma perishing.' Again he asked the Buddha: 'If the supreme master is outside the Sima (Buddhist term, referring to the boundary of a monastery), can a Bhiksu (Buddhist monk) uphold Karma?' The Buddha said: 'No.' 'If the master is within the Sima, can others uphold Karma?' The Buddha said: 'Yes.' 'Also, can the number of the World Honored One's feet be used to make up the number of the Sangha?' The Buddha said: 'No, because the nature of the Buddha Jewel and the Sangha Jewel are different.' 'For an insurmountable boundary, can it be crossed?' The Buddha said: 'No.' 'Great Virtue! I don't know how many kinds of insurmountable boundaries there are?' The Buddha said: 'There are five kinds: namely, the Bhiksu boundary, the Bhiksuni (Buddhist nun) boundary, the small altar, the place where water is currently stopped, and the middle of the two boundaries.' 'Great Virtue! If there is a deep trench or river, which is an insurmountable boundary, can it be crossed?' The Buddha said: 'If there is always a bridge, crossing it is not a fault.' 'If the bridge is broken, until when is it considered not to have lost the boundary?' The Buddha said: 'It can be up to seven nights. This refers to the situation where there is an intention to repair it; if there is no intention to repair it, the boundary is lost immediately upon the bridge's destruction.' 'If a Bhiksu is in the process of establishing a boundary, and the person upholding Karma suddenly passes away, will the establishment of the boundary be successful?' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ？”佛言：“若知标相，所作羯磨已秉多分，此虽命过得成结界。若未知标相，所秉羯磨未过多分，此时命终，不成结界。”“若苾刍尼结界，成不？”“准此应知。” 第五子摄颂曰： 地墙等秉事、 结界无与欲， 但于一处坐， 得为四羯磨。 缘在室罗伐城。具寿邬波离请世尊曰：“在地居人，共地居者遥秉羯磨，得成秉不？”佛言：“不成，与欲得成。”“大德！在地之人与墙头者共秉羯磨，得成秉不？”佛言：“不成。”“大德！在地之人与树上者共秉羯磨，得成秉不？”佛言：“不成。”“大德！在地之人与居空者共秉羯磨，得成秉不？”佛言：“不成。应知以树墙空为头，各有四句亦如是。”“如世尊说：‘有百一羯磨’，几合与欲？几不合与欲？”佛言：“唯除结界，余并与欲。”“大德！若以神变幻术而作标相，得为标不？”佛言：“不得，神力幻术非实有故。”“或以日月星宿为标相者，得成标不？”佛言：“不得，日月星宿非定住故。”“若以水波浪，得成标不？”佛言：“不得，由其波浪疾移转故。”“若苾刍为他持欲净乘空而去，此得名为持欲净不？”佛言：“不成，应更取欲。”“若有苾刍秉一羯磨，于四住处并得成不？”佛言：“得。如其四界，各有四人事 { "translations": [ "现代汉语译本", '佛说：‘如果知道标相（nimitta，结界的标志），所作的羯磨（kamma，僧团事务）已经进行过半，即使此时命终，也能完成结界。如果不知道标相，所进行的羯磨还未过半，此时命终，就不能完成结界。’', '‘如果比丘尼（bhikkhuni，女性出家人）结界，能成功吗？’', '‘参照上述情况，应该可以知道。’', '', '第五子摄颂说：', '土地墙壁等秉持事务，结界无需征求同意，', '只需坐于一处，就能进行四种羯磨。', '', '因缘发生在室罗伐城（Savatthi）。具寿邬波离（Upali）请问世尊：‘住在地上的人，与住在地上的人遥秉羯磨，能够成功秉持吗？’', '佛说：‘不能成功，给予同意才能成功。’', '‘大德！住在地上的人与住在墙头上的人共同秉持羯磨，能够成功秉持吗？’', '佛说：‘不能成功。’', '‘大德！住在地上的人与住在树上的人共同秉持羯磨，能够成功秉持吗？’', '佛说：‘不能成功。’', '‘大德！住在地上的人与住在空中居住的人共同秉持羯磨，能够成功秉持吗？’', '佛说：‘不能成功。应该知道以树、墙、空为首，各有四句也是如此。’', '‘如世尊所说：‘有一百零一种羯磨’，其中有多少种需要征求同意？有多少种不需要征求同意？’', '佛说：‘除了结界，其余都需要征求同意。’', '‘大德！如果用神通幻术来作为标相，可以作为标相吗？’', '佛说：‘不可以，因为神通幻术不是真实存在的。’', '‘或者用日月星宿作为标相，可以成为标相吗？’', '佛说：‘不可以，因为日月星宿不是固定不动的。’', '‘如果用水的波浪作为标相，可以成为标相吗？’', '佛说：‘不可以，因为波浪移动迅速。’', '‘如果有比丘（bhikkhu，男性出家人）为他人持同意票，清净地乘空而去，这个人可以被称为持同意票者吗？’', '佛说：‘不可以，应该重新取得同意。’', '‘如果有比丘秉持一种羯磨，在四个住处都能成功吗？’', '佛说：‘可以。如同四个结界，各有四种人事。’" ], "english_translations": [ "English version", 'The Buddha said, \'If the marker (nimitta, sign for boundary) is known, and the kamma (kamma, monastic business) performed is mostly completed, the boundary is established even if one dies at that moment. If the marker is not known, and the kamma performed is not mostly completed, the boundary is not established if one dies at that moment.\'', '\'If a bhikkhuni (bhikkhuni, female monastic) establishes a boundary, is it established?\'', '\'It should be known according to this.