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that I should see." Him the Sangha suspends for not seeing the offense – a proper act. But here, monks, a monk has an offense to be remedied. Him the Sangha or many or one person admonishes – "You, friend, have fallen into an offense, remedy this offense." He says thus – "I have no offense, friend, that I should remedy." Him the Sangha suspends for not remedying the offense – a proper act. But here, monks, a monk has a bad view to be relinquished. Him the Sangha or The Sangha, or many, or one person, says: "Friend, your view is evil. Abandon this evil view." He says thus: "Friend, I have no evil view that I should abandon." The Sangha suspends him for not abandoning the evil view. This is a lawful act. Here, monks, a monk has an offense to be seen, he has an offense to be remedied... (and so on)... He has an offense to be seen, he has an evil view to be abandoned... (and so on)... he has an offense to be remedied, he has an evil view to be abandoned... (and so on)... he has an offense to be seen, he has an offense to be remedied, he has an evil view to be abandoned. The Sangha, or many, or one person, accuses him: "Friend, you have fallen into an offense. Do you see this offense? Remedy this offense. Your view is evil. Abandon this evil view." He says thus: "Friend, I have no offense that I should see. Friend, I have no offense that I should remedy. Friend, I have no evil view that I should abandon." The Sangha suspends him for not seeing, or not remedying, or not abandoning. This is a lawful act. The discourse on unlawful acts and so forth is concluded. 241. The Discourse on Upāli's Questions Then indeed, the venerable Upāli approached the Blessed One. Having approached, and saluted the Blessed One, he sat down to one side. Seated to one side, the venerable Upāli said to the Blessed One: "Venerable sir, if a united Sangha performs an act that should be done in person, not in person, is that a lawful act, venerable sir, an act according to the Vinaya?" "That, Upāli, is an unlawful act, an act not according to the Vinaya." "Venerable sir, if a united Sangha performs an act that should be done by questioning, without questioning... (and so on)... performs an act that should be done by admission, without admission... gives a declaration of sanity to one who deserves a declaration of sanity... gives a declaration of greater depravity to one who deserves a declaration of sanity..." performs a reproof on one who deserves a declaration of his evil deed… performs a suspension on one who deserves a reproof… performs an expulsion on one who deserves a suspension… performs a reconciliation on one who deserves an expulsion… performs a suspension from communion on one who deserves a reconciliation… gives probation to one who deserves a suspension from communion… reinstates to the beginning of probation one who deserves probation… gives penance to one who deserves reinstatement to the beginning of probation… rehabilitates one who deserves penance… ordains one who deserves rehabilitation. Is that, venerable sir, an act in accordance with Dhamma, an act in accordance with Vinaya? "That, Upāli, is an act not in accordance with Dhamma, an act not in accordance with Vinaya." "Indeed, Upāli, when a united Sangha performs an act that should be done in person, not in person, thus, Upāli, it is an act not in accordance with Dhamma, not in accordance with Vinaya, and moreover, the Sangha incurs an offense. Indeed, Upāli, when a united Sangha performs an act that should be done by questioning, without questioning… performs an act that should be done by acknowledgement, without acknowledgement… gives a declaration of sanity to one who deserves a declaration of mindfulness… performs a declaration of his evil deed on one who deserves a declaration of sanity… performs a reproof on one who deserves a declaration of his evil deed… performs a suspension on one who deserves a reproof… performs an expulsion on one who deserves a suspension… performs a reconciliation on one who deserves an expulsion… performs a suspension from communion on one who deserves a reconciliation… gives probation to one who deserves a suspension from communion… reinstates to the beginning of probation one who deserves probation… gives penance to one who deserves reinstatement to the beginning of probation… rehabilitates one who deserves penance… ordains one who deserves rehabilitation, thus, Upāli, it is an act not in accordance with Dhamma, not in accordance with Vinaya. And moreover, the Sangha incurs an offense." "But venerable sir, when a united Sangha performs an act that should be done in person, in person, is that, venerable sir, an act in accordance with Dhamma, an act in accordance with Vinaya?" "That, Upāli, is an act in accordance with Dhamma, an act in accordance with Vinaya." "But venerable sir, when a united Sangha He performs an act requiring questioning by questioning, he performs an act requiring