Chinese
断故受不起新受，非为充悦。为无罪存济而食所食者，存济有二种：一有罪存济；二无罪存济。云何有罪存济？答：如有一类矫妄诡诈现相激磨，以利求利而求饮食。如是方便得饮食已，欢喜受用，贪爱迷闷耽着不舍，不见过患不知出离，如是名为有罪存济。云何无罪存济？答：非如一类矫妄诡诈现相激磨，以利求利而求饮食。如实方便得饮食已，如法受用，不贪不爱不迷不闷不耽不着，能见过患善知出离，如是名为无罪存济。诸圣弟子但为如是无罪存济而食所食。为力乐故食所食者，谓圣弟子食所食时但起是心：我食此食，欲令身力得不衰退，心受喜乐能办善事。为安住故食所食者，谓圣弟子食所食时但起是心：我食此食，欲令行立坐卧读诵修定等时身心安隐。诸有如是不重饮食，于诸饮食有平等性、有知量性、有黠慧性，能了其相，既了相已，能自裁量，我今但应食尔所食，是谓于食知量。 复有二法，谓匮戒、匮见者，匮戒云何？答：断生命、不与取、欲邪行、虚诳语、离间语、粗恶语、杂秽语。复次若断生命、若不与取、若非梵行。复次诸所有不善戒、诸所有非理所引戒、诸所有障碍定戒，是谓匮戒。问：何故名匮戒？答：此法自性不可爱、不可乐、不可喜、不可意、不安隐、不正直、不可欣、不悦意 现代汉语译本 断绝了旧的感受，就不会再产生新的感受，这并不是为了满足欲望。为了无罪地维持生命而食用食物，维持生命有两种方式：一种是有罪的维持，一种是无罪的维持。什么是有罪的维持？回答：例如，有些人虚伪欺诈，装模作样，用利益来换取利益，从而获取食物。用这种方式得到食物后，他们欢喜地享用，贪婪地爱恋，迷惑沉溺，不肯舍弃，看不到其中的过患，也不知道如何解脱。这叫做有罪的维持。什么是无罪的维持？回答：不像有些人那样虚伪欺诈，装模作样，用利益来换取利益，从而获取食物。而是用如实的方式得到食物后，如法地享用，不贪婪，不爱恋，不迷惑，不沉溺，不耽着，能够看到其中的过患，并且清楚地知道如何解脱。这叫做无罪的维持。诸位圣弟子的食用食物，只是为了这种无罪的维持。为了获得力量和快乐而食用食物，是指圣弟子在食用食物时，只是这样想：我食用这些食物，是为了让身体的力量不衰退，让内心感受喜悦，从而能够做好事。为了安住而食用食物，是指圣弟子在食用食物时，只是这样想：我食用这些食物，是为了让我在行走、站立、坐卧、阅读、背诵、修习禅定时，身心能够安稳。那些不看重饮食的人，对于各种饮食持有平等的心态，有知量性（知道适量），有黠慧性（有智慧），能够了解食物的本质。了解了食物的本质后，就能够自我衡量，我现在应该只吃这么多。这就是对于食物的知量。 还有两种法，叫做匮戒（戒律上的缺失）和匮见（见解上的缺失）。什么是匮戒？回答：断绝生命、偷盗、邪淫、虚妄的言语、离间的话语、粗暴的言语、杂秽的言语。此外，如果断绝生命、如果偷盗、如果不是清净的行为。此外，所有不善的戒律、所有非理性的戒律、所有障碍禅定的戒律，这叫做匮戒。问：为什么叫做匮戒？回答：这种法的自性是不可爱、不可乐、不可喜、不可意、不安稳、不正直、不可欣、不悦意的。
English
English version Cutting off the old feeling, no new feeling arises, it is not for fulfillment. Eating what is eaten to maintain life without guilt, there are two kinds of maintenance: one is guilty maintenance; the other is innocent maintenance. What is guilty maintenance? Answer: For example, some people are hypocritical and deceitful, putting on appearances and seeking profit for profit to obtain food. Having obtained food in this way, they joyfully enjoy it, greedily love it, are confused and addicted, unwilling to give it up, do not see the faults in it, and do not know how to escape from it. This is called guilty maintenance. What is innocent maintenance? Answer: It is not like some people who are hypocritical and deceitful, putting on appearances and seeking profit for profit to obtain food. But having obtained food in a truthful way, they enjoy it according to the Dharma, without greed, without love, without confusion, without addiction, without attachment, able to see the faults in it, and clearly knowing how to escape from it. This is called innocent maintenance. The noble disciples eat what is eaten only for such innocent maintenance. Eating what is eaten for strength and joy