English
English version: What are the seven anusayas (latent tendencies)? Answer: 1. Kama-raga anusaya (latent tendency of sensual lust); 2. Pratigha anusaya (latent tendency of aversion); 3. Rupa-raga anusaya (latent tendency of attachment to form); 4. Mana anusaya (latent tendency of conceit); 5. Avijja anusaya (latent tendency of ignorance); 6. Ditthi anusaya (latent tendency of views); 7. Vicikiccha anusaya (latent tendency of doubt). What is Kama-raga anusaya (latent tendency of sensual lust)? Answer: If there is greed, intense greed, etc., for various desires, this is called Kama-raga anusaya (latent tendency of sensual lust). What is Pratigha anusaya (latent tendency of aversion)? Answer: If there is a desire to harm sentient beings, this is called Pratigha anusaya (latent tendency of aversion). What is Rupa-raga anusaya (latent tendency of attachment to form)? Answer: If there is greed, intense greed, etc., for the realms of form and formlessness, this is called Rupa-raga anusaya (latent tendency of attachment to form). What is Mana anusaya (latent tendency of conceit)? Answer: All kinds of conceit and arrogance, this is called Mana anusaya (latent tendency of conceit). What is Avijja anusaya (latent tendency of ignorance)? Answer: Lack of wisdom in the three realms is called Avijja anusaya (latent tendency of ignorance). What is Ditthi anusaya (latent tendency of views)? Answer: The five views are called Ditthi anusaya (latent tendency of views), namely, Satkayaditthi (belief in a permanent self), Antagrahaditthi (belief in extremes), Micchaditthi (wrong view), Ditthupadana (clinging to views), and Silabbatupadana (clinging to rites and rituals). These five views are called Ditthi anusaya (latent tendency of views). What is Vicikiccha anusaya (latent tendency of doubt)? Answer: Hesitation about the truth is called Vicikiccha anusaya (latent tendency of doubt). What are the seven faultless things? What are the seven faultless things? Venerable sir, know that a noble disciple, having planted pure roots of faith in the Tathagata (the Buddha), abides firmly, and is not led astray by any Sramana (ascetic), Brahmana (priest), Mara (demon), Brahma (god), or anyone else in the world, this is called the first faultless thing. Furthermore, venerable sir, a noble disciple dwells in pure precepts, diligently guarding them, fully observing the rules and conduct of the Patimokkha (code of monastic discipline), seeing great fear in the slightest offenses, and constantly learning and upholding the precepts without violation, this is called the second faultless thing. Furthermore, venerable sir, a noble disciple associates with good friends, is a good companion, and interacts with good people, this is called the third faultless thing. Furthermore, venerable sir, a noble disciple delights in dwelling in solitude, possessing two kinds of seclusion, namely, physical seclusion and mental seclusion, this is called the fourth faultless thing. Furthermore, venerable sir, a noble disciple dwells diligently, with strength, effort, courage, and firmness, never abandoning the yoke of good deeds, this is called the fifth faultless thing. Furthermore, venerable sir, a noble disciple dwells with mindfulness, possessing the supreme and constant faculty of mindfulness, able to remember what has been done and said for a long time, this is called the sixth faultless thing. Furthermore, venerable sir, a noble disciple dwells with wisdom, possessing the world --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
