English
which is neither pleasant nor unpleasant, born of mental contact, a feeling of neither pain nor pleasure, a feeling of neither pain nor pleasure born of mental contact— this is called "from contact, feeling." Therein, what is from feeling, doubt? That wavering, that hesitating, that state of hesitation, perplexity, doubt, indecision, two-fold path, uncertainty, grasping at no definite conclusion, vacillation, hesitation, not comprehending, the state of being bewildered, the mind's confusion... – this is called “doubt conditioned by feeling.” Therein, what is existence conditioned by doubt? Excluding doubt, the feeling aggregate, the perception aggregate, the volitional formations aggregate, the consciousness aggregate – this is called “existence conditioned by doubt”…etc… Therefore it is said: “Thus is the origin of this entire mass of suffering.” 290. Which states are unwholesome? At the time when unwholesome consciousness has arisen, accompanied by equanimity, associated with restlessness, having a visible form as its object, or a sound as its object, or an odor as its object, or a taste as its object, or a tangible as its object, or a mental phenomenon as its object, or whatever it may be, at that time, volitional formation is conditioned by ignorance, consciousness is conditioned by volitional formation, mentality is conditioned by consciousness, the sixth sense-base is conditioned by mentality, contact is conditioned by the sixth sense-base, feeling is conditioned by contact, restlessness is conditioned by feeling, determination is conditioned by restlessness, existence is conditioned by determination, birth is conditioned by existence, aging and death are conditioned by birth. Thus is the origin of this entire mass of suffering. 291. Therein, what is ignorance? That unknowing, that not seeing…etc… the blindness of ignorance, delusion, the root of unwholesome – this is called “ignorance”…etc… this is called “contact conditioned by the sixth sense-base.” Therein, what is feeling conditioned by contact? That mental neutral feeling, not pleasant nor unpleasant, born of mental contact, the neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling born of mental contact – this is called “feeling conditioned by contact.” Therein, what is restlessness conditioned by feeling? That restlessness of mind, that uncalmness, that distraction of mind, that agitation of mind – this is called “restlessness conditioned by feeling.” Therein, what is determination conditioned by restlessness? That determination of mind, that deciding, that being intent on it – this is called “determination conditioned by restlessness.” Therein, what is existence conditioned by determination? Excluding determination, the feeling aggregate, the perception aggregate, Name aggregate, aggregate of volitional formations, aggregate of consciousness – this is called "from determination as condition, becoming"... therefore it is said "thus arises this entire mass of suffering." Exposition of the Unwholesome. 10. Exposition of the Wholesome 292. Which phenomena are wholesome? At that time, when a wholesome mind of the sense-sphere arises, accompanied by joy, associated with knowledge, having a visible form as object, or a sound as object, or an odor as object, or a taste as object, or a tangible object as object, or a mental phenomenon as object, or whatever else it may be, at that time: from wholesome roots as condition, volitional formations; from volitional formations as condition, consciousness; from consciousness as condition, name; from name as condition, the sixth sense-base; from the sixth sense-base as condition, contact; from contact as condition, feeling; from feeling as condition, serenity; from serenity as condition, determination; from determination as condition, becoming; from becoming as condition, birth; from birth as condition, old age and death. Thus arises this entire mass of suffering. 293. Therein, what are the wholesome roots? Non-greed, non-hatred, non-delusion. Therein, what is non-greed? That which is non-greed, non-coveting, the state of not coveting, non-attachment, non-clinging, the state of not clinging, non-covetousness, non-greed, a wholesome root – this is called "non-greed." Therein, what is non-hatred? That which is non-hatred, non-malice, the state of not being malicious, non-ill-will, non-harming, non-hatred, a wholesome root – this is called "non-hatred." Therein, what is non-delusion? That wisdom, understanding... non-delusion, investigation of phenomena, right view – this is called "non-delusion." These are called "wholesome roots." Therein, what is volitional formations from wholesome roots as condition? That volition, intentionality, the state of intending – this is called "volitional formations from wholesome roots as condition." Therein, what is consciousness from volitional formations as condition... name from consciousness as condition... the sixth sense-base from name as condition... contact from the