acknowledgment by acknowledging, he gives a recollection discipline to one deserving a recollection discipline, he gives an undeluded discipline to one deserving an undeluded discipline, he performs a further punishment act for one deserving a further punishment act, he performs a reprimand act for one deserving a reprimand act, he performs a banishment act for one deserving a banishment act, he performs an expulsion act for one deserving an expulsion act, he performs a reconciliation act for one deserving a reconciliation act, he performs a suspension act for one deserving a suspension act, he gives probation to one deserving probation, he sends back to the beginning one deserving to be sent back to the beginning, he gives penance to one deserving penance, he rehabilitates one deserving rehabilitation, he ordains one deserving ordination. Is that, venerable sir, a Dhamma-act, a Vinaya-act? That, Upāli, is a Dhamma-act, a Vinaya-act. Indeed, Upāli, when a united Sangha performs an act requiring presence by being present, thus, Upāli, it is a Dhamma-act, a Vinaya-act. And thus the Sangha is not at fault. Indeed, Upāli, when a united Sangha performs an act requiring questioning by questioning, performs an act requiring acknowledgment by acknowledging, gives a recollection discipline to one deserving a recollection discipline, gives an undeluded discipline to one deserving an undeluded discipline, performs a further punishment act for one deserving a further punishment act, performs a reprimand act for one deserving a reprimand act, performs a banishment act for one deserving a banishment act, performs an expulsion act for one deserving an expulsion act, performs a reconciliation act for one deserving a reconciliation act, performs a suspension act for one deserving a suspension act, gives probation to one deserving probation, sends back to the beginning one deserving to be sent back to the beginning, gives penance to one deserving penance, rehabilitates one deserving rehabilitation, ordains one deserving ordination, thus, Upāli, it is a Dhamma-act, a Vinaya-act. And thus the Sangha is not at fault. there are three faults." 402. "When, venerable sir, a harmonious Sangha gives 'mindfulness-discipline' to one deserving 'non-delusion-discipline', and gives 'non-delusion-discipline' to one deserving 'mindfulness-discipline', is that, venerable sir, a disciplinary act in accordance with the Dhamma, in accordance with the Vinaya?" "That, Upāli, is an act not in accordance with the Dhamma, not in accordance with the Vinaya." "When, venerable sir, a harmonious Sangha imposes 'further-punishment' on one deserving 'non-delusion-discipline', and gives 'non-delusion-discipline' to one deserving 'further-punishment'... ...imposes 'rebuke' on one deserving 'further-punishment', and imposes 'further-punishment' on one deserving 'rebuke'... ...imposes 'suspension' on one deserving 'rebuke', and imposes 'rebuke' on one deserving 'suspension'... ...imposes 'expulsion' on one deserving 'suspension', and imposes 'suspension' on one deserving 'expulsion'... ...imposes 'reconciliation' on one deserving 'expulsion', and imposes 'expulsion' on one deserving 'reconciliation'... ...imposes 'suspension from communion' on one deserving 'reconciliation', and imposes 'reconciliation' on one deserving 'suspension from communion'... ...gives 'probation' to one deserving 'suspension from communion', and imposes 'suspension from communion' on one deserving 'probation'... ...reinstates to the beginning one deserving 'probation', and gives 'probation' to one deserving 'reinstatement to the beginning'... ...gives 'penance' to one deserving 'reinstatement to the beginning', and reinstates to the beginning one deserving 'penance'... ...reinstates one deserving 'penance', and gives 'penance' to one deserving 'reinstatement'... ...gives higher ordination to one deserving 'reinstatement', and reinstates one deserving 'higher ordination', is that, venerable sir, a disciplinary act in accordance with the Dhamma, in accordance with the Vinaya?" "That, Upāli, is an act not in accordance with the Dhamma, not in accordance with the Vinaya." "When, Upāli, a harmonious Sangha gives 'mindfulness-discipline' to one deserving 'non-delusion-discipline', and gives 'non-delusion-discipline' to one deserving 'mindfulness-discipline', thus, Upāli, it is an act not in accordance with the Dhamma, not in accordance with the Vinaya. And thus the Sangha is at fault. When, Upāli, a harmonious Sangha imposes 'further-punishment' on one deserving 'non-delusion-discipline', and gives 'non-delusion-discipline' to one deserving 'further-punishment'... To one deserving the act of 'you are worse', he performs the act of 'rebuke'. To one deserving the act of 'rebuke', he performs the act of 'you are worse'. To one deserving the act of 'rebuke', he performs the act of 'suspension'. To one deserving the act of 'suspension', he performs the act of 'rebuke'. To one deserving the act of 'suspension',