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KMG042 0005.A Concise Commentary on the Pratimoksha Sutra A Stairway to Definitive Goodness.·A Concise Commentary on the Pratimoksha Sutra A Stairway to Definitive Goodness..g2.0f

Chinese

又如六群比丘,若为自身缘故,未经时节加持,自己触火或令他触,则犯堕罪。三、追悔随喜者:又如难陀比丘,若于声闻僧伽如法事中,已随喜此部比丘,既随喜已,其后忿恚嗔恨,心不喜悦,作舍随喜之法,作如是言:比丘,还我随喜,我不随喜汝。如是则犯堕罪。四、与未受具足戒者同宿者:又如近喜比丘,若与未受具足戒者,在家众或沙弥父母等,共宿超过二夜,四种住处,一切覆一切绕,一切覆大半绕,大半覆大半绕,大半覆一切绕,随一而宿,至第三明相出时,则犯堕罪。五、不舍恶见者:复次,若有持恶见比丘作如是言:我如是知世尊所说能障天道及涅槃之法,如波罗夷等诸堕罪,五部之罪,七灭诤法等,虽行彼法,然不能障天道及菩提。诸持法比丘应谏彼恶见比丘言:具寿,汝勿作是语,勿谤世尊。谤世尊者,非为善也。世尊不说如是不实之语。具寿,能障道法实能障碍。世尊于诸经中数数宣说,行彼法者,实能障碍。具寿

English

Furthermore, if a monk, like the group of six, touches fire himself or causes another to touch it for his own sake without the blessing of the time, it is a downfall. Third, reversing approval: Furthermore, if a monk, like Nanda, having offered approval to a Dharma-related activity of the Śrāvaka Saṃgha to a monk of this group, and then becoming angry, agitated, and fierce, displeased, makes it a Dharma of abandoning the previously offered approval, saying, "Monk, give back the approval; I will not give you approval," it is a downfall. Fourth, sleeping with one who has not received full ordination: Furthermore, if a monk, like Nanda, sleeps with a person who has not received full ordination, whether a householder or a novice, parents, etc., for more than two nights in any of the four dwelling places—completely covered and completely surrounded, completely covered and mostly surrounded, mostly covered and mostly surrounded, mostly covered and completely surrounded—when the third dawn arises, it is a downfall. Fifth, not abandoning wrong views: Furthermore, if a monk with evil views says, "Thus, I know that the Blessed One has spoken of the Dharmas that obstruct the path to heaven and liberation, such as the pārājikas and other downfall offenses, the five groups of offenses, the seven Dharmas for pacifying disputes, etc., but even if one practices them, they will not obstruct the path to heaven and enlightenment, for that is how I understand the Blessed One's intention in teaching the Dharma," then the monks of this Dharma should admonish that monk with evil views, saying, "Venerable one, do not say such things; do not slander the Blessed One. Slandering the Blessed One is not good. The Blessed One does not speak such untruths. Venerable one, the Dharmas that obstruct the path are indeed obstructive, as the Blessed One has spoken in many ways, and practicing them will indeed be obstructive. Venerable one,

Chinese

应当以柔和的言辞劝诫说:“请您放弃这种罪恶的见解。”如果比丘们这样劝诫像恶见一样的比丘,如果他放弃了这种见解的基础,那就好了。如果他不放弃,为了让他放弃这个基础,应当以四羯磨通过两次、三次的如法劝诫。应当如法教导。两次、三次的如法劝诫,如法教导后,如果他放弃这个基础,那就好了。如果在说了三次之后还不放弃,就犯堕罪。第六,随顺舍弃者:还有,如果某个比丘像近喜一样,明知世尊所说的那些障碍之法,即使依止也不会成为障碍等等,像这样说罪恶见解的人,像恶见一样不如法,不舍弃罪恶的见解,还与他交谈、授记,以安乐为目的进行提问,普遍居住,给予住所,普遍受用,享用他的受用,并且与他在四种住处中的任何一个地方同睡一夜,除非是因为生病或见解不同,否则在夜晚结束时犯堕罪。第七,接纳被摈者:比如像荆棘和大者一样的沙弥,如果这样说:世尊所说的五种欲妙的享用,对于道或修行的行为来说是障碍,凡是所说的那些,即使依止也不会成为修行的障碍。像这样,我知道世尊所说的法。如果这样说,这些律中的比丘们应当劝诫像荆棘和大者一样的沙弥,这样说:沙弥,你所说的世尊所说的那些欲妙是障碍,凡是所说的那些,即使依止也不会成为障碍。不要这样说,我知道世尊所说的法。不要诽谤世尊!诽谤世尊不会变得更好。不要说世尊是不变的。具寿

