Chinese
技艺想。于恶慧所生善慧想。于善慧所生恶慧想。彼由如是心颠倒故。于非忠信无有技艺恶慧臣所敬重爱养。忠信技艺善慧臣所反生轻贱。又诸臣等年耆衰迈。曾于长夜供奉侍卫。知其无势无力无勇。遂不敬爱不赐爵禄不酬其赏。设被陵蔑舍而不问。如是名王不知差别忘所作恩。 云何名王一向纵任专行放逸。谓有国王。于妙五欲一向沉没。耽着嬉戏爱乐受行。不能时时勖励方便作所应作劳赉群臣。如是名王一向纵任专行放逸。若有国王成就如是九种过失。虽有大府库有大辅佐有大军众而不可归仰。大王当知。此九过失。是王自性之过失也。 云何名为王之功德。大王当知。王功德者。略有九种。王若成就如是功德。虽无大府库无大辅佐无大军众而可归仰。何等为九。一得大自在。二性不暴恶。三愤发轻微。四恩惠猛利。五受正直言。六所作谛思善顺仪则。七顾恋善法。八善知差别知所作恩。九不自纵任不行放逸。 云何名王得大自在。谓有国王。自随所欲作所应作劳赉群臣。于妙五欲欢娱游戏。于诸大臣辅相国师群臣等。所凡出教命宣布无碍。如是名王得大自在。 云何名王性不暴恶。谓有国王。诸群臣等随于何处。虽行增上不如意事。性能容忍不现摈黜。不发。言亦不咆勃。广说乃至不 现代汉语译本 对于技艺产生邪慧的想法。对于邪慧产生善慧的想法。对于善慧产生邪慧的想法。由于这样的心颠倒，对于不忠诚、没有技艺、邪慧的臣子，反而敬重爱护。对于忠诚、有技艺、善慧的臣子，反而轻视贱待。还有那些年老体衰的臣子，曾经长久地侍奉，因为知道他们没有权势、没有力量、没有勇气，就不敬重爱护，不赐予爵位俸禄，也不酬谢他们的功劳。即使受到欺凌侮辱，也置之不理。这样的国王，就是不知差别，忘记了别人曾经给予的恩惠。 什么样的国王叫做一味放纵，专断放逸呢？就是说有的国王，沉溺于美妙的五欲之中，贪恋嬉戏，喜欢享受。不能时时勤勉努力，想方设法去做应该做的事情，犒劳群臣。这样的国王就是一味放纵，专断放逸。如果一个国王具备了这九种过失，即使有很大的府库，有很大的辅佐力量，有强大的军队，也不值得依靠。大王您要知道，这九种过失，是国王自身固有的过失啊。 什么样的行为可以称之为国王的功德呢？大王您要知道，国王的功德，大概有九种。国王如果具备了这些功德，即使没有很大的府库，没有很大的辅佐力量，没有强大的军队，也值得依靠。是哪九种呢？一是获得大自在。二是天性不暴虐。三是愤怒轻微。四是施恩迅速。五是听取正直的言论。六是所作所为经过周密思考，合乎礼仪规范。七是顾念善法。八是善于分辨，知道感恩。九是不自我放纵，不行为放逸。 什么样的国王叫做获得大自在呢？就是说有的国王，能够按照自己的意愿，做应该做的事情，犒劳群臣。在美妙的五欲中欢娱游戏。对于各位大臣、辅相、国师、群臣等，凡是发出的教令，宣布畅通无阻。这样的国王叫做获得大自在。 什么样的国王叫做天性不暴虐呢？就是说有的国王，对于各位臣子，无论在什么地方，即使做了不如意的事情，也能够容忍，不立即斥责驱逐，不发怒，也不咆哮。甚至不...
