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KMG042 0005.A Concise Commentary on the Pratimoksha Sutra A Stairway to Definitive Goodness.·A Concise Commentary on the Pratimoksha Sutra A Stairway to Definitive Goodness..g2.0f

Chinese

关于贸易的舍堕: 此外,无论像六群比丘一样的任何比丘,如果进行除珍宝以外的各种贸易,则犯舍堕罪。 第三组十事分为二:以总义略说,以及分别详细解释自性。 第一部分是:总义中,持有钵,以及寻找(钵)两种,织布两种,即令织布和扩大织布规模,夺取已施予的衣服,季末小月,即因迟延而生,离开寺院者,以及夏季大布所制,改变已供养之物,以及储蓄的舍堕。 第二部分有十事,第一,持有钵的舍堕:此外,比丘应持有自己加持过的钵以外的剩余的钵十天。超过这个期限持有,在第十一天的黎明升起时,犯舍堕罪。 第二,寻找钵的舍堕:此外,像难陀一样的比丘,在没有五处破损的钵,有可享用的情况下,为了想要好的钵,而去寻找其他的新的钵,如果得到了钵,则犯舍堕罪。如何忏悔呢?忏悔罪的比丘应将多余的钵布施给比丘僧团。比丘僧团中最后得到的钵,应给予该比丘,并这样说:比丘,你不应该加持这个钵,不应该送给别人,不应该布施给别人,而应该慢慢地、一点一点地用到最终破损为止。这是给予的方式,对于该学处,这就是仪轨。 第三,令织布的舍堕:此外,像难陀一样的比丘,如果自己用手向他人乞讨的粗布,让不是七代亲属的织布工织布,如果布完成了,则犯舍堕罪。 第四,扩大织布规模的舍堕:为了像难陀一样的比丘,如果施主或施主的妻子不是亲属,让不是亲属的织布工织布,如果对于该比丘,在之前没有告知的情况下,产生了一些想法,认为织布工不是亲属

English

The relinquishment regarding trade: Furthermore, any monk, such as one of the group of six, who engages in various forms of trade other than precious jewels, commits an offense of relinquishment. The third set of ten is divided into two: a brief explanation by summary, and a detailed explanation of the individual entities. The first is: In the summary, holding a bowl, and seeking (a bowl), two types; weaving, two types, namely, causing to weave and expanding the scale of weaving; taking back clothes that have been given; the small month at the end of the season, that is, arising from delay; one who leaves the monastery; and that which is made from large summer cloth; changing what has been dedicated; and the relinquishments of hoarding. The second has ten parts, the first, the relinquishment of holding a bowl: Furthermore, a monk should hold a remaining bowl other than his own blessed bowl for ten days. If he holds it beyond that, when the dawn of the eleventh day rises, he commits an offense of relinquishment. Second, the relinquishment of seeking a bowl: Furthermore, a monk like Nanda, who, without a bowl that is without five patches, while having one that is fit to be used, seeks another new bowl because he desires a good one, and if he obtains the bowl, he commits an offense of relinquishment. How is the offense rectified? The monk who confesses the offense should give the extra bowl to the community of monks. Whichever is the last bowl obtained by that community of monks, it should be given to that monk, and saying this: Monk, you should not bless this bowl, you should not send it to others, you should not give it to others, but you should use it slowly, little by little, until it is completely broken. This is the way of giving, and for that training, this is the ritual. Third, the relinquishment of causing to weave: Furthermore, a monk like Nanda, if he causes a weaver who is not a relative up to seven generations to weave coarse cloth that he himself has begged from others, if the cloth is finished, he commits an offense of relinquishment. Fourth, the relinquishment of expanding the scale of weaving: For a monk like Nanda, if a householder or the wife of a householder who is not a relative causes a weaver who is not a relative to weave cloth, if for that monk, without having been informed beforehand, some thoughts arise that the weaver is not a relative.

Chinese

去到织工那里,说出扩大织布范围的这些话语:有寿者织工,要知道,这件衣服是为我而织的。有寿者织工,把这件衣服做得幅面宽大,长度足够,边缘的缝隙平整,织得结实,没有松散等瑕疵。有寿者织工,我将这样给你工钱:五份食物,或大约五份配料,或少许食物。说完后,如果比丘为了制作衣服而给予织工这样的工钱:食物或配料,或少许食物,并且衣服已经完成,则犯舍堕罪。第五,抢夺的舍堕:再者,无论哪个像嘎瓦一样的比丘,将衣服给予持法比丘,不允许取回,之后,他变得愤怒、激动、傲慢,心怀不满,自己抢夺衣服,或让别人抢夺,并对比丘说出抢夺衣服的这些话语:我不给你衣服,把衣服还给我。如果那个地方的比丘有多余的衣服,应该归还,如果(比丘)在与身体分离时(死亡),则犯舍堕罪。第六,因意外而产生的舍堕:比丘在秋季末月(藏历九月)的持戒结束之前,如果想要获得因意外而产生的衣服,比如给予病人的衣服,则比丘应该接受那件衣服。接受后,应该持有到给予衣服的时间。那么,给予衣服的时间是何时,不是何时呢?在没有承诺的地点,到秋季末月为止是时间,其余不是时间。在承诺的地点,从秋季中月十五日到春季中月十五日是时间,其余不是时间。如果超过这个时间持有,则犯舍堕罪。第七,住在寂静处的舍堕:两个或两个以上的比丘,在住所,即寺庙,远离村庄一由旬的寂静处,那里有强盗抢劫的担忧,或有狮子等恐惧,或有蚊子等各种恐惧,是容易产生恐惧的地方,如果他们承诺了后来的雨季安居

