English
the state of intending – this is called "formations conditioned by ignorance". Therein, what is consciousness conditioned by formations? That which is mind, thought, mentality, heart, intellect, mind, mind-base, mind-faculty, consciousness, the aggregate of consciousness, the mind-consciousness element pertaining thereto – this is called "consciousness conditioned by formations". Therein, what is mentality conditioned by consciousness? The aggregate of feeling, the aggregate of perception, the aggregate of formations – this is called "mentality conditioned by consciousness". Therein. And what is the sixth sense-base conditioned by name? That which is mind, mental faculty, mind-base, heart, purity, mind, mind-base, mind-faculty, consciousness, the aggregate of consciousness, the mind-consciousness element born of that – this is called “the sixth sense-base conditioned by name.” And what is contact conditioned by the sixth sense-base? That which is contact, touching, full contact, the state of having made full contact – this is called “contact conditioned by the sixth sense-base.” And what is feeling conditioned by contact? That which is mental pleasantness, mental happiness, pleasantness born of mental contact, happiness born of mental contact, felt pleasantness, felt happiness, pleasant feeling born of mental contact, happy feeling born of mental contact – this is called “feeling conditioned by contact.” And what is craving conditioned by feeling? That which is lust, attachment, inclination, compliance, delight, delightful lust, attachment of the mind – this is called “craving conditioned by feeling.” And what is clinging conditioned by craving? That which is view, wrong view, thicket of views, wilderness of views, perversion of views, agitation of views, fetter of views, grasping, holding fast, adherence, misconception, wrong path, wrongness, heretical ground, perverse grasping – this is called “clinging conditioned by craving.” And what is existence conditioned by clinging? Excluding clinging, the aggregate of feeling, the aggregate of perception, the aggregate of mental formations, the aggregate of consciousness – this is called “existence conditioned by clinging.” And what is birth conditioned by existence? That which is the birth, coming to be, arising, manifestation, appearance of those various phenomena – this is called “birth conditioned by existence.” And what is aging and death conditioned by birth? There is aging, there is death. And what is aging? That which is the aging, decay, decline of life of those various phenomena – this is called “aging.” And what is death? That which is the passing away, disappearance, breaking up, complete breaking up, impermanence, vanishing of those various phenomena – this is called “death.” Thus, this is aging, and this is death. This is called: "From birth, old age and death." Thus arises this entire mass of suffering. Thus for this entire mass of suffering there is coming together, there is meeting, there is convergence, there is manifestation. Therefore it is said: "Thus arises this entire mass of suffering." 250. At that time, from ignorance, fabrications; from fabrications, consciousness; from consciousness, name; from name, contact; from contact, feeling; from feeling, craving; from craving, clinging; from clinging, becoming; from becoming, birth; from birth, old age and death. Thus arises this entire mass of suffering. 251. Therein, what is ignorance? That which is unknowing, not seeing... the chain of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesome states – this is called "ignorance." Therein, what are fabrications from ignorance? That which is volition, intending, the state of having intended – this is called "fabrications from ignorance." Therein, what is consciousness from fabrications? That which is mind, mentality, mental state... the mind-consciousness element arising from that – this is called "consciousness from fabrications." Therein, what is name from consciousness? The feeling aggregate, the perception aggregate, the fabrication aggregate – this is called "name from consciousness." From name, contact. Therein, what is name? Excluding contact, the feeling aggregate, the perception aggregate, the fabrication aggregate, the consciousness aggregate – this is called "name." Therein, what is contact from name? That which is contact, touching, full touching, the state of having fully touched – this is called "contact from name"... therefore it is said: "Thus arises this entire mass of suffering." At that time, from ignorance, fabrications; from fabrications, consciousness; from consciousness, name-and-form; from name-and-form, the six sense bases; from the six sense bases, contact; from contact, feeling; from feeling, Oh, craving! From craving, clinging. From clinging, becoming. From becoming, birth. From birth, aging and death. Thus is the origin of this entire mass of suffering. 