English
After the Buddha finished his alms round and returned to the monastery, he washed his feet, spread out his seat, and sat down, preparing to expound the Dharma to the assembly. Ananda, with his palms together, stepped forward and said to the Buddha, 'Just now, as I accompanied the World Honored One into the city for alms, I saw a child leading his blind parents, begging everywhere, and supporting them daily. It is truly rare.' The Buddha said, 'Ananda! Not only those who are householders, but also those who have left home, should all prioritize filial piety, the merits of which are immeasurable. Why is this so? Recalling countless past kalpas, when I was a seven-year-old boy, with a filial heart, I once cut off my own flesh to save my parents' lives from danger. Since then, benefiting from this merit, I have often been a heavenly emperor and a human king, and even until I became a Buddha, it was all due to this blessing.' Ananda said to the Buddha, 'I wish to hear about the past causes and conditions, how you saved your parents' lives. What exactly happened?' The Buddha said, 'Ananda! You should listen carefully, and I will now explain it to you in detail. In the ancient past, in this Jambudvipa, there was a great kingdom called Takshashila. The king at that time was named Deva, and he had ten princes, each ruling a kingdom. The youngest prince was named Good Abode, and his kingdom was peaceful and prosperous. At that time, there was an evil king in a neighboring country named Rahu, who wanted to invade. He colluded with wicked followers and launched an attack.' 。时善住王兵力不如，乃奔父国避其祸难。王有爱子其名善生，方在髫龀不忍弃遗，将妇抱儿匆遽出境，一路七日得至家邦，一路荒僻经十四程，勉力而负七日之储，登途慞惶误涉迂道，方行半路已绝糇粮，累日饥羸相顾殆尽。王作是念：‘事迫计穷，须弃一人可存二命。’乃谕夫人携儿前进，引刃于后欲斫妇身，用活幼儿兼以自济。善生回顾见父举刀，急白王言：‘勿杀于母！宁割我肉以充其粮，未闻有儿食于母肉。’勤诚泣谏母命获全。 “是时善生乃白王言：‘愿将身肉以救二亲，若割肉时勿令顿尽，渐可取食得延数程；若命绝者肉当臭烂，必为所弃于事无成。’是时父母谓善生曰：‘今为罪行非予本心，何忍举刀亲割汝肉？’于是王子先持利刀，自割身肉跪而奉之。王与夫人见是事已，悲啼懊恼久乃能食。经于数朝身肉都尽，未至他国饥急难堪；于骨节间复得少肉，赍之前途用接余命。时善住王及彼夫人，各以善言慰喻其子，聚首哀恋舍之遂行。尔时王子而作是念：‘我以身肉济活亲命，愿达乡国身安泰然，以此善根速获菩提，济度十方一切群品，使离众苦证真常乐。’发是愿时三千世界六种震动，欲、色诸天悉皆惊愕，即以天眼观于世间，乃见菩萨修是孝行。是诸天子于虚空中，合掌称赞泪堕如雨 现代汉语译本：当时，善住王兵力不如对方，于是逃奔到父亲的国家避难。国王有个心爱的儿子名叫善生，当时年纪还小，不忍心抛弃他，就带着妻子抱着儿子匆忙出境。他们一路走了七天到达了家乡，其中有十四天的路程是荒凉偏僻的，他们勉强背负了七天的粮食。在路上，他们因为慌乱而走错了路，走到一半的时候粮食就吃完了，连续几天饥饿虚弱，眼看就要全部饿死了。国王心想：‘事到如今，已经走投无路了，必须舍弃一个人才能保全另外两条性命。’于是他让夫人抱着儿子先走，自己则在后面举起刀，想要砍杀妻子，用她的肉来养活孩子并让自己活下去。善生回头看见父亲举刀，急忙对国王说：‘不要杀我的母亲！宁可割我的肉来充饥，没听说过有儿子吃母亲的肉的。’他恳切地哭着劝谏，母亲的性命才得以保全。 当时，善生对国王说：‘我愿意用自己的肉来救活父母，如果割肉的时候不要一次割完，可以慢慢地取食，这样可以多维持几天；如果人死了，肉就会腐烂，必定会被抛弃，那就什么都做不成了。’