English
The word corresponds to Skt. > Julien’s version, iii. 54; Beal’s, ii. 177: cf. T. Watters, Yuan Chwang, ii. 172. * In Legge’s version, p. 81; in Beal’s, prefixed to Si-yu-ki, p. Iviii. * See Bigandet, 3rd ed., ii. 151. ^ See Bigandet, 3rd ed., i, p. v. ® So Weber, Ind. Streifen, iii. 20. “ Bennett, 111-116; Bigandet, 3rd ed., ii. 9-19. Precise agreements: Bennett 112a=Bigandet 12a; 112c=12c; 114a=15c. The village is Nalaka in Be. 113 d, and Nalanda in Bi. 15 b. By the Editor of this Scries xlvii apavaraka} ‘ bedroom, chamber.’ There can be no doubt that ovarako means, like vdsaka and vdsagrha, ‘ bedroom, chamber.’ It is equally clear i\xB.ijdt-ovarako means, Y\kQ jdta-vdsalca and jdta-veSman and jdta-vdsagrUa- ‘ lying-in room, room of one s birth.’ In the fifth volume of the Jataka wo find, in fact, that the text has (v. 125^': 1891) Ndlagdmake jdtovarake parinihhdyi’, and the translation (v. 65; 1905), ‘died in the vUlage of Nala, in the very room whore ho was born.’ If some cynical reader is reminded by tho above discussion of that concerning the inscription in chapter xi (voL i) of the Pickwick Papers, wo must admit that, in so far as the solution of that famous problem in epigraphy turned on a matter of correct division, the likeness is a true one, A Hindu Ararat, ‘Havaprabhransana.* —The case is not isolated. Mountains, as well as villages, have sprung into being at the magic of misdivision. Thus the MSS. of AV. xix. 39. 8 read ydtra ndvaprahlirdn- ^anam ydtra himdvatak Hrah^ ‘ where there is no (nd) faUing-away-down (ava'pTahhrdn^aym i Whitney, Gram., § 1150. 1 c, ed. 1879 ; 1 e, ed. 1889), where is tho head (summit, peak) of Himalaya.’ This was ‘ emended ’ by Roth and Whitney (1855) to ndva-prahhrdrisanamy defined as a place-name, Ship’s-settling, das Sichsenken des Schiffes (PW. v. 1543: 1868; minor PW. iii. 198; 1882). In the Brahmana Legend of the Flood (§B. i. 8. 1®), a fish tows Manu’s ship (ark : ndvam) to a part of the ‘Northern mountain ’, and the peak where it settles down is called Manu’s Descent or Trianor avasarpanam ; and in the epos (MBh. iii. 187.48-50 = 12793-5), the loftiest peak of Himalaya, to which Manu makes fast the ship, is called The Making-fast of the Ship or ndu-handhanam. In 1865, Weber brought the conjectured Nava-prabhransana mountain into connexion with the localities of the §B. and MBh. (see Ind. Stud. ix. 423 ; Ind. Streifen, i. 11), and was followed with doubt or confidence by Grohmann and Griffith and MacdoneJl (History of Skt. Lit., p. 144). Ludwig took the word downright as a Bergname, Rigveda, vol. iii, p. 198. Bloomfield, at SBB. xlii. 679, is critical; while Whitney, at HOS. viii. 961, denounces tho whole procedure BO unsparingly that Macdonell (at JRAS., 1907, p. 1107) says ; ‘ Now, after reading Whitney’s note, I withdraw the name and identification without reservation.’ At Kathas. 32. 58, a man asks a woman for a lodging {nivasa) and she gives him an apavaraka, in which he and his companions sleep. Cf. also Dr. Hertel’s Glossary, under karapavaraka. “ See Kathas. 