English

Going to the weaver, saying these words to expand the scope of weaving: "O venerable weaver, know that this cloth is being woven for me. O venerable weaver, make this cloth wide in width, long enough in length, with even edges, well-woven, without looseness, etc. O venerable weaver, I will give you this as payment: five portions of food, or about five portions of ingredients, or a little food." Having said this, if a monk gives the weaver such payment for making the cloth: food or ingredients, or a little food, and the cloth is completed, it is an offense of expiation involving forfeiture. Fifth, the expiation involving forfeiture of seizing back: Furthermore, whichever monk, like Gawa, gives cloth to a Dharma-holding monk, not allowing it to be taken back, and afterwards becomes angry, agitated, arrogant, and displeased, seizes the cloth himself, or has others seize it, and says these words of seizing the cloth to the monk: "I will not give you the cloth, give the cloth back." If that local monk has extra cloth, it should be returned, and if (the monk) at the time of separation from the body (death), it is an offense of expiation involving forfeiture. Sixth, the expiation involving forfeiture arising from unexpected circumstances: If a monk wants to obtain cloth arising from unexpected circumstances, such as cloth given to a sick person, before the end of the autumn month (ninth month of the Tibetan calendar), the monk should accept that cloth. Having accepted it, it should be kept until the time of giving the cloth. So, what is the time for giving the cloth, and what is not? In a place where there is no commitment, up to the end of the autumn month is the time, and the rest is not the time. In a place where there is a commitment, from the fifteenth day of the middle autumn month to the fifteenth day of the middle spring month is the time, and the rest is not the time. If it is kept beyond this time, it is an offense of expiation involving forfeiture. Seventh, the expiation involving forfeiture for those dwelling in solitary places: Two or more monks, in a dwelling, that is, a monastery, in a solitary place one league away from the village, where there is fear of robbers plundering, or fear of lions, etc., or various fears of mosquitoes, etc., a place where fear is likely to arise, if they commit to the later summer retreat

Chinese

也是因为晚期夏季讨论的基础。但并非一定是堕落的必要条件。如果比丘想要住在寺院里,应该把三件法衣中的任何一件放在其他人家里。如果比丘住在寺院里,因为僧团的事务等原因需要到结界之外去,如果出现这样的情况,那么比丘住在寺院里,可以在六天之内把法衣放在其他人家里,并且可以离开结界之外。如果超过这个时间,第七天黎明到来时,就会犯舍堕罪。第八,舍弃夏季大布衣:比丘们在萨迦月剩余一个月时,从夏季的第一个月开始,就应该寻找夏季的大布衣。夏季结束后,可以持有半个月,直到仲秋时节。如果比丘在萨迦月剩余一个月之前寻找夏季的大布衣,或者夏季结束后持有超过半个月,就会犯舍堕罪。第九,舍弃回向转变:如果像涅尔瓦这样的比丘,明知故犯地将回向给佛陀声闻僧团的衣物利益转为自己所有,就会犯舍堕罪。第十,舍弃储存:世尊为了生病的比丘们的利益,开示了应该分别使用的药物,例如融化的酥油、油、蜂蜜和糖蜜。如果生病的比丘想要,可以在第七天自己加持,并通过储存来享用。如果超过这个时间享用,第八天黎明到来时,就会犯舍堕罪。第二,总结:诸位具寿,我已经念诵完了三十条舍堕法。第三,宣布决议:对此,我要问诸位具寿,你们对此清净吗?我要问两遍、三遍,你们对此清净吗?如果诸位具寿对此清净,就这样保持沉默。