这时，父母对善生说：‘我们现在做这种罪恶的事情，并非本意，怎么忍心举刀亲手割你的肉呢？’于是王子先拿起利刀，自己割下身上的肉，跪着奉献给父母。国王和夫人看到这种情况，悲伤地哭泣，懊恼不已，过了很久才勉强吃下。过了几天，身上的肉都割完了，还没到别的国家，饥饿难忍；又在骨节之间找到少许肉，带着它继续赶路，用来维持生命。当时，善住王和他的夫人，都用好话安慰他们的儿子，他们聚在一起依依不舍地告别，然后继续赶路。这时，王子心想：‘我用自己的肉来救活父母的性命，希望能够平安到达家乡，以此善根迅速获得菩提，救度十方一切众生，使他们脱离各种痛苦，证得真常的快乐。’当他发出这个愿望时，三千世界发生了六种震动，欲界和色界诸天都感到惊愕，他们用天眼观察世间，才看到菩萨正在修行这种孝道。这些天子在虚空中，合掌称赞，泪如雨下。 English version: At that time, King Shanzhu's military strength was inferior, so he fled to his father's kingdom to avoid the disaster. The king had a beloved son named Shansheng, who was still young, and he couldn't bear to abandon him. So, he took his wife and son and hurriedly left the country. They traveled for seven days to reach their homeland, and fourteen days of the journey were desolate and remote. They barely carried seven days' worth of food. On the way, they got lost due to panic, and by the time they were halfway, their food was exhausted. They were weak from hunger for several days, and it seemed they were all about to starve to death. The king thought: 'The situation is desperate, and there is no other way. One person must be sacrificed to save the other two lives.' So, he told his wife to go ahead with their son, while he raised his knife behind them, intending to kill his wife to feed the child and himself. Shansheng looked back and saw his father raising the knife, and he quickly said to the king: 'Do not kill my mother! Rather, cut my flesh to satisfy your hunger. I have never heard of a son eating his mother's flesh.' He earnestly pleaded with tears, and his mother's life was spared. At that time, Shansheng said to the king: 'I am willing to use my own flesh to save my parents. When cutting the flesh, do not cut it all at once. Take it slowly, so that it can last for a few more days. If a person dies, the flesh will rot and be discarded, and nothing will be accomplished.' Then, the parents said to Shansheng: 'We are doing this sinful thing against our will. How can we bear to raise the knife and cut your flesh ourselves?' So, the prince first took the sharp knife and cut off his own flesh, kneeling and offering it to his parents. The king and his wife, seeing this, wept with grief and remorse. After a long time, they reluctantly ate it. After a few days, all the flesh on his body was gone, and they had not yet reached another country. They were unbearably hungry. They found a little more flesh between the joints, and they took it with them to continue their