55. 183-198; 17. 66-67; 23,61-64; and cf. Milinda, pp. 82-3, ia^a- bhumi, Jala-nagaram, BUST UM PSIII S-M- ARK xlviil Notes on the Externals of Indian Books One of the ‘ hosts ’ of Mara : Arati or Eati.— In naming the ‘ hosts ’ of Mara, the Sutta-nipata (436) says: kdmd te pathamd send, dutiyd arati vuccati (presumably pronounced dutiydrati). The Mahavastu (2. 240) has dvitiyd arati (MS. dyati) vuccati. The Lalita-vistara (329 3) reads dvitiyd te ratis tatlid. This might of course mean either aratis (compare Mara’s daughters, Tanha, Arati, Raga) or ratis-. at any rate, uncertainty is the legitimate outcome of such ambiguous combinations. Misdivision gives rise to ‘ ghost-words ‘ Ghost-words ’ is the name given by Skeat to ‘ words which had never any real existence, being mere coinages duo to the blunders of printers or scribes &c. Thus, by mistaking long/for/, we have eftures from esturea = estres. As a Sanskrit ghost- word we may cite ‘ samydda, “ conversation ” (gad + sam) ’. This was inferred by Benfey from the passage viprw .0 rmlcsilcddydS ca du-dasangdd adodnah, Mark. Purana 35. 21, ‘sparks, flies, &c., do not become impure by contact with what is impure.’ This was recorded by him in his Dictionary, and taken over by Williams in his ed. of 1872; it was corrected by Bohtlingk and Roth (PW. vii. 535), and eliminated from the new edition of Williams. Dr. Hortel adds that the word ‘discourse, conversation,’ which Apto gives in its place,’ seems to be another ghost-word begotten by the ghost-word samgdda, perhaps with a reminiscence of the real word go-^thl. * The Practical Sanskrit-EDglish Dictionary, Poona, 1890, p. 1079. Hemaarks on the coUotype plates which foUow.—Figure 1 of plate I and figure 7 of plate II are a trifle smaller than the originals. The red dots which are scattered over the leaves of”tho originals do not show in these collotype reproductions. Under figure 8 of plate U, verso is a misprint for recto. Fiaure 14 of plate II is not quite clear. According to the reproduction, it might seem as if the MS. read vravlt in line 2 and ^vruvlt in line 3; but the readings hravlt and 'hruvlt are quite distinct in the original. 3 ^ (1 C f j h ! k n 1" r 1 f % V ^ ^ • • • — i~> ■ rx ' • 3 j i s 1 (i ^ I *1 'I III 11 12 13 U 15 ? ^E;;sr::'^iai3feS!iig?iaSJlJIH r 9 i 4 .4 \4 ir;:t-‘ii;';M?rj/M) i: (; Wroi§§9ilff^v55!.^^ ■; ^ A ■* \ fri' r/**r*‘..-.is . tO i • ••^—****V M ->'! _ sr\ A u A' >• j ji?PHpg^ 3 JW H , ^ 3. if . 1 ' ' ..is'-: ifi 11 12 13 H 15 Xi'. 1,-V fiA 5irj?wai!i!^tei5§i n h r l-FfiiL t' frtl. 3 ri‘ct, I aWl^fl'RRi^ i^wiSwipiii •’ X", l.-Friiiii’t'fol,{;ivi'ftu, _ S..,i-’l'US2Mto. XVi-ffOBbbfollSjMlo. Sii.S,-fronililifgLlK\i'rsi). c 4 e I g ‘ Pill WlSTOI^ . W SoJ.-ftoiuVfoLSj X". f.-Fwni V M. Si WlVi. So.lo.-FriiyW.eirw- •JVr.f'’ !iiaiiii!iiraR''nfimlii £®l|5JW(!r So. lS.-FmutW.JvrA I mi : Il^a^Wl?lliiP3l . 3!Wi|jJIi?I ’"*"* *•• ' 1 (JJIlj ' 3 .No. H.