253. Therein, what is ignorance? That which is not knowing, not seeing... ...the darkness of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesome states – this is called "ignorance". Therein, what are formations conditioned by ignorance? That which is volition, intending, the state of having intended – this is called "formations conditioned by ignorance". Therein, what is consciousness conditioned by formations? That which is mind, mentality, mental state... ...the mind-consciousness element arising therefrom – this is called "consciousness conditioned by formations". Therein, what is name-and-form conditioned by consciousness? There is name, there is form. Therein, what is name? The aggregate of feeling, the aggregate of perception, the aggregate of formations – this is called "name". Therein, what is form? The accumulation of the eye-base, the accumulation of the ear-base, the accumulation of the nose-base, the accumulation of the tongue-base, the accumulation of the body-base, or whatever other form there is, born of mind, having mind as its cause, arisen from mind – this is called "form". Thus, this is name, and this is form. This is called "name-and-form conditioned by consciousness". From name-and-form, the sixth sense-base. There is name, there is form. Therein, what is name? The aggregate of feeling, the aggregate of perception, the aggregate of formations – this is called "name". Therein, what is form? That form on which the mind-consciousness element depends – this is called "form". Thus, this is name, and this is form. This is called "name-and-form". Therein, what is the sixth sense-base conditioned by name-and-form? That which is mind, mentality, mental state... ...the mind-consciousness element arising therefrom – this is called "the sixth sense-base conditioned by name-and-form". Therein, what is contact conditioned by the sixth sense-base? That which is contact, touching, coming into contact, the state of having come into contact – this is called "contact conditioned by the sixth sense-base"... ...therefore it is said. thus, “the origin of this entire mass of suffering comes to be.” 254. At that time, from ignorance as condition, volitional formations; from volitional formations as condition, consciousness; from consciousness as condition, mind-and-matter; from mind-and-matter as condition, the six sense bases; from the six sense bases as condition, contact; from contact as condition, feeling; from feeling as condition, craving; from craving as condition, clinging; from clinging as condition, existence; from existence as condition, birth; from birth as condition, aging and death. Thus, the origin of this entire mass of suffering comes to be. 255. Therein, what is ignorance? That which is unknowing, not seeing… …ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesome things— this is called “ignorance.” Therein, what are volitional formations conditioned by ignorance? That which is volition, intending, the state of having intended— this is called “volitional formations conditioned by ignorance.” Therein, what is consciousness conditioned by volitional formations? That which is mind, mentality, mentation… …the mind-consciousness element born of that— this is called “consciousness conditioned by volitional formations.” Therein, what is mind-and-matter conditioned by consciousness? There is mind, there is matter. Therein, what is mind? The feeling aggregate, the perception aggregate, the volitional formations aggregate— this is called “mind.” Therein, what is matter? The accumulation of the eye-base, the accumulation of the ear-base, the accumulation of the nose-base, the accumulation of the tongue-base, the accumulation of the body-base, or whatever other matter there is that is mind-born, mind-caused, mind-originated— this is called “matter.” Thus, this is mind, and this is matter. This is called “mind-and-matter conditioned by consciousness.” “The six sense bases conditioned by mind-and-matter.” There is mind, there is matter. Therein, what is mind? The feeling aggregate, the perception aggregate, the volitional formations aggregate— this is called “mind.” Therein, what is matter? The four great elements, and that matter on which the mind-consciousness element depends— this is called “matter.” Thus, this is mind, and this is matter. This is called “mind-and-matter.” Therein, what is mind-and-matter— conditioned by name-and-form is the six sense-bases? The eye-base, the ear-base, the nose-base, the tongue-base, the body-base, the mind-base – this is called “conditioned by name-and-form is the six sense-bases.” Among these, what is contact conditioned by the six sense-bases? That contact, touching, full touching, the state of having fully touched – this is called “contact conditioned by the six sense-bases”…and so on… therefore it is said “thus is the origin of this entire mass of suffering.” The Tetrad of Conditions. 6. The Tetrad of Causes 256. At that time, conditioned by ignorance is volitional formation, with ignorance as its cause;