Chinese
故听受!’是时比丘应作是言:‘汝之父母、妻子、奴婢、国主、听不?’若言听者,复应问言:‘汝不曾负佛法僧物及他物也?’若言不负,复应问言:‘汝今身中将无内外身心病也?’若言无者,复应问言:‘汝不于比丘、比丘尼所作非法耶?’若言不作,复应问言:‘汝将不作五逆罪耶?’若言不作,复应问言:‘汝将不作盗法人不?’若言不作,复应问言:‘汝非二根、无根人,坏八戒斋,父母师病不弃去耶?将不杀发菩提心人,盗现前僧物,两舌恶口,于母、姊妹作非法耶?不于大众作妄语乎?’若言无者,复应语言:‘善男子!优婆塞戒极为甚难!何以故?是戒能为沙弥十戒、大比丘戒及菩萨戒,乃至阿耨多罗三藐三菩提而作根本。至心受持优婆塞戒,则能获得如是等戒无量利益。若有毁破如是戒者,则于无量无边世中处三恶道,受大苦恼。汝今欲得无量利益,能至心受不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘优婆塞戒极为甚难!若归佛已,宁舍身命终不依于自在天等;若归法已,宁舍身命终不依于外道典籍;若归僧已,宁舍身命终不依于外道邪众。汝能如是至心归依于三宝不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!优婆塞戒极为甚难!若人归依于三宝者,是人则为施诸众生无怖畏已;若人能施无怖畏者,是人则得 优婆塞戒乃至阿耨多罗三藐三菩提,汝能如是施诸众生无怖畏不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘人有五事现在不能增长财命:何等为五?一者、乐杀,二者、乐盗,三者、邪淫,四者、妄语,五者、饮酒。一切众生因杀生故,现在获得恶色、恶力、恶名、短命、财物秏减,眷属分离,贤圣呵责,人不信用,他人作罪横罗其殃,是名现在恶业之果。舍此身已,当堕地狱,多受苦恼饥渴长命,恶色、恶力、恶名等事,是名后世恶业之果。若得人身,复受恶色、短命、贫穷。是一恶人因缘力故,令外一切五谷果蓏悉皆减少,是人殃流,及一天下。若人乐偷,是人亦得恶色、恶力、恶名、短命、财物秏减,眷属分离,他人失物于己生疑,虽亲附人人不见信,常为贤圣之所呵责,是名现在恶业之果。舍此身已,堕于地狱,受得恶色、恶力、恶名、饥渴、苦恼、寿命长远,是名后世恶业之果。若得人身,贫于财物,虽得随失,不为父母、兄弟、妻子之所爱念,身常受苦,心怀愁恼。是一恶人因缘力故,一切人民凡所食啖,不得色力,是人恶果殃流万姓。善男子!若复有人,乐于妄语,是人现得恶口、恶色,所言虽实,人不信受,众皆憎恶,不喜见之,是名现世恶业之报。舍此身已,入于地狱,受大苦楚,饥渴热恼,是名后世恶业之报 。若得人身,口不具足,所说虽实,人不信受,见者不乐,虽说正法,人不乐闻。是一恶人因缘力故,外物一切资产减少。善男子!若复有人乐饮酒者,是人现世喜失财物,身心多病,常乐斗诤,恶名远闻,丧失智慧,心无惭愧,得恶色力,常为一切之所呵责,人不乐见,不能修善,是名饮酒现在恶报。舍此身已,处在地狱,受饥渴等无量苦恼,是名后世恶业之果。若得人身,心常狂乱,不能系念思惟善法。是一恶人因缘力故,一切外物资产臭烂。善男子!若复有人,乐为邪淫,是人不能护自他身,一切众生见皆生疑,所作之事,妄语在先,于一切时常受苦恼,心常散乱,不能修善,喜失财物,所有妻子心不恋慕,寿命短促,是名邪淫现在恶果。舍此身已,处在地狱,受恶色力,饥渴长命,无量苦恼,是名后世恶业果报。若得人身,恶色、恶口,人不喜见,不能守护妻妾男女。是一恶人因缘力故,一切外物不得自在。善男子!是五恶法,汝今真实能远离不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,有四事法所不应作!何等为四?为贪因缘不应虚妄,为瞋恚、痴、恐怖因缘,不应虚妄;是四恶法汝能离不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,有五处所所不应游:屠儿、淫女、酒肆、国王、旃陀罗舍 现代汉语译本:如果得到了人身,但口齿不清楚,即使说的是实话,人们也不相信接受,见到的人也不喜欢,即使说的是正法,人们也不喜欢听闻。这是因为这个恶人的因缘业力,导致外在的一切财产减少。善男子!如果有人喜欢喝酒,这个人现世喜欢失去财物,身心多病,常常喜欢争斗,恶名远扬,丧失智慧,心中没有惭愧,得到丑陋的容貌和体力,常常被一切人呵责,人们不喜欢见到他,不能修习善法,这叫做饮酒在现世的恶报。舍弃这个身体之后,就会堕入地狱,遭受饥渴等无量的苦恼,这叫做后世恶业的果报。如果得到了人身,心常常狂乱,不能专注于思考善法。这是因为这个恶人的因缘业力,导致一切外在的财产腐烂。善男子!如果有人喜欢邪淫,这个人不能保护自己和他人,一切众生见到他都会产生怀疑,所做的事情,总是先说谎,在一切时候常常遭受苦恼,心常常散乱,不能修习善法,喜欢失去财物,所有的妻子儿女都不爱慕他,寿命短促,这叫做邪淫在现世的恶果。舍弃这个身体之后,就会堕入地狱,遭受丑陋的容貌和体力,饥渴长命,无量的苦恼,这叫做后世恶业的果报。如果得到了人身,容貌丑陋,口出恶言,人们不喜欢见到他,不能守护妻子儿女。这是因为这个恶人的因缘业力,导致一切外在的物品都不能随意支配。善男子!这五种恶法,你现在真的能够远离吗?’如果他说能,就应该再说:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒(在家男居士所受的戒律),有四件事不应该做!哪四件呢?为了贪欲的缘故不应该说谎,为了嗔恨、愚痴、恐怖的缘故,不应该说谎;这四种恶法你能够远离吗?’如果他说能,就应该再说:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,有五个地方不应该去:屠宰场、**院、酒馆、国王的住所、旃陀罗(贱民)的住所。