English
English version He conceives of skill where there is unskill, conceives of good wisdom where there is evil wisdom, and conceives of evil wisdom where there is good wisdom. Because of such perversions of mind, he respects, cherishes, and nourishes ministers who are disloyal, unskilled, and of evil wisdom, while he despises and belittles ministers who are loyal, skilled, and of good wisdom. Furthermore, those ministers who are old and frail, who have served and attended him for a long time, knowing that they have no power, strength, or courage, he does not respect or cherish, does not grant them titles or rewards, nor does he repay their merits. Even if they are insulted or humiliated, he ignores them. Such a king does not know the difference and forgets the kindness done to him. What kind of king is called one who is always indulgent and acts recklessly? It is said that some kings are immersed in the five wonderful desires, indulging in amusements and delighting in enjoyment. They are unable to constantly encourage and facilitate the performance of what should be done and reward their ministers. Such a king is always indulgent and acts recklessly. If a king possesses these nine faults, even if he has a large treasury, great support, and a large army, he is not worthy of reliance. Great King, know that these nine faults are the inherent faults of a king. What can be called the merits of a king? Great King, know that the merits of a king are roughly ninefold. If a king possesses these merits, even if he has no large treasury, no great support, and no large army, he is worthy of reliance. What are the nine? First, he obtains great freedom. Second, his nature is not violent or evil. Third, his anger is mild. Fourth, his benevolence is swift. Fifth, he accepts honest words. Sixth, his actions are carefully considered and in accordance with proper conduct. Seventh, he cherishes good Dharma (teachings). Eighth, he is good at discerning and knows how to be grateful. Ninth, he does not indulge himself and does not act recklessly. What kind of king is called one who obtains great freedom? It is said that some kings are able to do what should be done according to their own wishes and reward their ministers. They enjoy themselves in the five wonderful desires. For all the ministers, advisors, national teachers, and other officials, the decrees they issue are announced without hindrance. Such a king is called one who obtains great freedom. What kind of king is called one whose nature is not violent or evil? It is said that some kings, for all the ministers, no matter where they are, even if they do things that are not to his liking, are able to tolerate them, not immediately scolding or expelling them, not becoming angry, nor roaring. Even not... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