English

One should admonish with gentle words, saying, "Please abandon this kind of sinful view." If the monks thus admonish a monk who is like an evil view, if he abandons the basis of that view, that is good. If he does not abandon it, in order to make him abandon that basis, he should be duly admonished twice and three times with the four karmas. He should be duly instructed. After being duly admonished twice and three times, and duly instructed, if he abandons that basis, that is good. If he does not abandon it after the end of three statements, he commits a downfall. Sixth, following the abandoned: Furthermore, if a monk, like Nanda, knowingly associates with someone who says such sinful views, such as that those things which the Blessed One has said are obstructive dharmas, even if relied upon, are not obstructive, and who has not abandoned that sinful view, who is like an evil view and has not acted according to the Dharma, and who converses with him, gives him predictions, speaks of questions aimed at comfort, dwells everywhere, gives lodging, enjoys everything, enjoys his enjoyment, and sleeps with him for one night in any of the four dwellings, except because of illness or difference of view, he commits a downfall at the end of the night. Seventh, gathering the expelled: For example, a novice like Thorns and Great One, if he says, "The enjoyment of the five desires, which the Blessed One has said are obstructive to the path or the practice of virtue, even if relied upon, will not be obstructive to the practice of virtue. Thus, I know the Dharma taught by the Blessed One." If he says this, the monks in this Vinaya should admonish the novice like Thorns and Great One, saying, "Novice, do not say that those desires which the Blessed One has said are obstructive, even if relied upon, will not be obstructive. Do not say, 'I know the Dharma taught by the Blessed One.' Do not slander the Blessed One! Slandering the Blessed One will not make things better. Do not say that the Blessed One is immutable." Venerable

Chinese

那些阻碍想要成为沙弥(Geshul)的人是真正的阻碍,世尊以多种方式说过。如果亲近他们,就会成为障碍。应当告诫沙弥:‘沙弥,放弃你这种罪恶的见解。’如果比丘们这样告诫那位沙弥,如果他放弃了那个基础,那样就好。如果他不放弃,为了让他放弃那个基础,应该再三告诫和教导他。再三告诫和教导,如果他放弃了那个基础,那样就好。如果他不放弃,对于像荆棘和大人物一样的沙弥,比丘们应该说:‘从今以后,沙弥,你不要说世尊、如来、阿罗汉、正等觉是导师。’不要跟随任何像梵天一样共同修行、精通的上师。从今以后,你也不能和比丘们、沙弥一起在两个日落之间睡在同一个地方。愚痴的人,你已经被驱逐,离开这里。’应该这样告诫。此外,如果比丘明知他已被驱逐,还亲近被驱逐的沙弥,给予住所,或者给予教导,或者和他一起睡在同一个地方,就犯堕罪。第八,穿着未染色的衣服:如果像六群比丘一样的比丘得到任何七种布料,比如羊毛等,应该用三种染色中的任何一种来染色,比如蓝色靛青,或者红色茜草,或者黄色的树皮。如果比丘使用未经三种染色(蓝色、红色或黄色)染色的新布料,就犯堕罪。第九,触摸珍宝:此外,如果像六群比丘一样的比丘,触摸珍珠等珍宝,或者战场上使用的武器,或者乐器等珍宝,或者让别人拿取,除非是属于僧团的,在僧团的外面,或者属于住所的,在僧团的里面,否则就犯堕罪。