means that when the noble disciples eat what is eaten, they only think: I eat this food to prevent my body's strength from declining, and to let my heart feel joy so that I can do good deeds. Eating what is eaten for dwelling means that when the noble disciples eat what is eaten, they only think: I eat this food to make my body and mind stable when I walk, stand, sit, lie down, read, recite, and practice meditation. Those who do not value food, have an equal mind towards all kinds of food, have a sense of knowing the amount (knowing moderation), have a sense of wisdom (having wisdom), and are able to understand the essence of food. Having understood the essence of food, they are able to measure themselves, I should only eat so much now. This is called knowing the amount of food. There are also two dharmas, called 'Kuei Jie' (deficiency in precepts) and 'Kuei Jian' (deficiency in views). What is 'Kuei Jie'? Answer: Cutting off life, stealing, sexual misconduct, false speech, divisive speech, harsh speech, and frivolous speech. Furthermore, if one cuts off life, if one steals, if one does not practice celibacy. Furthermore, all unwholesome precepts, all irrational precepts, all precepts that hinder meditation, this is called 'Kuei Jie'. Question: Why is it called 'Kuei Jie'? Answer: The nature of this dharma is unlovable, unpleasant, undesirable, disagreeable, unpeaceful, dishonest, unappealing, and displeasing. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
、违正理。复次此法能得不可爱果、不可乐果、不可喜果、不可意果、不安隐果、不正直果、不可欣果、不悦意果、违正理果。复次此法能感不可爱异熟、不可乐异熟、不可喜异熟、不可意异熟、不安隐异熟、不正直异熟、不可欣异熟、不悦意异熟、违正理异熟，故名匮戒。匮见云何？答：诸所有见，无惠施、无亲爱、无祠祀、无妙行无恶行、无妙行恶行业果异熟、无此世无他世、无母无父无化生有情，无世间阿罗汉正至正行，谓于此世他世自通达作证证知，我生已尽、梵行已立、所作已办、不受后有。复次诸所有不善见、诸所有非理所引见、诸所有障碍定见，是谓匮见。问：何故名匮见？答：此法自性不可爱乃至违正理。复次此法能得不可爱果乃至违正理果。复次此法能感不可爱异熟乃至违正理异熟，故名匮见。如匮戒、匮见，应知破戒破见亦尔。 复有二法，谓具戒、具见者。具戒云何？答：离断生命、离不与取、离欲邪行、离虚诳语、离离间语、离粗恶语、离杂秽语。复次离断生命、离不与取、离非梵行。复次诸所有学戒、诸所无学戒、诸所有善非学非无学戒，是谓具戒。问：何故名具戒？答：此法自性可爱、可乐、可喜、可意、安隐、正直、可欣、悦意、随顺正理。复次此法能得可爱果、可乐果、可喜 现代汉语译本：违背正理。此外，这种方法会得到不可爱之果、不可乐之果、不可喜之果、不可意之果、不安稳之果、不正值之果、不可欣之果、不悦意之果、违背正理之果。此外，这种方法会感得不可爱之异熟果报、不可乐之异熟果报、不可喜之异熟果报、不可意之异熟果报、不安稳之异熟果报、不正值之异熟果报、不可欣之异熟果报、不悦意之异熟果报、违背正理之异熟果报，所以称为‘匮戒’（lacking precepts）。什么是‘匮见’（lacking views）呢？回答：所有那些认为没有布施、没有亲爱、没有祭祀、没有善行、没有恶行、没有善行恶行业果报之异熟、没有今世没有来世、没有父母、没有化生有情，没有世间的阿罗汉（Arhat）真正到达真正修行，即对于今世来世自己通达作证证知，‘我生已经穷尽、清净的修行已经建立、该做的已经做完、不再受后有’的见解。此外，所有那些不善的见解、所有那些非理所引导的见解、所有那些障碍禅定的见解，这就是所谓的‘匮见’。问：为什么称为‘匮见’呢？回答：这种方法本身的性质就是不可爱乃至违背正理。此外，这种方法能得到不可爱之果乃至违背正理之果。此外，这种方法能感得不可爱之异熟乃至违背正理之异熟，所以称为‘匮见’。像‘匮戒’、‘匮见’一样，应该知道‘破戒’（broken precepts）‘破见’（broken views）也是如此。 复有二法，谓具戒、具见者。具戒云何？答：离断生命、离不与取、离欲邪行、离虚诳语、离离间语、离粗恶语、离杂秽语。复次离断生命、离不与取、离非梵行。复次诸所有学戒、诸所无学戒、诸所有善非学非无学戒，是谓具戒。问：何故名具戒？答：此法自性可爱、可乐、可喜、可意、安隐、正直、可欣、悦意、随顺正理。复次此法能得可爱果、可乐果、可喜