生愤发亦不对面。亦不背面而作前事。亦不内意秘匿忿缠。亦不长夜蓄恶愤心相续不舍。不现暴恶不背暴恶。不匿暴恶不久暴恶。如是名王性不暴恶。 云何名王愤发轻微。谓有国王。诸群臣等虽有大愆有大违越。而不一切削其封禄夺其妻妾。不以重罚而刑罚之。随过轻重而行黜罚。如是名王愤发轻微。 云何名王恩惠猛利。谓有国王诸群臣等。正直现前供奉侍卫。其心清净其心调顺。于时时中以正圆满软言慰喻。具足颁锡爵禄勋庸而不令彼损耗稽留劬劳怨恨。易可供奉不难承事。如是名王恩惠猛利。 云何名王受正直言。谓有国王。诸群臣等实有聪睿无聪睿慢。无浊无偏善闲宪式。情无违叛乐修善法。听受信用如是辈人所进言议。由此因缘国务财宝。名称善法皆悉增盛。如是名王受正直言。 云何名王所作谛思善顺仪则。谓有国王性能究察能审究察。性能思择能审思择。诸群臣等于彼彼务机密事中。不堪委任而不委任。堪委任者而委任之。不堪役者而不驱役。堪驱役者乃驱役之。应赏赉者而正赏赉。应刑罚者而正刑罚。凡有所为审思审择。然后方作而不卒暴。又于群臣能善安处先王仪则。由此群臣虽处宴会终不发言间绝余论。要待言终恭敬畏惮而兴谏诤。如其旨教而善奉行。能正安住王之 现代汉语译本 不当面发怒，也不背后发怒，不为过去的事情而发怒。不在内心隐藏和积蓄愤怒，不长期怀有恶意和愤怒，并且不舍弃。不表现出暴虐，不背地里暴虐，不隐藏暴虐，不长期暴虐。这样的国王被称为性格不暴虐。 什么样的国王被称为愤怒轻微？是指有些国王，对于臣子们，即使他们犯了很大的过错或有很大的违背，也不会全部剥夺他们的封地和俸禄，夺走他们的妻妾，不用重刑来惩罚他们，而是根据过错的轻重来施行贬黜和惩罚。这样的国王被称为愤怒轻微。 什么样的国王被称为恩惠猛利？是指有些国王，对于那些正直、在朝廷上尽心侍奉的臣子，他们的内心清净，他们的心调顺，时常用正确、圆满、温和的言语来安慰他们，充分地给予他们爵位、俸禄和功勋，不让他们受到损失、拖延、劳累、怨恨。容易侍奉，不难服侍。这样的国王被称为恩惠猛利。 什么样的国王被称为听取正直的言论？是指有些国王，对于那些真正有聪慧但没有聪慧的傲慢，没有污浊和偏私，精通法度，心无背叛，乐于修习善法的臣子，听取和信任这些人提出的建议。因为这个原因，国家事务、财富、名声和善法都能够增长兴盛。这样的国王被称为听取正直的言论。 什么样的国王被称为所作所为经过审慎思考，并且合乎仪则？是指有些国王，能够深入考察，能够审慎考察，能够思考选择，能够审慎思考选择。对于那些在各种机密事务中，不适合委任的臣子，就不委任他们；对于那些适合委任的臣子，就委任他们。对于那些不适合役使的人，就不驱使他们；对于那些适合驱使的人，才驱使他们。应该赏赐的，就公正地赏赐；应该惩罚的，就公正地惩罚。凡是所作所为，都经过审慎的思考和选择，然后才去做，不仓促草率。并且对于群臣，能够妥善地安排先王的仪则。因此，群臣即使在宴会上，也不会随意插话，一定要等到国王说完，才恭敬畏惧地提出谏诤，并且能够按照国王的旨意很好地奉行，能够端正地遵守国王的。
English
English version He does not get angry face to face, nor does he get angry behind someone's back, nor does he get angry about past events. He does not inwardly conceal and accumulate anger, nor does he harbor malice and anger for a long time, and does not abandon it. He does not exhibit violence, does not secretly act violently, does not hide violence, and does not prolong violence. Such a king is called one whose nature is not violent. What kind of king is called one whose anger is mild? It refers to some kings who, even if their ministers have committed great faults or have greatly transgressed, do not completely strip them of their fiefs and stipends, do not seize their wives and concubines, and do not punish them with severe penalties, but rather impose demotion and punishment according to the severity of the faults. Such a king is called one whose anger is mild. What kind of king is called one whose grace is vigorous? It refers to some kings who, towards those ministers who are upright and diligently serve in the court, whose hearts are pure, and whose minds are disciplined, often comfort them with correct, complete, and gentle words, and fully bestow upon them titles, stipends, and merits, without causing them loss, delay, fatigue, or resentment. They are easy to serve and not difficult to attend to. Such a king is called one whose grace is vigorous. What kind of king is called one who listens to upright words? It refers to some kings who, towards those ministers who are truly intelligent but without the arrogance of intelligence, without impurity and