Chinese
、优婆夷等，不起承迎、礼拜、问讯，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，若见比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷，毁所受戒，心生憍慢，言我胜彼，彼不如我，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，月月之中，不能六日受持八戒，供养三宝，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，四十里中有讲法处，不能往听，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，受招提僧卧具床座，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，疑水有虫，故便饮之，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，险难之处无伴独行，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，独宿尼寺，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，为于财命，打骂奴婢、僮仆、外人，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，若以残食施于比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，若畜猫狸，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，畜养象、马、牛、羊、驼、驴一切畜兽，不作净，施未受戒者，是优 现代汉语译本：如果优婆塞（Upasaka，男居士）看到比丘（Bhiksu，男出家众）、比丘尼（Bhiksuni，女出家众）、优婆塞（Upasaka，男居士）、优婆夷（Upasika，女居士）等，不起身迎接、礼拜、问候，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，看到比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷毁坏所受持的戒律，心生骄慢，说‘我胜过他们，他们不如我’，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，每个月不能有六天受持八关斋戒，供养三宝，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，四十里之内有讲法的地方，不能前去听法，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，接受常住僧众的卧具床座，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，怀疑水中有虫，仍然故意饮用，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，在危险的地方没有同伴独自行走，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，独自在比丘尼寺庙住宿，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，为了财物或性命，打骂奴婢、僮仆、外人，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，用残羹剩饭施舍给比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，畜养猫或狸，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，畜养象、马、牛、羊、骆驼、驴等一切畜生，不作净（处理），施舍给未受戒的人，这位优 婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。
English
English version: If an Upasaka (male lay follower) sees Bhikshus (monks), Bhikshunis (nuns), Upasakas (male lay followers), Upasikas (female lay followers), etc., and does not rise to greet them, pay respects, or inquire after their well-being, this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, sees Bhikshus, Bhikshunis, Upasakas, or Upasikas violating the precepts they have taken, and becomes arrogant, saying, 'I am superior to them, they are not as good as me,' this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, cannot observe the eight precepts on six days of each month and make offerings to the Three Jewels (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha), this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, does not go to listen to the Dharma when there is a place for teaching within forty li (approximately 20 kilometers), this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, accepts bedding and seats belonging to the Sangha (monastic community), this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, suspects that there are insects in the water and still deliberately drinks it, this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, travels alone in dangerous places without a companion, this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, stays overnight alone in a nunnery, this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, beats or scolds slaves, servants, or outsiders for the sake of wealth or life, this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, gives leftover food to Bhikshus, Bhikshunis, Upasakas, or Upasikas, this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, keeps cats or civets, this Upasaka commits a 'sin of negligence,' which does not lead to downfall but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, raises elephants, horses, cattle, sheep, camels, donkeys, or any other livestock and does not purify them (make them permissible) before giving them to those who have not taken the precepts, this --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，若不储畜僧伽梨衣、钵盂、锡杖，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，若为身命须田作者，不求净水及陆稼处，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，为于身命，若作市易斗秤卖物，一说价已，不得前却舍贱趣贵；斗秤量物任前平用，如其不平，应语令平，若不如是，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，若于非处、非时行欲，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，商估贩卖，不输官税，盗弃去者，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，若犯国制，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，若得新谷，果菰菜茹，不先奉献供养三宝先自受者，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，僧若不听说法赞叹，辄自作者，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，道路若在诸比丘前、沙弥前行，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，僧中赋食，若偏为师选择美好过分与之，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，若养蚕者，是优婆塞得 