English
The two have different meanings. These are the endings of padas (words), and the other is a special category of how words are formed. If we divide the category of indeclinables, there are three types: indeclinables of nature, indeclinables of transformation, and indeclinables of the end of conditions. If we divide the first, there are two types: near transformations and non-near transformations. Near transformations are twenty, or twenty-one if we count ābi. The second type is called single nouns, which include vowels that are only established as names, single negative words such as a, conjunctions such as ca, words with independent meanings such as nu naṃ, and words with temporal meanings such as sa bya, making five types. The second type, indeclinables of transformation, includes transforming ta smin into ta atra, and transforming purbba smin into pura stāt, and so on. Indeclinables with conditional endings include those with endings such as tas, ehi, cit, can, sād, ktvā, and tum. In this treatise, the six endings, the usage of vibhaktis in yusmad and asmad, and how all changes occur are explained in detail. In those special cases, even though vibhaktis are added, there is no change, and the chapter on indeclinables is taught. Near transformations rarely have endings, and it is said that changes in vibhaktis such as si do not occur elsewhere. Generally speaking, there are many changes in other conditions, such as vaiśravaṇā and aupaga va. Among them, there are fifty-three types such as ca, nineteen types such as ta atra, eighteen types such as sa dya, and the twenty near transformations, which should be recited fluently. Furthermore, the application of wisdom to the meanings of near transformations should also be extensive. For the time being, even relying on just these can accomplish some of the tasks of the wise. That is just an illustration, for example: When pra is added at the beginning, praṇama means great praise, which is prostration or the syllable Om. (Seed Syllable, Sanskrit Devanagari: ओम्, Sanskrit Romanization: oṃ, Chinese Literal Meaning: Om) prajñā is wisdom, prābta is attainment, pramāṇa and prakirṇa mean measure and scattering. prakṛti is nature. prabhu is the all-pervading lord, prabeśa is entering, prabha is light. pravaṇa is inclination, prasaṃga is fallacy, pratar is dawn, prasanna is clarity, pragraha is compliance, pradhāna is main, prayaccha is giving.
Chinese
哦。帕雅达是恩惠食物。帕约扎那是需要。帕布达非常勤奋。等等的意思是帕姆卡。帕布日达哦，普罗达和。帕尼达是丰盛的。第二，巴Ra的意思是。巴Ra比比迪是被轻蔑。巴Ra扎玛是完全征服隐藏。巴若阿克效，巴Ra姆日士扎是触摸。巴Ra比达达是完全改变。不按顺序巴Ra布日达达。巴Ra吉达是完全胜利。巴Ra嘎达是分离。巴Ra姆卡是向后。巴Ra秀达是完全愚蠢。10第三，阿瓦巴的意思是。请求祈祷阿瓦匝亚纳。伤口下降阿瓦嘎Ra格伊。阿瓦Ra达说是损害。分离是阿瓦嘎达。消除是阿沃哈。清净解脱阿瓦巴嘎。阿瓦巴达是诽谤。损害阿瓦嘎日南。不清楚阿瓦巴Ra南。秘密词语阿瓦拉巴。否认抛弃秘密阿瓦胡。12第四，阿努的意思是。随后阿努香嘎。随后推测说是阿努玛纳。阿努库拉是和谐。阿努夏亚是细微增长也是随眠。力量说是阿努巴瓦。阿努甘巴是爱抚。随后跟随阿努巴日纳。随后允许是阿努嘉。阿努巴迪是低下的方向。重复和反复和。之前的随后跟随意思多。13第五，阿瓦的意思是。阿瓦兰巴是攀附的意思。阿瓦达那是譬喻。阿瓦纳达是口头教诲。沮丧是阿瓦米南。确定抓住白色分开使用。阿瓦达Ra纳这样说。阿瓦达达是白色。阿瓦亚瓦是部分。进入中间空隙时候和阅读。光芒说是阿瓦巴Ra萨。阿瓦达Ra是出生和进入。阿瓦吉日纳是遍布。16第六，尼日的意思是。这个大部分是否定词多。尼日阿玛亚没有过失。确定的词语是尼日达。尼西达是确定。尼日代夏是详细解释。尼尔瓦纳和尼尔亚纳。寂灭和确定出现。尼赫舍Ra亚是确定好。尼赫夏利亚是痛苦抛弃。尼赫夏兰嘎没有污垢和。没有部分也进入。奇迹说是尼日米达。尼秀达是清楚。12第七，杜尔的意思是。恶劣和困难。大部分杜尔的声音进入。杜尔嘎迪和杜尔巴萨。杜尔布达和杜尔扎纳。恶趣恶劣处境吃错和。