English
English version: If one obtains a human body but lacks complete speech, even if what is said is true, people will not believe or accept it, and those who see it will not be pleased. Even if one speaks the correct Dharma, people will not be happy to hear it. This is because of the karmic power of this evil person, which causes all external possessions to decrease. Good man! If someone enjoys drinking alcohol, that person will lose wealth in this life, suffer from many physical and mental illnesses, constantly enjoy fighting, have a bad reputation spread far and wide, lose wisdom, have no shame in their heart, gain an ugly appearance and strength, and be constantly rebuked by everyone. People will not be happy to see them, and they will not be able to cultivate goodness. This is called the present evil retribution of drinking alcohol. After abandoning this body, one will be in hell, suffering from immeasurable torments such as hunger and thirst. This is called the karmic result of evil deeds in the afterlife. If one obtains a human body, the mind is often frantic and unable to focus on contemplating good Dharma. This is because of the karmic power of this evil person, which causes all external possessions to rot. Good man! If someone enjoys engaging in sexual misconduct, that person cannot protect themselves or others, and all beings will be suspicious of them. In everything they do, lying comes first. At all times, they constantly suffer, their mind is often scattered, they cannot cultivate goodness, they enjoy losing wealth, their wives and children do not love them, and their lifespan is short. This is called the present evil result of sexual misconduct. After abandoning this body, one will be in hell, suffering from an ugly appearance and strength, long-lasting hunger and thirst, and immeasurable torments. This is called the karmic result of evil deeds in the afterlife. If one obtains a human body, one has an ugly appearance and speaks evil words. People do not like to see them, and they cannot protect their wives, concubines, sons, and daughters. This is because of the karmic power of this evil person, which causes one to be unable to freely control all external things. Good man! Can you truly stay away from these five