partiality, are well-versed in laws and regulations, whose hearts are without rebellion, and who are happy to cultivate good deeds, listen to and trust the advice offered by such people. Because of this, state affairs, wealth, reputation, and good deeds can all increase and flourish. Such a king is called one who listens to upright words. What kind of king is called one whose actions are carefully considered and in accordance with etiquette? It refers to some kings who are able to thoroughly investigate, able to carefully investigate, able to think and choose, and able to carefully think and choose. For those ministers who are not suitable to be entrusted with various confidential matters, they are not entrusted; for those who are suitable to be entrusted, they are entrusted. For those who are not suitable to be employed, they are not driven; for those who are suitable to be driven, they are driven. Those who should be rewarded are justly rewarded; those who should be punished are justly punished. All actions are carefully considered and chosen before they are done, without haste or rashness. Furthermore, towards the ministers, they are able to properly arrange the etiquette of the former kings. Therefore, even at banquets, the ministers will not interrupt casually, but will wait until the king has finished speaking before respectfully and fearfully offering their advice, and they will be able to follow the king's instructions well, and be able to uprightly abide by the king's. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 教命。如是名王所作谛思善顺仪则。
Chinese
云何名王顾恋善法。谓有国王信知他世。由信善故。便于当来净不净业爱非爱果能善信解。由信解故具足惭耻而不纵情作身语意三种恶行。时时思择布施修福受斋学戒。如是名王顾恋善法。 云何名王善知差别知所作恩。谓有国王于诸大臣辅相国师及群臣等。心无颠倒能善了知忠信技艺智慧差别。若诸群臣忠信技艺及与智慧。若有若无并如实知。于其无者轻而远之。于其有者敬而爱之而正摄受。又诸臣等年耆衰迈。曾于长夜供奉侍卫。虽知无势无力无勇。然念昔恩转怀敬爱而不轻贱。爵禄勋庸分赏无替。如是名王善知差别知所作恩。云何名王不自纵任不行放逸。谓有国王。于妙五欲而不沉没。耽着嬉戏爱乐受行。能于时时勖励方便作所应作劳赉群臣。如是名王不自纵任不行放逸。若王成就如是功德。虽无大府库无大辅佐无大军众而可归仰。大王当知。如是九种王之功德。是王自性之功德也。 云何名为王衰损门。大王当知。王衰损门略有五种。一不善观察而摄群臣。二虽善观察而摄群臣。无恩妙行纵有非时。三专行放逸不思机务。四专行放逸不守府库。五专行放逸不修法行。如是五种。皆悉名为王衰损门。云何名王不善观察而摄群臣。谓有国王。于群臣等不能 现代汉语译本 教命。这被称为国王所应遵循的真实、思考、善良、顺从的仪则。 什么叫做国王顾念善法？是指国王相信有来世。由于相信善，对于未来世的清净或不清净的业，以及可爱或不可爱的果报，能够很好地信受理解。由于信受理解，就具备惭愧之心，而不放纵自己去做身、语、意三种恶行。时常思考布施、修福、受斋、学戒。这叫做国王顾念善法。 什么叫做国王善于了解差别，知道所受的恩惠？是指国王对于各位大臣、辅相、国师以及群臣等，心中没有颠倒，能够很好地了解忠诚、技艺、智慧的差别。对于各位群臣的忠诚、技艺以及智慧，无论是有还是没有，都能如实地知道。对于没有这些品质的人，轻视而疏远他们。对于有这些品质的人，尊敬而爱护他们，并公正地接纳他们。此外，对于那些年老体衰的大臣，曾经长久地供奉侍卫自己，即使知道他们现在没有权势、没有力量、没有勇气，仍然感念他们过去的恩情，更加怀着敬爱之心，而不轻视他们。在爵位、俸禄、功勋、赏赐方面，分发赏赐没有遗漏。这叫做国王善于了解差别，知道所受的恩惠。 什么叫做国王不放纵自己，不放逸行事？是指国王对于美妙的五欲（色、声、香、味、触）不沉溺其中，不耽于嬉戏，不贪爱享乐。能够时常勉励自己，想方设法去做应该做的事情，慰劳赏赐群臣。这叫做国王不放纵自己，不放逸行事。如果国王成就了这样的功德，即使没有大的府库，没有大的辅佐，没有大的军队，也可以被人们归附仰仗。大王您应当知道，这九种国王的功德，是国王自身具有的功德。 什么叫做国王衰败的途径？大王您应当知道，国王衰败的途径大致有五种：一是不善于考察就任用群臣；二是即使善于考察才任用群臣，但没有恩惠美好的行为，即使有赏赐也不合时宜；三是只顾放纵享乐，不考虑国家政事；四是只顾放纵享乐，不守护府库；五是只顾放纵享乐，不修习佛法。这五种情况，都叫做国王衰败的途径。什么叫做国王不善于考察就任用群臣？是指国王对于群臣等，不能……