-FrouitfoLSvcrw, siijafliwra (igpfliW So. 15,-Froiu’f U1* vmu II sri II i <ft’!ii'jan ^^Tt' 5nrf? p%: Tl?T^' * II a I 3Tf% <lf^ T ^ lR9llOi ’Pnxi ^ irfw^ ’TO TTSTT ^^5 I TO H^: Mi4*TO: > ' ^ww: i e 3TTO^rf^y^ 1 ai^ ^ tto ^fro’T. 3IT^ iT l qH I ’Tt: t ^TTO IpTf • ’H.ITTOf’ig^ f^^WK- I ^ TPTO. TO^ft % arft TT^ ^ ^IN^fft I aTTO 9 aT^TO^<ng^’^t • ^TTOTcft ^fft ^T*(. I (fm,fh" ^"^<1. II^II <1^1 ^ I <i<(i ^lii • ^ *1 *1 11 ’fit ^n^’T • ’T f^^i*i. •! wf^Twr^ II ^ H TO I TO '^i’TO(. TO^^q^lro. * i ar^r^i^: u lil^: 1^fe. TO^ ^i^Kui I TTf ^iTO. arf^ tro^ * wft wWjTOnftr I ?nft ^fTff’rtv’i i aro TOwn: gTf7fTOrr- vm: TO I ^ ’ arro^Tt ^ftTOro: i n^jro^fl’nf^ TOUroftr i tr^ is ^i^TOT’i H^yn^$ f^TOTTH' i ^ ^ ' ’HTi I aniTOTt iu<.^iw fTOTJ I 21 ^K*(. rrpynro B 8 II upa T(^ ar^jf^ froiprt ’TO TOnSt i ^ to 4 ^[to.i 21 INTRODUCTION. 2 ^ ^ I ^ -jft xjw[ P(!jii!*i^u!H. an^ ifr^r^ 1 ft i tutui fwirr^r. auJ^n^ irf^ ^reipRrafirPi I rrar ^rr^ i anr ^ ^rra^ni^5T f^Rfr^rfwrfiT i ar^ f^ Ta i i miJjTii s TTWR?!,^ I ^ I ^^(IT % ?TT^ I ^ K^T ^iftfir I cm: ^Of^ i ^^*111 I ^^in. ai>iR^^ rtWir i ^ ^ c f^if^ 3 T^ I fjfi g ^<f^ r f> - ^ifr^TTfiT 1f%^nrrH ai^rcpft i ^ irar^arw^imii: ^ ^iftm ■ cmt sf^ ^ ^ ?f^- f^rg^ < Tf^ I T?m ^nrWTWT^ TTfTT^ TT^ t% ^ ^ l f^d^ rT# gWT" TR. ^ f’rffTi apTO I f^^ir^rfti ttpi. aii^ii cT^ 12 • f^T^lTTf??: I I aiaMHUJISlH < aU?Ttf^TT^TttrrT i ^ mfzrrp(. % Tiarg^: 1 ^ ^fti cn^ arvtw itrr^ ^nTl?!rr: 1 fTri: irgw Vs\<i ipTr^Mi ^rnr ^VfTnrr^ 15 gfT% TTf^H I fl I ^ -itrTtl TOf^T Tnpft I ^ftfrnrTW m I ^ ^rcTfl^ armtf^ 1 ar^fig arf^ 11 q u is ii inT?^ u ^ i 3R f^^nmt -svrrN^wini TO Rmh ‘ s TT^^RPxt T^ I I snr: Tf^nn tn^ ' Tt^ I ^1wfnTr]ft ■roroft -jm I anrgsiTTO: ^mro i Tf^ i 7m: tittrj ^ T^jnrf^TO^^raWr^ i ^ i 'dMlP^dMlH 3nrf^ ' WR Tm ff T^HIR I d'di^n<<TOMi I ^fVro t^twtr lun 31^ 3T^ f^rom I xmrwr: i is 5T ^^3pr^^7n i.?^n n ? h ^ TO MTf% I ^ ^ H Tmf^ TOTR^ n JJ II ar 21 TR TOt 4 *l^<' !Jn *V t f^ ^TTTHTOTfn TOTO gaTRT ^Md i ^ ^TTT: sT^TOirm: ij^gjSfrof^TirTxm: f^ffTO^ ^TO^ 1^;^: I froS Tmrrf artwirf^: i TO ''ar ^ xTfF^Tf^ ^zrtt q di S uH MR^?t iAshI t^: 1 OT vrofeT^Rnrin^ 3 t^>tt 24 Book I. THE ESTRANGING OF FRIENDS; Frame-story: Lion and bull. A arfwfri: arftf Tnfr^ fwjft: f^- I fl ( VJ sT^TfR^ 3i^t^ ?rm i 3ir%^ * an^^riTSTRr: 17T^ Trt arwi: i wcr- ^ T^^nrt 5rw% i tt^ ^q^ ^g l^ TT in. T^rr^w^ ' wr I I Ti^ I ^ aiHnrT^i Tj^ 3 It1^ Trf^: I ^ h^tri: % ^rf^i ^mr ^ R^f^TTFC I I ^ ^pranf^ ' tR I cT^ ^ ’gxfHiN ?r^ ^rcr^nr^ ^ ‘^3r?rrf^^ wtr: I am aiTg:^T?ri^ ^ aimr- fOTiTTKi amrfhS: i ^TT^cWfirrR ^Tq^- ^mrfT!! arftfH^ ^TfW ?rf^.* i TT(!r? RyR I am ^ra[T^ ^'Sg^mR.^n: ^^J^ Rri e<g*H<=h^ H ar^R^: i ^ ^ ?T^mr ai armrt fngTi^ im RriwmWt i ^fifirw: f^frg^rrRi^ cm ’bttt: i m^f : I Rif^ ^TRmrR^rrftR: i ^-rt*^*^m*^l^^*^l4i ^ Tf^ am ^mnsr: Prame*story. OB, THE LION AND THE BULL. Book I. 5 Tale 1: Ape and wedge. I ^ ^ t ' TT^fn f^: ii m ii ar ^ I ^ ^rarr*' I ' ii^ii 6 3l<jM9P 3g Hl ^T? ^ < ^^ITP^aTfrT II'^11 ^ ^arerfwp^ arnsTHi 1 9 7ft ^ 44nt<n<fi*< 3HT3ft I I < ani nr^ arw^rrtft x^i wf^: 1 f^r^r^-nH. f^: i ^ I 3?^ I ^ ^ I 12 ai^qmnrg ti'iMK > ^ n;: 1 TW f^ ^nf^T' 11 ^ It II ^ ) II arftj i Trea[TB^ri^‘i 3 ?!