evil dharmas now?' If he says he can, then you should say again: 'Good man! Taking the Upasaka precepts (precepts taken by a male lay Buddhist), there are four things that should not be done! What are the four? One should not lie for the sake of greed, and one should not lie for the sake of anger, ignorance, or fear. Can you stay away from these four evil dharmas?' If he says he can, then you should say again: 'Good man! Having taken the Upasaka precepts, there are five places one should not go: slaughterhouses, brothels, taverns, the residences of kings, and the residences of Chandalas (outcastes). --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
,如是五处,汝能离不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,复有五事所不应作:一者、不卖生命,二者、不卖刀剑,三者、不卖毒药,四者、不得沽酒,五者、不得压油;如事五事,汝能离不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,复有三事所不应为:一者、不作罗网,二者、不作蓝染,三者、不作酿皮;如是三事,汝能离不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,复有二事所不应为:一者、摴蒱围棋六博,二者、种种歌舞伎乐;如是二事,汝能离不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,有四种人不应亲近:一者、棋博,二者、饮酒,三者、欺诳,四者、喜酤酒;如是四人,汝能离不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,有法放逸所不应作。何等放逸?寒时、热时、饥时、渴时、多食饱时,清旦、暮时、懅时,作时,初欲作时,失时、得时,怖时、喜时,贼难谷贵,病苦、壮少、年衰老时,富时、贫时,为命求财时;如是时中不修善法,汝能离不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,先学世事,既学通达,如法求财,若得财物,应作四分:一分应供养父母、己身、妻子、眷属,二分应作如法贩博,留余一分藏积拟用;如是四事,汝能作不? 现代汉语译本: ‘像这五种情况,你能远离吗?’如果他说能,就应该再说:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒(Upasaka Sila,在家男居士戒),还有五件事不应该做:第一,不卖生命(指贩卖人口或动物以供宰杀),第二,不卖刀剑(指武器),第三,不卖毒药,第四,不得卖酒,第五,不得榨油(指用不人道的方式)。像这五件事,你能远离吗?’如果他说能,就应该再说:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,还有三件事不应该做:第一,不做罗网(指捕猎工具),第二,不做蓝染(指靛蓝染料),第三,不做酿皮(指动物皮革)。像这三件事,你能远离吗?’如果他说能,就应该再说:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,还有两件事不应该做:第一,不玩摴蒱(chū pú,古代一种赌博游戏)、围棋、六博(liù bó,古代一种棋类游戏),第二,不看各种歌舞伎乐。像这两件事,你能远离吗?’如果他说能,就应该再说:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,有四种人不应该亲近:第一,赌博的人,第二,喝酒的人,第三,欺骗的人,第四,喜欢卖酒的人。像这四种人,你能远离吗?’如果他说能,就应该再说:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,有因放逸而导致的事情不应该做。什么是放逸呢?寒冷的时候、炎热的时候、饥饿的时候、口渴的时候、吃得太饱的时候,清晨、傍晚、恐惧的时候,工作的时候,刚要工作的时候,失去的时候、得到的时候,害怕的时候、高兴的时候,遇到盗贼、粮食昂贵的时候,生病痛苦的时候、年轻力壮的时候、年老衰弱的时候,富裕的时候、贫穷的时候,为了生活而求财的时候;在这些时候不修习善法,你能远离吗?’如果他说能,就应该再说:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,先要学习世间的事情,学习通达之后,如法地求取财富,如果得到财物,应该分成四份:一份应该供养父母、自己、妻子、眷属,两份应该用来做如法的买卖,留下一份储存起来以备不时之需。像这四件事,你能做到吗?’