sixth sense-base as condition... feeling from contact as condition... this is called "feeling from contact as condition." Therein, what is serenity from feeling as condition? That s- Firm faith, conviction, acceptance, serene confidence – this is called "confidence conditioned by feeling". Therein, what is decision conditioned by confidence? That decision of the mind, resolution, being intent on that – this is called "decision conditioned by confidence". Therein, what is existence conditioned by decision? Excluding decision, the aggregate of feeling, the aggregate of perception, the aggregate of formations, the aggregate of consciousness – this is called "existence conditioned by decision". ...and so on... Therefore it is said: "Thus arises this entire mass of suffering." 294. Which states are wholesome? At the time when a wholesome mind of the sense-sphere arises, accompanied by joy, conjoined with knowledge, with prompting, having a visible object, or... ...or accompanied by joy, disjoined from knowledge, having a visible object, or... ...or accompanied by joy, disjoined from knowledge, with prompting, having a visible object, or having a sound object, or having an odor object, or having a taste object, or having a tangible object, or having a mind-object, or whatever it may be that is taken as object, at that time: formations conditioned by wholesome roots, consciousness conditioned by formations, mentality conditioned by consciousness, the sixth sense-base conditioned by mentality, contact conditioned by the sixth sense-base, feeling conditioned by contact, confidence conditioned by feeling, decision conditioned by confidence, existence conditioned by decision, birth conditioned by existence, aging and death conditioned by birth. Thus arises this entire mass of suffering. 295. Therein, what are the wholesome roots? Non-greed, non-hatred. Therein, what is non-greed? That non-greed, not being greedy, the state of not being greedy, non-passion, not being infatuated, the state of not being infatuated, non-covetousness, non-greed as a wholesome root – this is called "non-greed". Therein, what is non-hatred? That non-hatred, not being hateful, the state of not being hateful, non-ill-will, non-malice, non-hatred as a wholesome root – this is called "non-hatred". These are called "wholesome roots". Therein, what are formations conditioned by wholesome roots? That volition, intention, the state of intending. —This is called “volitional formations conditioned by roots of skillfulness”…and so on… This is called “contact conditioned by the sixth sense-base.” Therein, what is feeling conditioned by contact? Whatever mental pleasantness, mental happiness, pleasant and happy feeling born of mental contact, pleasant and happy feeling born of mental contact— this is called “feeling conditioned by contact”…and so on… Therefore it is said: “Thus is the origin of this entire mass of suffering.” 296. What states are skillful? At the time when a skillful consciousness of the sense-sphere has arisen, accompanied by equanimity, associated with knowledge, having a visible object, or…and so on… accompanied by equanimity, associated with knowledge, with prompting, having a visible object, or a sound object, or an odor object, or a taste object, or a tangible object, or a mental object, or whatever it may be that is taken as an object— at that time, volitional formations are conditioned by roots of skillfulness, consciousness is conditioned by volitional formations, mentality is conditioned by consciousness, the sixth sense-base is conditioned by mentality, contact is conditioned by the sixth sense-base, feeling is conditioned by contact, serenity is conditioned by feeling, determination is conditioned by serenity, existence is conditioned by determination, birth is conditioned by existence, aging and death are conditioned by birth. Thus is the origin of this entire mass of suffering. 297. Therein, what are the roots of skillfulness? Non-greed, non-hatred, non-delusion— these are called “roots of skillfulness.” Therein, what is volitional formations conditioned by roots of skillfulness? Whatever volition, volitional action, the state of having willed— this is called “volitional formations conditioned by roots of skillfulness”…and so on… This is called “contact conditioned by the sixth sense-base.” Therein, what is feeling conditioned by contact? Whatever mental neither-pleasant-nor-unpleasantness, neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling born of mental contact, neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling born of mental contact— this is called “feeling conditioned by contact”…and so on… Therefore it is said: “Thus is the origin of this entire mass of suffering.” What states are skillful? At the time when a skillful consciousness of the sense-sphere A mind arises accompanied by equanimity, disjoined from knowledge, with a visible object, or... accompanied by equanimity, disjoined from knowledge, with prompting,