现代汉语译本： 优婆塞（Upasaka，在家男居士）犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，不储藏僧伽梨衣（Samghati，大衣）、钵盂（Bátu，食器）、锡杖（Khakkhara，比丘所持的杖），这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，为了维持生计需要耕田，不寻求干净的水源和适合种植的土地，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，为了维持生计，从事市场交易，使用斗、秤买卖物品，一旦说定了价格，就不得反悔，舍弃低价追求高价；用斗、秤量东西时，要保持之前的公平标准，如果不公平，应该告知使其公平，如果不是这样，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，在不适当的地点、不适当的时间行淫欲，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，经商贩卖，不缴纳官税，偷逃漏税，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，触犯国家法律制度，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，获得了新米、水果、菰菜、蔬菜等，不先供养三宝（佛、法、僧），就先自己享用，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，僧团不允许说法赞叹，却擅自进行，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，在道路上走在诸比丘（Bhikkhu，出家男众）和沙弥（Sramanera，出家男众）前面，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，在僧团中分配食物，如果偏袒自己的老师，选择美好过分的食物给他，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，不会因此堕落，只是不清净的行为。如果优婆塞受持戒律后，从事养蚕的行业，这位优婆塞就犯了
English
English version: An Upasaka (在家男居士, lay male devotee) who commits a 'loss of intention' offense does not fall into a lower realm, but it is considered an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, does not store a Samghati (僧伽梨衣, outer robe), Bátu (钵盂, alms bowl), or Khakkhara (锡杖, mendicant's staff), that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, needs to cultivate fields for livelihood, and does not seek clean water and suitable land for cultivation, that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, engages in market transactions for livelihood, using measures and scales to buy and sell goods, once a price is agreed upon, they must not go back on their word, abandoning the lower price to pursue a higher one; when measuring goods with measures and scales, they should maintain the previous fair standard, and if it is not fair, they should inform and make it fair, if it is not so, that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, engages in sexual activity in inappropriate places or at inappropriate times, that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, engages in commerce and trade, and does not pay official taxes, evading and abandoning them, that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, violates national laws and regulations, that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, obtains new rice, fruits, wild rice stems, or vegetables, and does not first offer them to the Three Jewels (三宝, Buddha, Dharma, Sangha) before consuming them themselves, that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, speaks or praises without the Sangha's (僧, monastic community) permission, that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, walks ahead of Bhikkhus (比丘, monks) and Sramaneras (沙弥, novice monks) on the road, that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, distributes food in the Sangha, and favors their teacher by selecting the best and excessive portions for them, that Upasaka commits a 'loss of intention' offense, which does not lead to downfall, but is an impure act. If an Upasaka, having taken the precepts, engages in raising silkworms, that Upasaka commits a --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。若优婆塞受持戒已，行路之时，遇见病者，不住瞻视，为作方便付嘱所在而舍去者，是优婆塞得失意罪，不起堕落，不净有作。 “‘善男子！若优婆塞至心能受持如是戒，是人名为优婆塞中分陀利花，优婆塞中微妙上香，优婆塞中清净莲花，优婆塞中真实珍宝，优婆塞中丈夫之人！ “‘善男子！如佛所说菩萨二种：一者、在家，二者、出家。出家菩萨名为比丘，在家菩萨名优婆塞。出家菩萨持出家戒，是不为难；在家菩萨持在家戒，是乃为难。何以故？在家之人多恶因缘所缠绕故。’” 优婆塞戒经净戒品第十五 善生言：“世尊！有人受持如是戒已，云何当令是戒净耶？” 佛言：“善男子！有三法能净是戒：一者、信佛、法、僧，二者、深信因果，三者、解心。复有四法：一者、慈心，二者、悲心，三者、无贪心，四者、未有恩处先以恩加。复有五法：一者、先于怨所以善益之，二者、见怖懅者能为救护，三者、求者未索先开心与，四者、凡所施处平等无二，五者、普慈一切不依因缘。复有四法：一者、终不自轻言我不能得菩提果，二者、趣菩提时其心坚固，三者、精进勤修一切善法，四者、造作大事心不疲悔。复有四事：一者、自学善法，学 现代汉语译本 失意罪，指因为疏忽而犯下的罪过，这种罪过不会导致堕落，但属于不清净的行为。如果优婆塞（Upasaka，男居士）受持戒律后，在行路时遇见病人，没有停下来照看，也没有提供方便，或者委托他人照顾，就舍弃离去，这位优婆塞就犯了失意罪，这种罪过不会导致堕落，但属于不清净的行为。 ‘善男子！如果优婆塞能够至诚地受持这样的戒律，这个人就可以被称为优婆塞中的分陀利花（Pundarika，白莲花，比喻纯洁），优婆塞中微妙的上等香，优婆塞中清净的莲花，优婆塞中真实的珍宝，优婆塞中的大丈夫！’ ‘善男子！正如佛所说，菩萨有两种：一种是在家的，一种是出家的。出家菩萨被称为比丘（Bhikkhu，出家男众），在家菩萨被称为优婆塞。出家菩萨持守出家戒律，这并不困难；在家菩萨持守在家戒律，这才是困难的。为什么呢？因为在家之人常常被各种恶劣的因缘所缠绕。’ 优婆塞戒经净戒品第十五 善生问道：‘世尊！如果有人受持了这样的戒律，应当如何使这些戒律清净呢？’ 佛说：‘善男子！有三种方法可以使这些戒律清净：第一，信仰佛、法、僧（Buddha, Dharma, Sangha，佛教三宝）；第二，深信因果；第三，理解心性。又有四种方法：第一，慈心；第二，悲心；第三，无贪心；第四，在别人没有给予恩惠之前，先施予恩惠。又有五种方法：第一，对于怨恨自己的人，反而用善行去利益他；第二，见到恐惧的人能够为他们提供救护；第三，对于有所求的人，不等他们开口就主动给予；第四，凡是施舍的地方，都平等对待，没有分别；第五，普遍慈爱一切众生，不依赖任何因缘。又有四种方法：第一，永远不要轻视自己，说我不能证得菩提果（Bodhi，觉悟）；第二，在趣向菩提的时候，内心坚定不动摇；第三，精进勤奋地修习一切善法；第四，即使是造作大事，内心也不疲惫后悔。又有四件事：第一，自己学习善法，学习