\'', '', 'The fifth section\'s summary verse says:', 'Land, walls, etc., uphold the matter, boundary establishment needs no consent,', 'Just sitting in one place, one can perform four kammas.', '', 'The circumstance occurred in Savatthi. The Venerable Upali asked the World-Honored One, \'Can those dwelling on the ground, remotely upholding kamma with those dwelling on the ground, successfully uphold it?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'It cannot be successful; giving consent makes it successful.\'', '\'Venerable Sir, can those dwelling on the ground, jointly upholding kamma with those dwelling on the wall, successfully uphold it?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'It cannot.\'', '\'Venerable Sir, can those dwelling on the ground, jointly upholding kamma with those dwelling on the tree, successfully uphold it?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'It cannot.\'', '\'Venerable Sir, can those dwelling on the ground, jointly upholding kamma with those dwelling in the air, successfully uphold it?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'It cannot. It should be known that starting with trees, walls, and the air, each has four statements like this.\'', '\'As the World-Honored One said, \'There are one hundred and one kammas,\' how many require consent? How many do not require consent?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'Except for boundary establishment, all others require consent.\'', '\'Venerable Sir, if a marker is made using magical powers, can it be a marker?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'It cannot, because magical powers are not real.\'', '\'Or if the sun, moon, and stars are used as markers, can they become markers?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'They cannot, because the sun, moon, and stars are not fixed.\'', '\'If water waves are used as markers, can they become markers?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'They cannot, because the waves move quickly.\'', '\'If a bhikkhu (bhikkhu, male monastic) carries consent for another, purely going through the air, can this person be called a consent-holder?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'It cannot; consent should be obtained again.\'', '\'If a bhikkhu upholds one kamma, can it be successful in four places?\'', 'The Buddha said, \'It can. Like the four boundaries, each has four personnel matters.\'" ] } --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
现前者，各于其处别置三人。时秉法者，或席、或床、或板、或荐，压四界上而秉羯磨。以秉法者添彼四数，咸成作法。如是若于四界，有别事起，作七羯磨等，谓驱摈羯磨、今怖羯磨、折伏羯磨、求谢羯磨、不见罪羯磨、不如法悔羯磨、不舍恶见羯磨。若作此等羯磨之时，其秉法人，在彼四界角相近处，若以席板床荐总压而坐，秉法皆成。” 第六子摄颂曰： 大界两驿半， 下水上山巅， 异见明相过， 五众受七日。 具寿邬波离请世尊曰：“如世尊说：‘应结大界’者，齐几许来是大界量？”佛言：“大界者，齐两逾膳那半，应可结之(言逾膳那者，当三十里，是此一驿，由旬者讹也。欲令易了故有言驿之处)。”“若过两逾膳那半亦是界不？”佛言：“若过非界。”“向下齐何名为大界？”佛言：“齐至水来名为大界。”“两逾膳那半外方至水者，此之剩处得名界不？”佛言：“不是。”“向上齐何名为大界？”佛言：“上至树抄或齐墙头，名为界分。”“大德！两逾膳那半外方至抄头，斯之剩处得名界不？”佛言：“不是。”“若上山巅，齐何名界？”佛言：“齐其水处。”“两驿半外方至其水，亦名界不？”佛言：“不是。”“世尊！若于夏中僧伽破坏。时有苾刍故从法党向非 现代汉语译本：现在，（在每个小界内）各自在不同的地方安置三个人。当时主持羯磨（Karma，佛教仪式）的人，或坐在席子上、或坐在床上、或坐在木板上、或坐在草垫上，压在四个小界的边界上主持羯磨。以主持羯磨的人加入那四个小界的人数，全部都构成作法（仪式完成的条件）。像这样，如果在四个小界内，有其他事情发生，就做七种羯磨等，即驱摈羯磨（驱逐出僧团的仪式）、今怖羯磨（使人恐惧的仪式）、折伏羯磨（降伏的仪式）、求谢羯磨（请求宽恕的仪式）、不见罪羯磨（不见罪行的仪式）、不如法悔羯磨（不如法的忏悔仪式）、不舍恶见羯磨（不舍弃错误见解的仪式）。如果做这些羯磨的时候，那些主持羯磨的人，在四个小界的角落附近，如果用席子、木板、床、草垫全部压着而坐，主持羯磨就都算完成。” 第六子摄颂说： 大界两驿半，下水上山巅，异见明相过，五众受七日。 具寿邬波离（Upali，佛陀的十大弟子之一，持戒第一）请问世尊说：‘如世尊所说：‘应该结大界’，那么多少范围才算大界的量？’佛说：‘大界，达到两逾膳那半（Yojana，古印度长度单位，此处指三十里）的范围，就可以结界（建立结界）。’（说逾膳那，应当是三十里，这是此地的一驿，由旬是讹传。为了容易理解，所以说驿的地方）。‘如果超过两逾膳那半，也算是界吗？’佛说：‘如果超过就不是界。’‘向下到什么程度才算大界？’佛说：‘到水为止，称为大界。’‘两逾膳那半之外，到达水的地方，这多余的地方可以称为界吗？’佛说：‘不是。’‘向上到什么程度才算大界？’佛说：‘向上到树梢或者到墙头，称为界限。’‘大德！两逾膳那半之外，到达树梢，这多余的地方可以称为界吗？’佛说：‘不是。’‘如果上到山顶，到什么程度算界？’佛说：‘到有水的地方。’‘两驿半之外，到达有水的地方，也算界吗？’佛说：‘不是。’‘世尊！如果在夏天僧团发生分裂，当时有比丘故意从法党（支持正法的团体）走向非法