journey, using it to sustain their lives. At that time, King Shanzhu and his wife comforted their son with kind words. They gathered together, reluctant to part, and then continued on their way. At this time, the prince thought: 'I used my own flesh to save my parents' lives. I hope to reach my homeland safely, and with this good deed, quickly attain Bodhi, and save all beings in the ten directions, freeing them from all suffering and attaining true and lasting happiness.' When he made this wish, the three thousand worlds shook in six ways. The gods of the desire and form realms were all astonished. They observed the world with their heavenly eyes and saw that the Bodhisattva was practicing this filial piety. These heavenly beings in the void, with their palms together, praised him, and their tears fell like rain. 。 “时天帝释化作虎狼，试验菩萨，欲来吞啖。王子自念：‘此诸猛兽今来食我，唯有余骨悉皆施之，以欢喜心不生悔恼。’是时帝释还复本形，赞王子言：‘甚为希有，能以身肉济活二亲，如是孝心无能及也。汝须何愿，今当说之。’‘我唯志求无上佛道。’天帝复言：‘我今视汝身肉都尽，疲苦难堪，得无悔恨于父母耶？’王子答言：‘若我诚实心无悔恨，决定当来得成佛者，使我身肉倏然如故。’作是誓已即得平复。时天帝释及诸天人，同声赞言：‘善哉！善哉！’”佛告阿难：“往昔之时善住王者，岂异人乎？今净饭父王是；王夫人者，今摩耶夫人是；昔善生王子者，则我身是也。” 菩萨本生鬘论卷第一 大正藏第 03 册 No. 0160 菩萨本生鬘论 菩萨本生鬘论卷第二 圣勇菩萨等造 宋朝散大夫试鸿胪少卿同译经梵才大师绍德慧询等奉 诏译 最胜神化缘起第四 尔时世尊游化居止摩竭陀国王舍城中，将诸弟子大阿罗汉一千二百五十人俱。时彼国王名洴沙王，禀性仁贤久植德本，已证初果得不坏信，奉佛之心倍加隆厚，常以上妙饮食、衣服、卧具、医药供养如来及比丘众 现代汉语译本 ‘当时天帝释化身为虎狼，来试探菩萨，想要吞食他。王子心想：‘这些猛兽现在来吃我，我只有把剩下的骨头都施舍给它们，以欢喜心不生悔恨。’这时，帝释恢复了原来的样子，赞叹王子说：‘非常稀有啊，你能够用自己的肉来救活父母，这样的孝心无人能及。你有什么愿望，现在可以说了。’‘我只求证得无上佛道。’天帝又说：‘我看到你的肉都快没了，疲惫不堪，难道对父母没有悔恨吗？’王子回答说：‘如果我真心没有悔恨，决定将来能够成佛，就让我的身体立刻恢复如初。’发了这个誓言后，身体立刻恢复了。当时天帝释和诸天人，都同声赞叹说：‘太好了！太好了！’佛告诉阿难：‘过去时候的善住国王，难道是别人吗？就是现在的净饭父王；王夫人，就是现在的摩耶夫人；以前的善生王子，就是我的前身啊。’ 《菩萨本生鬘论》卷第一 大正藏第03册 No.0160 《菩萨本生鬘论》 《菩萨本生鬘论》卷第二 圣勇菩萨等造 宋朝散大夫试鸿胪少卿同译经梵才大师绍德慧询等奉 诏译 最胜神化缘起第四 当时，世尊在摩竭陀国王舍城游化居住，与一千二百五十位大阿罗汉弟子同行。当时的国王名叫洴沙王，天性仁慈贤德，长期积累善行，已经证得初果，获得了不坏的信心，对佛的敬奉之心更加深厚，经常用上好的饮食、衣服、卧具、医药供养如来和比丘僧众。 English version 'At that time, the Heavenly Emperor Śakra transformed into tigers and wolves to test the Bodhisattva, intending to devour him. The prince thought to himself, ‘These fierce beasts are now coming to eat me. I will give them all my remaining bones, with a joyful heart and without any regret.’ At that moment, Śakra returned to his original form and praised the prince, saying, ‘It is extremely rare that you are able to use your own flesh to save your parents. Such filial piety is unmatched. What is your wish? You may speak it now.’ ‘I only aspire to attain the supreme Buddhahood.’ The Heavenly Emperor then said, ‘I see that your flesh is almost gone, and you are exhausted. Do you not have any regret towards your parents?’ The prince replied, ‘If I am truly without regret and am destined to become a Buddha in the future, then let my body be restored to its original state immediately.’ After making this vow, his body was immediately restored. At that time, the Heavenly Emperor Śakra and all the heavenly beings praised in unison, ‘Excellent! Excellent!’ The Buddha told Ananda, ‘The King Good Abode of the past, was he anyone else? He is the present King Śuddhodana; the Queen, is the present Queen Māyā; and the Prince Good Birth of the past, is my former self.’ Bodhisattva Jataka Garland Treatise, Volume 1 Taisho Tripitaka Volume 03 No. 0160 Bodhisattva Jataka Garland Treatise Bodhisattva Jataka Garland Treatise, Volume 2 Composed by Saint Vīra Bodhisattva and others Translated by the Song Dynasty Court Official, Assistant Minister of the Court of Imperial Sacrifices, and Master of the Tripitaka, Śāode Huixun, etc., under Imperial Decree The Fourth Chapter: The Origin of the Most Excellent Divine Transformation At that time, the World Honored One was residing and teaching in Rājagṛha, the capital of Magadha, accompanied by his disciples, one thousand two hundred and fifty great Arhats. The king of that time was named King Bimbisāra, who was by nature benevolent and virtuous, had long cultivated good deeds, had already attained the first fruit, had gained indestructible faith, and whose devotion to the Buddha was even more profound. He constantly offered the Tathagata and the monastic community the finest food, clothing, bedding, and medicine. 。是时国中先有外道六师之徒富阑那等，久在王境宣布邪教，诳惑民庶信服者众，王有一弟崇尚其宗，四事钦承谓其有道。佛日初出法宝肇兴，王意殷勤俾令归向，固执邪说不从劝谕，乃白王言：“我自有师，不复致敬彼瞿昙也。”王复谓曰：“福田难遇，可营珍馔供养如来。”“然王所教理不敢违，当设大斋不限来者，若其自至我当延之。”备设饮食敷置床座，乃令从者密召六师，应命而来处尊而坐，佛及众僧不自来赴。王谓弟曰：“汝虽不能躬诣请佛，特遣一人白言时至。” 佛受请已，将诸大众威仪详肃来赴会所，见诸外道先踞高位，乃以神足移彼六师及徒众等皆置下行；彼咸相顾名起移坐，坐定复见已在其下，如此至三，俯仰而坐。次行净水，佛语施主：“先与汝师澡瓶口塞。”从佛为首水乃注下。次当施食，佛语施主：“当请汝师以施其食。”六师口噤不能出言，但指于佛，佛咒愿梵音清彻听者乐闻。次当行食，佛语施主：“先奉汝师。”食乃住空，持至佛所，食即还下。佛与众僧饭食已讫，盥漱齿木敷座而坐，次当说法。佛语施主：“令汝师说。”如前口噤，但指佛说。是时如来以梵音声，广为众会演微妙法，大众闻已咸悉了达。洴沙王弟心净信解，归依三宝得证初果 现代汉语译本：当时，国内先有外道六师的徒弟，如富兰那等人，长期在国王的领地宣扬邪教，欺骗迷惑百姓，信奉他们的人很多。国王有一个弟弟崇尚他们的宗派，在衣食住行四方面都恭敬地听从他们，认为他们有道行。佛陀的教法刚开始兴盛时，国王很殷勤地想让弟弟归向佛法，但他固执于邪说，不听劝告，就对国王说：‘我自有老师，不会再尊敬那个瞿昙了。’国王又对他说：‘福田难得，可以准备珍贵的食物供养如来。’他回答说：‘既然国王您这样教导，我不敢违背，就设盛大的斋宴，不限制来者，如果他们自己来，我就招待他们。’于是准备好饮食，铺设好床座，然后让随从秘密地召请六师，他们应邀而来，坐在尊贵的位置上。佛陀和众僧没有自己来赴宴。国王对弟弟说：‘你虽然不能亲自去请佛陀，也应该派一个人去告诉他时间到了。’ 佛陀接受邀请后，带领众弟子，威仪庄严地来到会场，看到那些外道已经先占据了高位，就用神足通把六师和他们的徒众