English
What, in this case, is the conceit 'I am superior to an inferior'? Here, someone is inferior by birth, or by lineage, or by being a son of a good family, or... by means of some other thing, he considers himself superior to others... by which he considers himself; relying on that, he utters conceit. Whatever such conceit, assumption, state of assuming, elevation, uplift, banner, grasping, desire for a flag of the mind – this is called "the conceit 'I am superior to the inferior'". (59) Conceit: 'I am equal to the inferior' 876. What therein is the conceit: 'I am equal to the inferior'? Here, someone is inferior by birth, or by clan, or by family…etc… by some other thing, he considers himself equal to others; relying on that, he utters conceit. Whatever such conceit, assumption, state of assuming, elevation, uplift, banner, grasping, desire for a flag of the mind – this is called "the conceit 'I am equal to the inferior'". (60) Conceit: 'I am inferior to the inferior' 877. What therein is the conceit: 'I am inferior to the inferior'? Here, someone is inferior by birth, or by clan, or by family…etc… by some other thing, he considers himself equal to others; relying on that, he utters self-abasement. Whatever such self-abasement, self-disparagement, state of self-disparagement, contempt, self-contempt, state of self-contempt, self-scorn, self-disdain, self-humiliation – this is called "the conceit 'I am inferior to the inferior'". (61) Conceit 878. What therein is conceit? Whatever conceit, assumption, state of assuming, elevation, uplift, banner, grasping, desire for a flag of the mind – this is called "conceit". (62) Over-conceit 879. What therein is over-conceit? Here, someone by birth, or by clan, or by family…etc… by some other thing, over-estimates himself compared to others. Whatever such conceit, assumption, state of assuming, elevation, uplift, banner, grasping, desire for a flag of the mind – this is called "over-conceit". (63) Conceit and over-conceit 880. What therein is conceit and over-conceit? Here, someone by birth, or by clan, or by family…etc… by some other thing, at an earlier time considers himself equal to others, at a later time considers himself superior. Whatever such conceit, assumption, state of assuming, elevation, uplift, banner or the grasping, the desire for a banner of the mind – this is called "conceit of superiority". (64) Low Conceit 881. What is low conceit there? Here, someone by birth, or by clan, or by family lineage, or by beauty of complexion, or by wealth, or by study, or by profession, or by craft, or by branch of knowledge, or by learning, or by ready wit, or by some other ground, expresses low conceit. Whatever such low conceit, the act of thinking lowly, the state of thinking lowly, contempt, the act of despising, the state of despising, self-disparagement, self-contempt, self-scorn – this is called "low conceit". (65) Over-conceit 882. What is over-conceit there? The perception of attainment in what is not attained, the perception of completion in what is not completed, the perception of comprehension in what is not comprehended, the perception of realization in what is not realized, whatever such conceit, thinking, the state of thinking, elevation, rising up, a banner, grasping, the desire for a banner of the mind – this is called "over-conceit". (66) "I am" Conceit 883. What is "I am" conceit there? Conceit "form is I", desire "I am", underlying tendency "I am", feeling...and so on... perception...and so on... formations...and so on... conceit "consciousness is I", desire "I am", underlying tendency "I am", whatever such conceit, thinking, the state of thinking, elevation, rising up, a banner, grasping, the desire for a banner of the mind – this is called "'I am' conceit". (67) Wrong Conceit 884. What is wrong conceit there? Here, someone by a bad profession, or by a bad craft, or by a bad branch of knowledge, or by bad learning, or by bad ready wit, or by bad morality, or by bad practice, or by bad moral practice, or by a bad view, by some other ground, expresses conceit. Whatever such conceit, thinking, the state of thinking, elevation, rising up, a banner, grasping, the desire for a banner of the mind – this is called "wrong conceit". (68) Thought about Relatives 885. What is thought about relatives there? Concerning relatives, household-based reasoning, thinking, wrong intention – this is called "thought about relatives". (69) Thought about the Country 886. What there What is country-thought? Thinking, pondering, wrong resolve, rooted in the home, concerning the country. This is called "country-thought." (70) Immortal-thought 887. What is immortal-thought? Thinking, pondering, wrong resolve, rooted in the home, connected with difficult practices, or connected with views. This is called "immortal-thought." (71) Thought connected with compassion for others 888. What is thought connected with compassion for others? Here, someone