间有出没慧、圣慧、出慧、善通达慧，彼所作慧正尽苦慧，是名第七无过失事。于如来所修植净信者，云何如来？答：应正等觉说名如来。云何净信？答：若依出离远离所生善法，诸信信性广说乃至心清净性，故名净信。即此净信于如来所，已修植当修植现修植，是故说为于如来所修植净信根生等言，如前广说。是名第一者，渐次顺次相续次第数为第一。无过失事者，谓能显示清净永断。安住净戒者，云何净戒？答：诸所作业，谓身律仪、语律仪、命清净，是名净戒。安住者，谓成就净戒，修行胜行进趣契会，故名安住。精勤守护别解脱律仪者，云何别解脱？答：谓诸如来、应、正等觉广说，乃至佛薄伽梵自知自见，为诸苾刍半月半月常所宣说别解脱契经，是名别解脱。问：何缘说此名别解脱？答：最胜善法由此为门、此为上首、此为初缘，别行别住，由斯故立别解脱名。精勤守护此律仪者，谓于如是别解脱法，恒随作恒随转，由斯故说精勤守护别解脱律仪。轨则所行无不具足者，谓诸苾刍众有五非轨则及五非所行。云何名为五非轨则？答：一、他胜罪；二、众余罪；三、堕煮罪；四、别首罪；五、恶作罪。云何名为五非所行？答：一、国王家；二、执恶家；三、淫女家；四、音乐家；五、酤酒家。诸圣弟子于此所说 现代汉语译本 间或有出没慧（能够洞察事物生灭的智慧）、圣慧（圣人的智慧）、出慧（超越世俗的智慧）、善通达慧（能够很好地理解和通达事物的智慧），这些智慧所产生的智慧能够真正地断尽痛苦，这被称为第七种没有过失的事情。 对于在如来（佛陀的十个称号之一，指证悟真理的人）那里修植清净信心的人，什么是如来呢？回答：应正等觉（如来的一个称号，指完全觉悟的人）被称为如来。什么是清净信心呢？回答：如果依靠出离（脱离世俗的欲望）、远离（远离烦恼）所产生的善法，各种信心、信的性质，广泛地说乃至心的清净的性质，因此被称为清净信心。就是这种清净信心，在如来那里，已经修植、将要修植、现在修植，因此说为在如来那里修植清净信根生等等，如前面广泛所说。这被称为第一，是渐次、顺次、相续、次第，在数量上是第一。 没有过失的事情，是指能够显示清净、永远断除烦恼。安住于清净戒律，什么是清净戒律呢？回答：各种所作的事业，即身律仪（行为的规范）、语律仪（语言的规范）、命清净（生活方式的纯洁），这被称为清净戒律。安住，是指成就清净戒律，修行殊胜的行为，进取契合，因此被称为安住。 精勤守护别解脱律仪（佛教出家众所受持的戒律），什么是别解脱呢？回答：指诸如来、应、正等觉，广泛地说，乃至佛薄伽梵（佛陀的尊称）自己知道自己看见，为诸比丘（出家男子）每半个月经常宣说的别解脱契经（戒经），这被称为别解脱。问：为什么说这个叫做别解脱呢？回答：最殊胜的善法由此为门径、此为首要、此为最初的因缘，分别地修行，分别地安住，因为这个缘故建立别解脱这个名称。精勤守护这个律仪，是指对于像这样的别解脱法，恒常随顺地做，恒常随顺地运转，因为这个缘故说精勤守护别解脱律仪。 轨则所行无不具足，是指诸比丘众有五种非轨则和五种非所行。什么叫做五种非轨则呢？回答：一、他胜罪（最严重的罪）；二、众余罪（较轻的罪）；三、堕煮罪（需要忏悔的罪）；四、别首罪（需要个别忏悔的罪）；五、恶作罪（轻微的过失）。什么叫做五种非所行呢？回答：一、国王家；二、执恶家（从事恶劣职业的家庭）；三、**家；四、音乐家；五、酤酒家（卖酒的家庭）。诸圣弟子对于这些所说
English
English version Occasionally, there are emerging and disappearing wisdoms: wisdom of arising and ceasing (慧, understanding the impermanence of things), noble wisdom (圣慧, wisdom of the saints), transcendent wisdom (出慧, wisdom that goes beyond the mundane), and wisdom of skillful understanding (善通达慧, wisdom that thoroughly comprehends). The wisdom produced by these is the wisdom that truly exhausts suffering. This is called the seventh faultless matter. For those who cultivate pure faith in the Tathagata (如来, one of the titles of the Buddha, meaning 'Thus Gone' or 'Thus Come'), what is the Tathagata? Answer: One who is rightly and completely awakened (应正等觉, a title of the Buddha, meaning 'Worthy, Rightly, and Completely Awakened') is called the Tathagata. What is pure faith? Answer: If relying on the good dharmas arising from renunciation (出离, detachment from worldly desires) and detachment (远离, separation from afflictions), various faiths, the nature of faith, broadly speaking, even the nature of purity of mind, therefore it is called pure faith. This very pure faith, in the Tathagata, has been cultivated, will be cultivated, and is now being cultivated. Therefore, it is said that cultivating the root of pure faith in the Tathagata, etc., as explained extensively before. This is called the first, being gradual, sequential, continuous, and in order, it is the first in number. Faultless matters refer to those that can reveal purity and permanently cut off afflictions. Abiding in pure precepts, what are pure precepts? Answer: Various actions, namely bodily discipline (身律仪, regulation of physical actions), verbal discipline (语律仪, regulation of speech), and purity of livelihood (命清净, purity of living), are