English
O. Pra-yada is food of kindness. Pra-yo-jana is need. Prap-dha is very diligent. The meaning of etc. is Pra-mukha. Prabhrta, oh, Pro-dha and. Pranita is abundant. Second, the meaning of Para is. Para-bhi-biti is despised. Para-krama is completely conquering, hidden. Paroksha, oh, Para-mrsta is touch. Para-vitta-ta is completely changed. Not in order, Para-vrtta-ta. Para-jita is completely victorious. Para-gata is separated. Para-mukha is backwards. Para-shuta is completely foolish. 10 Third, the meaning of Ava is. Request prayer Ava-cayana. Wound falling Ava-kara-ghi. Ava-radha is said to be harmful. Separation is Ava-gata. Elimination is Avo-ha. Pure liberation Ava-varga. Ava-pata is slander. Harmful Ava-karinam. Unclear Ava-varanam. Secret word Ava-labha. Denial, abandonment, secret Ava-hu. 12 Fourth, the meaning of Anu is. Subsequently Anu-shanga. Subsequently speculation is said to be Anu-mana. Anu-kula is harmonious. Anu-shaya is subtle increase, also latent. Power is said to be Anu-bhava. Anu-kamba is caressing. Subsequently following Anu-parina. Subsequently permission is Anu-jna. Anu-patti is the direction of inferiority. Repetition and repetition and. The previous, subsequent following meaning is many. 13 Fifth, the meaning of Ava is. Ava-lamba is the meaning of clinging. Ava-dana is metaphor. Ava-nada is oral instruction. Discouragement is Ava-minam. Determine to grasp white, separate use. Ava-dharana is said to be so. Ava-data is white. Ava-yava is part. Entering the middle space, time and reading. Light is said to be Ava-bhasa. Ava-tara is birth and entering. Ava-kirna is pervasive. 16 Sixth, the meaning of Nir is. This mostly is negative word many. Nir-amaya is without fault. The definite word is Nir-ukta. Nishcita is definite. Nirdesha is detailed explanation. Nirvana and Niryana. Nirvana and definite arising. Nihshraya is definite good. Nihshalya is pain abandoned. Nihshalamka is without dirt and. Without part also enters. Miracle is said to be Nirmita. Nishshuta is clear. 12 Seventh, the meaning of Dur is. Bad and difficult. Mostly the sound of Dur enters. Durgati and Durbasa. Durbhukta and Durjana. Bad destiny, bad situation, eating wrong and.
Chinese