English
English version: contrary to right reason. Furthermore, this method can obtain undesirable results, unpleasant results, unjoyful results, disagreeable results, unpeaceful results, dishonest results, unadmirable results, displeasing results, and results contrary to right reason. Furthermore, this method can cause undesirable maturation, unpleasant maturation, unjoyful maturation, disagreeable maturation, unpeaceful maturation, dishonest maturation, unadmirable maturation, displeasing maturation, and maturation contrary to right reason, therefore it is called 'lacking precepts' (K戒). What is 'lacking views' (K见)? Answer: All those views that there is no giving, no affection, no sacrifice, no good conduct, no bad conduct, no maturation of results from good or bad conduct, no this world, no other world, no mother, no father, no spontaneously born beings, no Arhats (阿罗汉) in the world who have rightly arrived and rightly practiced, meaning that in this world and the other world they themselves understand, realize, and know, 'My birth is exhausted, pure conduct is established, what needs to be done is done, there is no more future existence.' Furthermore, all those unwholesome views, all those views led by unreason, all those views that obstruct concentration, these are what are called 'lacking views.' Question: Why is it called 'lacking views'? Answer: The nature of this method itself is undesirable, even contrary to right reason. Furthermore, this method can obtain undesirable results, even results contrary to right reason. Furthermore, this method can cause undesirable maturation, even maturation contrary to right reason, therefore it is called 'lacking views.' Just like 'lacking precepts' and 'lacking views,' it should be known that 'broken precepts' (broken precepts) and 'broken views' (broken views) are also like this. Furthermore, there are two dharmas, namely those who possess precepts and those who possess views. What are 'possessing precepts'? Answer: Abstaining from taking life, abstaining from taking what is not given, abstaining from sexual misconduct, abstaining from false speech, abstaining from divisive speech, abstaining from harsh speech, abstaining from frivolous