called pure precepts. Abiding means accomplishing pure precepts, practicing superior conduct, progressing towards and attaining conformity, therefore it is called abiding. Diligently guarding the Pratimoksha vows (别解脱律仪, the monastic code of discipline), what is Pratimoksha? Answer: It refers to the Sutra of Individual Liberation (别解脱契经, the scripture on monastic vows) that the Tathagatas, Worthy Ones, Rightly and Completely Awakened Ones, broadly speaking, even the Buddha Bhagavan (佛薄伽梵, a respectful title for the Buddha) know and see for themselves, and constantly proclaim to the Bhikshus (苾刍, ordained monks) every half month. This is called Pratimoksha. Question: Why is this called Pratimoksha? Answer: The most excellent good dharma takes this as its gateway, this as its head, this as its initial cause, practicing separately, abiding separately, therefore the name Pratimoksha is established. Diligently guarding this discipline means constantly following and acting in accordance with such Pratimoksha dharma, constantly following and turning in accordance with it, therefore it is said to diligently guard the Pratimoksha vows. Being complete in conduct and behavior means that the Bhikshu community has five non-conducts and five non-behaviors. What are the five non-conducts? Answer: 1. Parajika (他胜罪, the most severe offense); 2. Sanghavasesa (众余罪, a less severe offense); 3. Thullaccaya (堕煮罪, an offense requiring confession); 4. Patidesaniya (别首罪, an offense requiring individual confession); 5. Dukkata (恶作罪, a minor transgression). What are the five non-behaviors? Answer: 1. The house of a king; 2. The house of those who engage in evil deeds (执恶家, families involved in wicked professions); 3. The house of **; 4. The house of musicians; 5. The house of liquor sellers (酤酒家, families that sell alcohol). The noble disciples regarding these things that are spoken of --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
五非轨则、五非所行，常乐远离止息弃舍，于正轨则及正所行具足成就，由斯故说轨则所行无不具足。于微小罪见大怖畏者，谓于小罪起极怖想，由斯故说于微小罪见大怖畏。受学学处常无毁犯者，谓圣弟子不作是念：“我于如是如是学处应勤修学、我于如是如是学处不勤修学。”诸圣弟子常作是念：“一切如来、应、正等觉，广说乃至佛薄伽梵自知自见，凡所制立一切学处，我皆受学常无毁犯。”由斯故说受学学处常无毁犯。是名第二者，渐次顺次相续次第数为第二。无过失事者，谓能显示清净永断。亲近善友者，云何善友？答：一切如来、应、正等觉及佛弟子皆名善友。复次若有补特伽罗具戒具德，乃至广说，故名善友。于斯善友亲近等亲近极亲近，随顺承奉供养恭敬，是故说为亲近善友。云何名为善为伴侣？答：于断生命、若不与取、若欲邪行、若虚诳语、若饮诸酒，皆能远离止息弃舍厌患永断，说名谓善。与此善者为伴为侣，随顺趣向身心无二，是故说为善为伴侣。云何名为与善交通？答：若于具信具戒多闻具舍具慧，随转随属随顺不逆，是故说为与善交通。复次若于具足出离远离善法，随转随属随顺不逆，是故说为与善交通。复次若于具足出离远离善法，一乐一欲一喜一爱、同乐同欲同喜同爱，是故说为与 现代汉语译本 ‘五非轨则’、‘五非所行’，是指经常快乐地远离、止息和舍弃（五种）不合规矩的行为和不正确的行为，从而在正确的行为规范和正确的行为上达到圆满成就。因此说，（他在）行为规范和行为上没有不圆满的地方。（‘五非轨则’指不饮酒，不赌博，不邪淫，不妄语，不偷盗；‘五非所行’指不应该去的娱乐场所，不应该结交的恶友，不应该参与的非法活动等。） 对于微小的罪过，也能看到巨大的危害，这是指对于小的罪过，也能产生极大的恐惧感。因此说，对于微小的罪过，也能看到巨大的危害。 受持学习戒律，并且经常不违犯，这是指圣弟子不会这样想：‘我对于这样的戒律应该努力学习，对于那样的戒律则不努力学习。’ 诸位圣弟子经常这样想：‘一切如来、应供、正等觉（Tathagata, Arhat, Samyak-sambuddha），乃至佛薄伽梵（Buddha Bhagavan）自己知道自己看到，凡是所制定的所有戒律，我都要受持学习，并且经常不违犯。’ 因此说，受持学习戒律，并且经常不违犯。这被称为第二种（成就），是渐次、顺次、相续、次第的第二种。 ‘无过失事’，是指能够显示清净和永远断除（烦恼）。 ‘亲近善友’，什么是善友呢？回答：一切如来、应供、正等觉以及佛的弟子，都可以称为善友。 进一步说，如果有人具备戒律和功德，乃至广说（其他功德），就可以称为善友。 对于这样的善友，亲近、平等亲近、极度亲近，随顺、承奉、供养、恭敬，所以说为亲近善友。 ‘什么叫做善为伴侣？’回答：对于断绝生命、不给予就拿取（偷盗）、邪淫、虚假的言语、饮用各种酒，都能远离、止息、舍弃、厌恶、永远断除，这叫做善。 与这样的善人为伴侣，随顺趣向，身心无二，所以说为善为伴侣。 ‘什么叫做与善交通？’回答：对于具备信心、具备戒律、多闻、具备布施、具备智慧的人，随之运转、随之归属、随之顺从而不违逆，所以说为与善交通。 进一步说，对于具足出离、远离（世俗）、善法的人，随之运转、随之归属、随之顺从而不违逆，所以说为与善交通。 进一步说，对于具足出离、远离（世俗）、善法的人，在快乐、欲望、喜悦、爱恋上，同乐、同欲、同喜、同爱，所以说为与...