English
English version: Now, in each of their respective places (within each small boundary), three people should be placed separately. At that time, those who preside over the Karma (Buddhist ritual), either sit on mats, beds, boards, or cushions, pressing on the boundaries of the four small boundaries to preside over the Karma. By adding those who preside over the Karma to the number of those four small boundaries, all constitute the completion of the procedure (conditions for the completion of the ritual). In this way, if other matters arise within the four small boundaries, then seven types of Karma, such as the expelling Karma (ritual of expelling from the Sangha), the frightening Karma (ritual of causing fear), the subduing Karma (ritual of subduing), the requesting forgiveness Karma (ritual of requesting forgiveness), the unseen offense Karma (ritual of unseen offense), the improper repentance Karma (ritual of improper repentance), and the not abandoning evil views Karma (ritual of not abandoning evil views), are performed. If these Karmas are performed, those who preside over the Karma, near the corners of those four boundaries, if they sit pressing down with mats, boards, beds, and cushions, the presiding over the Karma is all considered complete.' The sixth son's summary verse says: 'Large boundary two and a half Yojanas, down to water, up to mountain peak, differing views, clear signs pass, five assemblies receive seven days.' The Venerable Upali (one of the Buddha's ten great disciples, foremost in upholding the precepts) asked the World Honored One: 'As the World Honored One said: 'A large boundary should be established,' how much range is considered the measure of a large boundary?' The Buddha said: 'A large boundary, reaching two and a half Yojanas (Yojana, an ancient Indian unit of length, here referring to thirty li), should be established (the saying Yojana should be thirty li, this is one post here, Yujun is a corruption. To make it easy to understand, therefore, there are places where it is said to be a post). 'If it exceeds two and a half Yojanas, is it also considered a boundary?' The Buddha said: 'If it exceeds, it is not a boundary.' 'Downward, to what extent is it considered a large boundary?' The Buddha said: 'Up to the water, it is called a large boundary.' 'Outside of two and a half Yojanas, reaching the water, can this extra place be called a boundary?' The Buddha said: 'It is not.' 'Upward, to what extent is it considered a large boundary?' The Buddha said: 'Upward to the treetop or to the top of the wall, it is called a boundary.' 'Great Virtue! Outside of two and a half Yojanas, reaching the treetop, can this extra place be called a boundary?' The Buddha said: 'It is not.' 'If going up to the mountain peak, to what extent is it considered a boundary?' The Buddha said: 'To the place where there is water.' 'Outside of two and a half posts, reaching the place where there is water, is it also considered a boundary?' The Buddha said: 'It is not.' 'World Honored One! If the Sangha splits during the summer, and at that time there is a Bhikshu intentionally going from the Dharma party (group supporting the correct Dharma) towards the illegal' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------