speech. Furthermore, abstaining from taking life, abstaining from taking what is not given, abstaining from unchaste conduct. Furthermore, all those precepts that are being learned, all those precepts that are not being learned, all those wholesome precepts that are neither being learned nor not being learned, these are what are called 'possessing precepts.' Question: Why is it called 'possessing precepts'? Answer: The nature of this dharma is desirable, pleasant, joyful, agreeable, peaceful, honest, admirable, pleasing, and in accordance with right reason. Furthermore, this dharma can obtain desirable results, pleasant results, joyful --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
果、可意果、安隐果、正直果、可欣果、悦意果、顺正理果。复次此法能感可爱异熟、可乐异熟、可喜异熟、可意异熟、安隐异熟、正直异熟、可欣异熟、悦意异熟、顺正理异熟，故名具戒。具见云何？答：诸所有见，有惠施、有亲爱、有祠祀、有妙行、有恶行、有妙行恶行业果异熟、有此世有他世、有母有父、有化生有情，有世间阿罗汉正至正行，谓于此世他世自通达作证具足住，如实证知，我生已尽、梵行已立、所作已办、不受后有。复次诸所有学见、诸所有无学见、诸所有善非学非无学见，是谓具见。问：何故名具见？答此法自性可爱乃至随顺正理。复次此法能得可爱果乃至顺正理果。复次此法能感可爱异熟乃至顺正理异熟，故名具见。如具戒、具见，应知净戒、净见亦尔。 复有二法，谓见、如理胜者，见云何？答：谓依出离、远离、善法，于法拣择、极拣择、最极拣择，解了、等了、近了、遍了，机黠通达审察聪睿，觉明慧行毗钵舍那，是谓见。如理胜云何？答：谓有苾刍如其所见，若由如是诸行相状，世间正见未生而生，彼便如理思惟如是诸行相状。彼由如理思惟如是诸行相状，便令圣道起等起、生等生、转现转，修集出现，是名道如理胜。复次若有苾刍如其所见，若由如是诸行相状随一出离、远 现代汉语译本： 可爱果（令人喜爱的结果）、可意果（令人满意的结果）、安隐果（安稳的结果）、正直果（正直的结果）、可欣果（令人欣喜的结果）、悦意果（令人愉悦的结果）、顺正理果（符合正理的结果）。此外，此法能感可爱异熟（令人喜爱的果报）、可乐异熟（令人快乐的果报）、可喜异熟（令人欢喜的果报）、可意异熟（令人满意的果报）、安隐异熟（安稳的果报）、正直异熟（正直的果报）、可欣异熟（令人欣喜的果报）、悦意异熟（令人愉悦的果报）、顺正理异熟（符合正理的果报），所以名为具戒（持戒圆满）。 具见（见解圆满）是什么？答：所有见解，有惠施（布施）、有亲爱（亲爱行为）、有祠祀（祭祀）、有妙行（善妙行为）、有恶行（恶劣行为）、有妙行恶行业果异熟（善妙和恶劣行为的果报）、有此世有他世（有今生有来世）、有母有父（有父母）、有化生有情（有化生众生），有世间阿罗汉（断尽烦恼的圣者）正至正行（正确到达涅槃，行为端正），即于此世他世（今生来世）自己通达作证（通达证悟），具足安住（安住于证悟境界），如实证知（如实知晓）：‘我生已尽（我的轮回已经结束）、梵行已立（清净的行为已经确立）、所作已办（该做的已经做完）、不受后有（不再有来世）。’ 此外，所有学见（有待学习的见解）、所有无学见（无需再学习的见解）、所有善非学非无学见（善良但非学习或无需学习的见解），这称为具见（见解圆满）。问：为什么名为具见（见解圆满）？答：此法自性可爱（此法本身令人喜爱），乃至随顺正理（乃至符合正理）。此外，此法能得可爱果（能获得令人喜爱的结果），乃至顺正理果（乃至符合正理的结果）。此外，此法能感可爱异熟（能感得令人喜爱的果报），乃至顺正理异熟（乃至符合正理的果报），所以名为具见（见解圆满）。如同具戒（持戒圆满）、具见（见解圆满），应当知道净戒（清净的戒律）、净见（清净的见解）也是如此。 又有两种法，即见（知见）、如理胜（如理的殊胜）。见（知见）是什么？答：即依靠出离（出离心）、远离（远离恶行）、善法（善良的法），对于法进行拣择（选择）、极拣择（精细选择）、最极拣择（最精细的选择），解了（理解）、等了（平等理解）、近了（接近理解）、遍了（全面理解），机黠通达（机敏聪慧，通达事理），审察聪睿（审慎观察，聪慧明智），觉明慧行（觉悟、明了的智慧行为），毗钵舍那（内观），这称为见（知见）。 如理胜（如理的殊胜）是什么？答：即有比丘（出家修行者）如其所见（根据他所见到的），如果由于如此的诸行相状（各种行为和现象），世间正见（世间的正确见解）未生而生（没有产生而产生），他便如理思惟（如理如实地思考）如此的诸行相状（各种行为和现象）。他由于如理思惟（如理如实地思考）如此的诸行相状（各种行为和现象），便令圣道（通往解脱的道路）起等起（生起）、生等生（产生）、转现转（转变显现），修集出现（修习聚集而显现），这名为道如理胜（道路的如理殊胜）。此外，如果有比丘（出家修行者）如其所见（根据他所见到的），如果由于如此的诸行相状（各种行为和现象）随一出离（随一种出离）、远离（远离）