对于恶人依次讲述： दुर्ग（藏文，दुर्गा，durga，难近母）是难以通行的堡垒之意。难以找到的是दुर्लभ（藏文，दुर्लभ，durlabha，难得）。做难事的是दुष्कर（藏文，दुष्कर，duṣkara，难行）。 दुर्बल（藏文，दुर्बल，durbala，虚弱）是衰弱的。 दुःख（藏文，दुःख，duḥkha，痛苦）是痛苦之名。 दुर्योधन（藏文，दुर्योधन，duryodhana，难降伏）是难以战斗的。 第八，关于“བི་”的意义：विनायक（藏文，विनायक，vināyaka，障碍神）是引导迷途者。 विपाक（藏文，विपाक，vipāka，异熟）是异熟果。 वैरोचन（藏文，वैरोचन，vairocana，毗卢遮那）是光明遍照。 विमल（藏文，विमल，vimala，离垢）和विपश्यी（藏文，विपश्यी，vipaśyī，毗钵舍那）是无垢和胜观。 विरूढक（藏文，विरूढक，virūḍhaka，增长）和विदेह（藏文，विदेह，videha，无身）是身胜和胜生。 विक्रम（藏文，विक्रम，vikrama，步）和विशिष्ट（藏文，विशिष्ट，viśiṣṭa，殊胜）是超胜。 विविध（藏文，विविध，vividha，种种）是多种多样。 विधि（藏文，विधि，vidhi，仪轨）是成就或仪轨。 विभु（藏文，विभु，vibhu，自在）是自在主，व्याप्त（藏文，व्याप्त，vyāpta，遍）是周遍。 विमति（藏文，विमति，vimati，犹豫）是怀疑。 观看行为是लोक（藏文，लोक，loka，世间），布置是व्यूह（藏文，व्यूह，vyūha，阵势）等。 第九，关于“ཨཱང྄་”的意义：आदि（藏文，आदि，ādi，初始）是最初，आकाश（藏文，आकाश，ākāśa，虚空）是天空，आयु（藏文，आयु，āyu，寿命）是寿命。 आकार（藏文，आकार，ākāra，形状）和आकर（藏文，आकर，ākara，矿藏）是形状和来源。 आलस्य（藏文，आलस्य，ālasya，懒惰）是懒惰。 आशय（藏文，आशय，āśaya，意乐）和आशन（藏文，आशन，āśana，食物）两者都是欲望和想法。 आहार（藏文，आहार，āhāra，食物）是食物。 आवेश（藏文，आवेश，āveśa，进入）是增长。 आगम（藏文，आगम，āgama，阿含）是经、咒、续。 आख्यात（藏文，आख्यात，ākhyāta，已说）是已说的名称。 आवर्तय（藏文，आवर्तय，āvartaya，旋转）是进入，आवृत्त（藏文，आवृत्त，āvṛtta，旋转）是旋转。 आदर（藏文，आदर，ādara，尊重）是敬重。 आयत（藏文，आयत，āyata，长）被称为长。 आयम（藏文，आयम，āyama，长度）也是长度。 आभोष（藏文，आभोष，ābhoṣa，光辉）是努力。 आपत्ति（藏文，आपत्ति，āpatti，堕落）被称为堕落。 आवर्त（藏文，आवर्त，āvarta，漩涡）也是水泡。 आशीर्बत（藏文，आशीर्बत，āśīrbata，祝福）是吉祥语。 आह（藏文，आह，āha，说）是说和呼唤。 आज्ञा（藏文，आज्ञा，ājñā，命令）是允许的意义。 आलि（藏文，आलि，āli，行）是声音和花鬘。 आराम（藏文，आराम，ārāma，园林）是僧园。 आदेश（藏文，आदेश，ādeśa，指示）是显现，也被认为是完全转变的意义。 आयुध（藏文，आयुध，āyudha，武器）是武器。 आभरण（藏文，आभरण，ābharaṇa，装饰）被称为装饰。 第十，关于“ནི”的意义：नियम（藏文，नियम，niyama， નિયમ）是决定的词语。 नियत（藏文，नियत，niyata， નિયત）也与之相同。 निपात（藏文，निपात，nipāta， निपात）是决定词。 निवासना（藏文，निवासना，nivāsanā， निवासना）是衣服和方法。 निवृत्त（藏文，निवृत्त，nivṛtta， निवृत्त）是返回之意。 निधान（藏文，निधान，nidhāna， निधान）是地基之意。 निमन्त्र（藏文，निमन्त्र，nimantra， निमन्त्र）是表示之意。 निपात（藏文，निपात，nipāta， निपात）是堕落和倒下。 निकट（藏文，निकट，nikaṭa， निकट）是靠近。 निकाय（藏文，निकाय，nikāya， निकाय）被称为集合。 第十一，关于“ཨ་དྷི”的意义：अधि（藏文，अधि，adhi， अधि）有许多附加的意义。 例如，对于额外的智慧，被称为अधिप्रज्ञा（藏文，अधिप्रज्ञा，adhiprajñā， अधिप्रज्ञा）。 诸如此类有很多，这里不再赘述。 अधिपति（藏文，अधिपति，adhipati， अधिपति）是伟大的主人。 अध्यात्म（藏文，अध्यात्म，adhyātma， अध्यात्म）是内在的意义。 अधिक（藏文，अधिक，adhika， अधिक）也是额外的。 अध्युषित（藏文，अध्युषित，adhyuṣita， अध्युषित）是额外发生的。 अधीन（藏文，अधीन，adhīna， अधीन）是完全依附的。 अधिकार（藏文，अधिकार，adhikāra， अधिकार）是控制。 अधिते（藏文，अधिते，adhite， अधिते）是添加
English
For the wicked, speak in order: Durga (藏文，दुर्गा，durga，难近母) is said to be a fortress that is difficult to traverse. Durlabha (藏文，दुर्लभ，durlabha，难得) is difficult to find. Dushkara (藏文，दुष्कर，duṣkara，难行) is doing difficult things. Durbala (藏文，दुर्बल，durbala，虚弱) is weak. Duhkha (藏文，दुःख，duḥkha，痛苦) is known as suffering. Duryodhana (藏文，दुर्योधन，duryodhana，难降伏) is difficult to fight. Eighth, regarding the meaning of "བི་": Vinayaka (藏文，विनायक，vināyaka，障碍神) leads astray. Vipaka (藏文，विपाक，vipāka，异熟) is the ripening result. Vairochana (藏文，वैरोचन，vairocana，毗卢遮那) is the illuminator. Vimala (藏文，विमल，vimala，离垢) and Vipashyi (藏文，विपश्यी，vipaśyī，毗钵舍那) are stainless and superior vision. Virudhaka (藏文，विरूढक，virūḍhaka，增长) and Videha (藏文，विदेह，videha，无身) are body superior and superior birth. Vikrama (藏文，विक्रम，vikrama，步) and Vishishta (藏文，विशिष्ट，viśiṣṭa，殊胜) are