lives associated with householders, rejoicing with them, sorrowing with them, happy when they are happy, suffering when they suffer, or undertaking tasks himself when duties arise. The thinking, pondering, wrong resolve, rooted in the home, that is there, this is called "thought connected with compassion for others." (72) Thought connected with gain, etc. 889. What is thought connected with gain, honor, and renown? Thinking, pondering, wrong resolve, rooted in the home, concerning gain, honor, and renown. This is called "thought connected with gain, honor, and renown." (73) Thought connected with not being despised 890. What is thought connected with not being despised? Here, someone thinks, "May others not despise me because of birth, or lineage, or being a son of a good family, or beauty of complexion, or wealth, or study, or profession, or craft, or field of knowledge, or learning, or quick wit, or any other reason." The thinking, pondering, wrong resolve, rooted in the home, that is there, this is called "thought connected with not being despised." The Single. 2. Exposition of Dyads (1) Anger and resentment 891. (a) What is anger? That which is anger, being angry, the state of being angry; hatred, being hateful, the state of being hateful; malice, being malicious, the state of being malicious; opposition, counter-opposition; fierceness, ill-will, displeasure of mind – this is called "anger." (b) What is resentment? Anger in the past, resentment in the present. The form of a tie, a binding, a being bound, a not letting go, a letting go, a firmly letting go, a connecting, a continuing, a strengthening of anger – this is called "upanāho" (grudge). (2) Malice and Envy 892. (A) What is malice there? That malice, maliciousness, the state of being malicious, disparagement, the act of disparagement – this is called "makkho" (malice). (B) What is envy there? That envy, envying, the state of being envious, taking sides, a place of dispute, a holding on to the yoke, a not letting go – this is called "paḷāso" (envy/rivalry). (3) Jealousy and Avarice 893. (A) What is jealousy there? That jealousy concerning the gains, honor, respect, veneration, and worship of others, that jealousy, being jealous, the state of being jealous, envy, being envious, the state of being envious – this is called "issā" (jealousy). (B) What is avarice there? There are five kinds of avarice: avarice regarding dwellings, avarice regarding families, avarice regarding gains, avarice regarding praise, avarice regarding the Dhamma. That such miserliness, being miserly, the state of being miserly, stinginess, meanness, harshness, the state of not letting go of the mind – this is called "macchariyaṃ" (avarice). (4) Deceit and Fraud 894. (A) What is deceit there? Here, someone, having committed misconduct by body, having committed misconduct by speech, having committed misconduct by mind, for the purpose of concealing it, forms an evil wish: "May they not know me," he wishes. "May they not know me," he resolves. "May they not know me," he speaks. "May they not know me," he strives with his body. That such deceit, deceitfulness, trickery, fraud, dishonesty, dissimulation, evasion, concealment, hiding, covering, disguising, making not manifest, making not open, suppression of evil deeds – this is called "māyā" (deceit). (B) What is fraud there? Here, someone is fraudulent, very fraudulent. That fraud there, Deceitfulness, trickery, harshness, roughness, circumvention, evasion – this is called "deceit". (5) Ignorance and craving for existence 895. (a) What is ignorance there? That which is not knowing, not seeing... the blindness of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesome things – this is called "ignorance". (b) What is craving for existence there? That which is desire for existences, passion for existence, delight in existence, craving for existence, affection for existence, fever for existence, infatuation with existence, clinging to existence – this is called "craving for existence". (6) View of existence and view of non-existence 896. (a) What is view of existence there? "There will be a self and a world" – such a view, a fixed view... a perverted grasp – this is called "view of existence". (b) What is view of non-existence there? "There will not be a self and a world" – such a view, a fixed view... a perverted grasp – this is called "view of non-existence". (7) Eternalist view and annihilationist view 897. (a) What is eternalist view there? "The self and the world are eternal" – such a view, a fixed view... a perverted grasp – this is called "eternalist view". (b) What is annihilationist view there? "The self and the world will be annihilated" – such a view, a fixed view... a perverted grasp – this is called "annihilationist view". (8) View of finitude and view of infinitude 898. (a) What is view of finitude there? "The self and the world are finite" – such a view, a fixed view... a perverted grasp –