English

Also, it is because of the basis of the late summer discussion. But it is not necessarily a requirement for falling. If a monk wants to live in a monastery, he should put any of the three robes in another person's house. If a monk living in a monastery needs to go outside the boundary for the sake of Sangha affairs, etc., if such a situation occurs, then the monk living in the monastery can put the robe in another person's house within six days, and it is permissible to leave the boundary. If he leaves beyond that time, when the dawn of the seventh day arrives, he will commit a Nissaggiya Pacittiya offense. Eighth, relinquishing the great summer cloth: Monks should look for the great summer cloth from the first month of summer when one month remains of the Soga months. After the summer is over, it can be held for half a month until the middle autumn season. If a monk looks for the great summer cloth before one month remains of the Soga months, or holds it for more than half a month after the summer is over, he will commit a Nissaggiya Pacittiya offense. Ninth, relinquishing dedication and transformation: If a monk like Nyerva knowingly transforms the benefits of clothing dedicated to the Buddha's Shravaka Sangha for his own use, he will commit a Nissaggiya Pacittiya offense. Tenth, relinquishing storage: The Blessed One, for the benefit of sick monks, taught which medicines should be used separately, such as melted ghee, oil, honey, and molasses. If a sick monk wants, he can bless it himself on the seventh day and enjoy it through storage. If he enjoys it beyond that time, when the dawn of the eighth day arrives, he will commit a Nissaggiya Pacittiya offense. Second, conclusion: Venerable ones, I have finished reciting the thirty Nissaggiya Pacittiya Dharmas. Third, announcing the resolution: Regarding this, I ask you, venerable ones, are you pure in this? I ask twice, three times, are you pure in this? If you, venerable ones, are pure in this, then remain silent.

Chinese

因此,应当如是受持。第二,宣说唯堕罪,共有四部分: общей 纲要的引导,各自的体性详细解说,结尾,以及分类的宣告。第一部分是 общей 纲要。 общей 纲要包括:明知故犯地说谎等,以及毁坏种子等;未经比丘尼请求而说法等;反复吃东西等;享用带有生物的水等;在家中断食等;故意杀死牲畜等;与众多强盗一同在路上行走等;以及在没有告知的情况下参加供养宴请等。第二部分有九个十个一组的内容。第一个十个一组的内容有三个部分:以总纲引导,堕罪宣说的依据,以及各自的体性详细解说。第一部分是总纲:说谎,说缺点,对比丘进行挑拨离间,制造后悔,说法,念诵佛经,说恶劣之处,说人的殊胜之法为真实,做朋友情面,以及特别杀害。第二部分是:诸位具寿,这些九十条堕罪之法,都是在每半月诵读的别解脱经中出现的。第三部分有十个,第一个是明知故犯地说谎:比如像火施生那样,明知故犯地将真实的认知转变为说谎,在理解意义时会犯堕罪。第二个是说缺点:比如像六群比丘那样的比丘,以说人缺点的想法来说缺点,如果对方不高兴或者理解了意义,就会犯堕罪。第三个是挑拨离间:比如像六群比丘那样的比丘,想要对比丘进行离间,说某某说了这样的话,在理解意义时会犯堕罪。第四个是制造后悔:又是像六群比丘那样的比丘,无论哪一个,僧团和合,如法如律地平息了任何四种争端,明知故犯地又以行为制造后悔和混乱,就会犯堕罪。第五个是对妇女说法:又是像明相那样的比丘,对于妇女的

English

Therefore, it should be upheld as such. Secondly, there are four parts to the explanation of the offenses that lead only to downfall: a general summary of the teachings, a detailed explanation of the individual characteristics, a conclusion, and a declaration of the categories. The first part is the general summary, which includes knowingly speaking falsely, destroying seeds, teaching the Dharma to nuns without being asked, eating repeatedly, using water with living beings, breaking fasts at home, intentionally killing animals, traveling on the road with many robbers, and attending offering feasts without informing the householders. The second part consists of nine sets of ten. The first set of ten has three parts: an introduction with a summary, a reference to the pronouncements of the downfall offenses, and a detailed explanation of the individual characteristics. The first part is the summary: lying, speaking of faults, slandering monks, causing regret, teaching the Dharma, reciting scriptures, speaking of bad situations, speaking of the superior Dharma of humans as true, showing favoritism, and especially killing. The second part is: Venerable ones, these ninety offenses of downfall are found in the Pratimoksha Sutra, which is recited every half month. The third part has ten items, the first of which is knowingly speaking falsely: like Me-sbyin-skyes, knowingly transforming the perception of truth into lying, one commits a downfall offense when the meaning is understood. The second is speaking of faults: like the monks of the group of six, if a monk speaks of the faults of others with the intention of speaking of faults, and the other person is displeased or understands the meaning, he commits a downfall offense. The third is slandering: like the monks of the group of six, if a monk, desiring to cause discord among the monks, slanders by saying that so-and-so said such-and-such, he commits a downfall offense when the meaning is understood. The fourth is causing regret: again, like the monks of the group of six, whichever monk, when the Sangha is in harmony, has settled any of the four disputes according to the Dharma and the Vinaya, knowingly causes regret and confusion through actions, he commits a downfall offense. The fifth is teaching the Dharma to women: again, like 'char ka, a monk who, regarding women's