surpassing. Vichitra (藏文，विविध，vividha，种种) is various. Vidhi (藏文，विधि，vidhi，仪轨) is accomplishment or ritual. Vibhu (藏文，विभु，vibhu，自在) is the sovereign, Vyapta (藏文，व्याप्त，vyāpta，遍) is pervasive. Vimati (藏文，विमति，vimati，犹豫) is doubt. The act of viewing is Loka (藏文，लोक，loka，世间), and the arrangement is Vyuha (藏文，व्यूह，vyūha，阵势), etc. Ninth, regarding the meaning of "ཨཱང྄་": Adi (藏文，आदि，ādi，初始) is the beginning, Akasha (藏文，आकाश，ākāśa，虚空) is the sky, Ayu (藏文，आयु，āyu，寿命) is life. Akara (藏文，आकार，ākāra，形状) and Akara (藏文，आकर，ākara，矿藏) are shape and source. Alasya (藏文，आलस्य，ālasya，懒惰) is laziness. Ashaya (藏文，आशय，āśaya，意乐) and Ashana (藏文，आशन，āśana，食物) are both desire and thought. Ahara (藏文，आहार，āhāra，食物) is food. Avesha (藏文，आवेश，āveśa，进入) is increase. Agama (藏文，आगम，āgama，阿含) is scripture, mantra, and tantra. Akhyata (藏文，आख्यात，ākhyāta，已说) is the name of what has been said. Avartaya (藏文，आवर्तय，āvartaya，旋转) is entering, and Avritta (藏文，आवृत्त，āvṛtta，旋转) is rotation. Adara (藏文，आदर，ādara，尊重) is respect. Ayata (藏文，आयत，āyata，长) is called long. Ayama (藏文，आयम，āyama，长度) is also length. Abhosha (藏文，आभोष，ābhoṣa，光辉) is effort. Apatti (藏文，आपत्ति，āpatti，堕落) is called falling. Avarta (藏文，आवर्त，āvarta，漩涡) is also a bubble. Ashirbata (藏文，आशीर्बत，āśīrbata，祝福) is an auspicious word. Aha (藏文，आह，āha，说) is speaking and calling. Ajna (藏文，आज्ञा，ājñā，命令) is the meaning of permission. Ali (藏文，आलि，āli，行) is sound and garland. Arama (藏文，आराम，ārāma，园林) is a monastery garden. Adesha (藏文，आदेश，ādeśa，指示) is appearance and is also considered the meaning of complete transformation. Ayudha (藏文，आयुध，āyudha，武器) is a weapon. Abharana (藏文，आभरण，ābharaṇa，装饰) is called an ornament. Tenth, regarding the meaning of "ནི": Niyama (藏文，नियम，niyama， નિયમ) is a word of certainty. Niyata (藏文，नियत，niyata， નિયત) is the same. Nipata (藏文，निपात，nipāta， निपात) is a definitive word. Nivasana (藏文，निवासना，nivāsanā， निवासना) is clothing and method. Nivritta (藏文，निवृत्त，nivṛtta， निवृत्त) means returning. Nidhana (藏文，निधान，nidhāna， निधान) means foundation. Nimantra (藏文，निमन्त्र，nimantra， निमन्त्र) means indicating. Nipata (藏文，निपात，nipāta， निपात) is falling and collapsing. Nikata (藏文，निकट，nikaṭa， निकट) is close. Nikaya (藏文，निकाय，nikāya， निकाय) is called a collection. Eleventh, regarding the meaning of "ཨ་དྷི": Adhi (藏文，अधि，adhi， अधि) has many additional meanings. For example, for extra wisdom, it is called Adhiprajna (藏文，अधिप्रज्ञा，adhiprajñā， अधिप्रज्ञा). There are many such things, but I will not mention them here. Adhipati (藏文，अधिपति，adhipati， अधिपति) is the great master. Adhyatma (藏文，अध्यात्म，adhyātma， अध्यात्म) is the inner meaning. Adhika (藏文，अधिक，adhika， अधिक) is also extra. Adhyushita (藏文，अध्युषित，adhyuṣita， अध्युषित) is additionally occurring. Adhina (藏文，अधीन，adhīna， अधीन) is completely dependent. Adhikara (藏文，अधिकार，adhikāra， अधिकार) is control. Adhite (藏文，अधिते，adhite， अधिते) is adding.