English
English version: 'Can you abstain from these five things?' If he says he can, then you should say again: 'Good man! In taking the Upasaka Sila (Upasaka Sila, Layman's Vows), there are also five things that should not be done: first, not selling life (referring to trafficking in people or animals for slaughter), second, not selling swords (referring to weapons), third, not selling poison, fourth, not selling alcohol, and fifth, not pressing oil (referring to inhumane methods). Can you abstain from these five things?' If he says he can, then you should say again: 'Good man! In taking the Upasaka Sila, there are also three things that should not be done: first, not making nets (referring to hunting tools), second, not making indigo dye (referring to indigo dye), and third, not making leather (referring to animal hides). Can you abstain from these three things?' If he says he can, then you should say again: 'Good man! In taking the Upasaka Sila, there are also two things that should not be done: first, not playing Chupu (chū pú, an ancient gambling game), Weiqi (围棋, Go), and Liubo (liù bó, an ancient board game), and second, not watching various songs, dances, and performances. Can you abstain from these two things?' If he says he can, then you should say again: 'Good man! In taking the Upasaka Sila, there are four types of people you should not associate with: first, gamblers, second, drinkers, third, deceivers, and fourth, those who like to sell alcohol. Can you abstain from these four types of people?' If he says he can, then you should say again: 'Good man! In taking the Upasaka Sila, there are things that should not be done due to negligence. What is negligence? In times of cold, in times of heat, in times of hunger, in times of thirst, in times of overeating, in the morning, in the evening, in times of fear, when working, when just about to work, when losing, when gaining, when afraid, when happy, when encountering thieves, when grain is expensive, when sick and suffering, when young and strong, when old and weak, when rich, when poor, when seeking wealth for a living; in these times, not cultivating good deeds, can you abstain from that?' If he says he can, then you should say again: 'Good man! In taking the Upasaka Sila, first learn worldly matters, and after learning and understanding them, seek wealth lawfully. If you obtain wealth, you should divide it into four parts: one part should be used to support your parents, yourself, your wife, and your family, two parts should be used for lawful business, and one part should be saved for future needs. Can you do these four things?' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!财物不应寄付四处:一者、老人,二者、远处,三者、恶人,四者、大力;如是四处不应寄付,汝能离不?’若言能者,复应语言:‘善男子!受优婆塞戒,有四恶人常应离之:一者、乐说他过,二者、乐说邪见,三者、口软心恶,四者、少作多说;是四恶人汝能离不?’若言能者,应令是人满六月日,亲近承事出家智者,智者复应至心观其身四威仪。 “若知是人能如教作,过六月已,和合众僧满二十人,作白羯磨:‘大德僧听!是某甲今于僧中乞受优婆塞戒,已满六月中净四威仪,至心受持净庄严地,是人丈夫,具男子身,若僧听者,僧皆默然,不听者,说。’僧若听者,智者复应作如是言:‘善男子!谛听谛听!僧已和合听汝受持优婆塞戒,是戒即是一切善法之根本也,若有成就如是戒者,当得须陀洹果乃至阿那含果,若破是戒,命终当堕三恶道中。善男子!优婆塞戒,不可思议。何以故?受是戒已,虽受五欲,而不能障须陀洹果至阿那含果,是故名为不可思议。汝能怜愍诸众生故,受是戒不?’若言能受,尔时智者次应为说三归依法,第二、第三、亦如是说。受三归已,名优婆塞。 “尔时、智者复应语言:‘善男子!谛听谛听!如来正觉说优婆塞戒,或有一 现代汉语译本:如果(受戒者)说自己能够做到,(智者)还应该这样问:‘善男子!财物不应该寄放在四个地方:第一,老年人那里;第二,遥远的地方;第三,恶人那里;第四,有大力气的人那里;像这四个地方不应该寄放财物,你能远离这些情况吗?’如果(受戒者)说自己能够做到,(智者)还应该这样问:‘善男子!受持优婆塞戒,应当远离四种恶人:第一,喜欢说别人过错的人;第二,喜欢说邪见的人;第三,口头上甜言蜜语,心里却很恶毒的人;第四,做得少说得多的人;这四种恶人你能远离吗?’如果(受戒者)说自己能够做到,就应该让这个人满六个月的时间,亲近承事出家的智者,智者还应该用心观察他身、口、意、生活这四种威仪。 ‘如果知道这个人能够按照教导去做,过了六个月后,集合众僧满二十人,举行羯磨法:‘大德僧众请听!某甲现在于僧众中请求受持优婆塞戒,已经满了六个月,清净了身口意生活这四种威仪,至心受持,清净庄严场地,这个人是大丈夫,具有男子之身,如果僧众同意,僧众就保持沉默,不同意的,请说出来。’如果僧众同意,智者还应该这样说:‘善男子!仔细听,仔细听!僧众已经和合同意你受持优婆塞戒,这个戒就是一切善法的根本,如果有人成就这样的戒,就能得到须陀洹果(Srotapanna,入流果)乃至阿那含果(Anagamin,不还果),如果破坏了这个戒,命终之后就会堕入三恶道中。善男子!优婆塞戒,不可思议。为什么呢?受持这个戒之后,即使享受五欲,也不能障碍得到须陀洹果乃至阿那含果,所以称为不可思议。你能因为怜悯一切众生的缘故,受持这个戒吗?’如果(受戒者)说能够受持,这时智者就应该依次为他说三归依法,第二次、第三次,也像这样说。受了三归依之后,就称为优婆塞(Upasaka,近事男)。 ‘这时,智者还应该这样说:‘善男子!仔细听,仔细听!如来正觉说优婆塞戒,或者有一