English

Those who obstruct the path to becoming a Śrāmaṇera (Geshul) are truly obstructions, as the Blessed One has said in various ways. If one associates with them, it will become an obstruction. The Śrāmaṇera should be admonished: 'Śrāmaṇera, abandon such sinful views.' If the monks admonish that Śrāmaṇera in this way, if he abandons that basis, that is good. If he does not abandon it, in order to make him abandon that basis, he should be thoroughly admonished and taught two or three times. If after being thoroughly admonished and taught two or three times, he abandons that basis, that is good. If he does not abandon it, the monks should say to that Śrāmaṇera who is like a thorn or a great person: 'From now on, Śrāmaṇera, do not say that the Blessed One, the Tathāgata, the Arhat, the perfectly complete Buddha is the teacher.' Do not follow after any who practice like Brahma, who are skilled, like a master. From now on, you are not allowed to sleep in the same place with the monks and Śrāmaṇeras between two sunsets. Foolish one, you have been expelled, leave here.' He should be admonished in this way. Furthermore, if a monk, knowing that he has been expelled, still associates with the expelled Śrāmaṇera, giving him lodging, or giving him instruction, or sleeping with him in the same place, he commits a fault. Eighth, wearing undyed cloth: If a monk like the group of six finds any of the seven cloths, such as wool, etc., he should dye it with any of the three colors of dyeing, such as blue indigo, or red madder, or yellow bark. If a monk uses new cloth that has not been dyed with the three colors (blue, red, or yellow), he commits a fault. Ninth, touching precious things: Furthermore, if a monk like the group of six touches jewels such as pearls, or weapons used on the battlefield, or musical instruments, which are considered precious, or has others take them, unless it belongs to the Saṃgha and is outside the Saṃgha's area, or belongs to the dwelling and is inside the Saṃgha's area, he commits a fault.

English

Do. If a Bhikshu finds a jewel outside the monastery belonging to the Sangha, or inside the dwelling, or if a jewel is mentioned, and he thinks, 'Whose is this? Can I take it?' he should take it with such a thought. For this precept, this is the ritual, the method. Tenth, bathing: Again, like the group of six Bhikshus, if a Bhikshu bathes less frequently than every half month as the Blessed One has said, except for certain times, it is a downfall. The times are as follows: the remaining half month of the Soga month, from the first day of summer to the middle of Nyai month, and the first of the summer months, from the sixteenth of the middle of summer to the end of the summer Nyai month, these three and a half months are the hot season. The rest are times of sickness, times of work, times of travel, times when the wind stirs the edge of the Dharma garment, times when two or more raindrops fall on the body, and times of drizzling rain; these are the times when bathing is allowed. The seventh group has two items: summarized by verses, and explaining the definitions separately. The first is: In the verses, it says, killing animals, causing regret, tickling with fingers, playing in water, with women, sleeping together, causing fright, hiding clothes and utensils, living by giving without confidence, slandering without basis, walking on the road with a woman without a man. The second has ten items, the first is killing animals: Again, like a Bhikshu like Charka, if he knowingly kills a living being belonging to the animal realm, it is a downfall. The second is causing regret: Again, like a Bhikshu like Charka, if he knowingly intends to make this Bhikshu not have peace even for a moment, and for this reason, without any other reason, he says to this Dharma-holding Bhikshu, 'You are not fully ordained,' etc., if he causes regret, even if he does not cause regret, but if the other person understands the meaning, it is a downfall. The third is tickling: Again, like a Bhikshu of the group of seventeen, if he tickles a Bhikshu's armpit, etc., with his fingers or fists, etc., it is a downfall.

Chinese

属于堕罪。第四,嬉戏于水中:如果想要凉爽或学习游泳,则没有堕罪,但如果像十七部派那样的比丘以嬉戏的心情游泳,则属于堕罪。第五,与妇女同睡:又如未断绝性欲者,此派的比丘与能够行淫的妇女在任何四种处所之一处脱衣而睡,则属于堕罪。第六,使之惊吓:又如常行乞食的比丘,自己使其他比丘惊吓,或允许他人使之惊吓,即使是想开玩笑,除非是为了使对方感到厌倦,否则属于堕罪。第七,隐藏物品等:又如六群比丘,此派的比丘,或比丘尼,或沙弥尼,或沙弥,或沙弥尼的钵,或法衣,或钵囊,或碗,或腰带,或其他任何修行者的生活用具,自己隐藏,或允许他人隐藏,除非是出于想要帮助的目的,否则属于堕罪。第八,因施予而生活:又如近喜比丘,任何比丘将衣服施予比丘后,在此之下,未经对方施予的信任而使用,则属于堕罪。第九,诽谤:又如亲友和土地所生的比丘,愤怒且怀恨在心,对如巨富财宝般的清净比丘,就其没有堕落之处,毫无根据地以十三僧残中的任何一种罪行进行诽谤,则属于堕罪。第十,与妇女一同行走:又如前往舍卫城的比丘,此派的任何比丘,在没有男性的情况下,与能够行淫的妇女一同走在寺院的道路上,即使是到村庄之间,超过一俱卢舍,则属于堕罪。然而,如果是为了驱赶野兽,或护送至危险之地。(注释:引导道路,以及带领无能力者除外。)第八品有二:以总纲进行简要说明,分别解释各自的定义。第一是:总纲中,与盗贼一同行走,