English
English version Question: 'If a layman wants to become a monk, and a Bhikkhu (monk) accepts him, does he need to invite another teacher? Is the previous teacher still considered a teacher?' Answer: 'Not a teacher. If one receives the Dharma (teachings) from him, he can be considered a teacher; if one only follows him, he can be considered a preceptor.' Question: 'If there is a Bhikkhu (monk) who, without abandoning the Samanera (novice monk) precepts, receives the precepts again as a 'great person,' is he considered a Sangha (monk)?' Answer: 'Yes.' Question: 'If he does not obtain the precepts (the second time), do the precepts received previously still hold?' Answer: 'Yes.' Question: 'Is the previous teacher still considered a teacher?' Answer: 'No.' Question: 'If many people receive the precepts together, but only invite one person as the teacher, can ten or five people receive the precepts at the same time?' Answer: 'There is no such principle.' Question: 'If a Samanera (novice monk) receives the great precepts (Bhikkhu precepts), and invites a Bhikkhu (monk) as the great precept teacher, but this Bhikkhu does not know the Karma (ritual) and the method of receiving precepts, and in turn invites another person to administer the precepts, who is considered the teacher?' Answer: 'The one who administers the precepts is the teacher; the one who does not know the ritual is not the teacher. A Bhikkhu who transmits the five precepts can only transmit them to a Brahman (priest). For others, the Bhikkhuni (nun) transmits them. A Bhikkhu must not ask about the intermediate matters. One who asks commits a Sanghavasesa (offense requiring initial and subsequent meetings of the Sangha).' Question: 'Regarding everything that one owns, if the king does not give it all away, is it permissible?' Answer: 'If the king is not stingy, then it is permissible.' Question: 'If one sees someone engaging in sexual activity and does not stop them, does one commit an offense?' Answer: 'If that person can be admonished, not admonishing them constitutes a Nissaggiya Pacittiya (an offense involving forfeiture). If they cannot be admonished, one should confess well to a Bhikkhu (monk).' Question: 'If a Bhikkhu (monk) commits an offense first, and then receives the precepts again, can they live together?' Answer: 'If one commits a grave offense (Parajika), one cannot receive the precepts again. If one merely resolves to speak of the transgression, it is permissible. If one does something without repentance, it is also not permissible, let alone living together!' Question: 'If there is an urgent matter and a Bhikkhu (monk) takes a bow and arrow onto a boat, is it permissible to follow?' Answer: 'The boat owner commits a grave offense (Parajika), and the one who is carried commits a Nissaggiya Pacittiya (an offense involving forfeiture).' Question: 'If a Bhikkhu (monk) is forced by officials to do something unlawful, what offense does he commit?' Answer: 'He must not do it.' Question: 'If two men are playing together and then stop, what offense is committed?' Answer -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ：“成，犯决断。”
Chinese
问：“比丘盗听二男行欲，犯何事？”答：“无欲心听，犯舍堕。有欲心听，身不失，犯突吉罗。” 问：“比丘病不能行，得乘车马不？”答：“雄者尽得。雌者无想犯舍堕，有想犯决断，不知是雌无罪。” 问：“比丘嫌经不好，卖去更作好者，犯何事？”答：“卖经如卖父母罪同。” 问：“二男角力，犯何事？”答：“犯堕。” 问：“畜生行欲，比丘验令全别离，犯何事？”答：“犯舍堕。” 问：“着小衣行留大衣，得受人施不？”答言：“得。” 问：“比丘夏中得受僧物不？”答：“若施僧物即应分，不得停。” 问：“比丘有好知家，结事委任之。更异比丘从乞得物，犯何事？”答：“观主人意恶，不得，犯舍堕。知主意好，得取。” 问：“鸠雀于人舍内作窠，比丘破。或塞鼠孔。犯何事？”答：“鸠雀未有子得去，有子不得。鼠穴唯有一孔，不得塞。若有内外孔，得塞内者。” 问：“比丘得与师及同学得作书不？”答：“在他方情通，异国不得。” 问：“人出家，王法父母不听，为得戒不？”答：“不得。” 尔时目连从座而起，白佛言：“世尊！快说毗尼。于如来灭度后，谁受持如是 现代汉语译本： 问：‘如果成就了，会犯决断罪。’ 问：‘比丘偷听两个男子行淫，犯什么罪？’答：‘没有淫欲心听，犯舍堕罪（Nissaggiya Pacittiya）。有淫欲心听，身体没有失去，犯突吉罗罪（Dukkata）。’ 问：‘比丘生病不能行走，可以乘坐车马吗？’答：‘雄性的都可以乘坐。雌性的，没有邪念犯舍堕罪（Nissaggiya Pacittiya），有邪念犯决断罪。不知道是雌性的，没有罪。’ 问：‘比丘嫌弃经书不好，卖掉去重新制作好的，犯什么罪？’答：‘卖经书如同卖父母，罪过相同。’ 问：‘两个男子角力，犯什么罪？’答：‘犯堕罪（Pacittiya）。’ 问：‘畜生行淫，比丘检验使它们完全分离，犯什么罪？’答：‘犯舍堕罪（Nissaggiya Pacittiya）。’ 问：‘穿着小衣行走，留下大衣，可以接受别人的布施吗？’答：‘可以。’ 问：‘比丘在夏天可以接受僧众的物品吗？’答：‘如果布施给僧众的物品，就应该分发，不可以停留。’ 问：‘比丘有关系好的施主，把事情委托给他。其他比丘向他乞讨得到物品，犯什么罪？’答：‘观察施主的心意，如果施主不愿意，不可以，犯舍堕罪（Nissaggiya Pacittiya）。知道施主愿意，可以拿取。’ 问：‘鸠雀在人的房屋内筑巢，比丘破坏它。或者堵塞老鼠洞。犯什么罪？’答：‘鸠雀还没有幼鸟可以驱赶，有幼鸟不可以。老鼠洞只有一个洞口，不可以堵塞。如果有内外两个洞口，可以堵塞里面的洞口。’ 问：‘比丘可以和师父及同学写信吗？’答：‘在其他地方情意相通可以，在不同的国家不可以。’ 问：‘有人出家，国王和父母不允许，可以受戒吗？’答：‘不可以。’ 当时目连（Maudgalyayana）从座位上站起来，对佛说：‘世尊！您说毗尼（Vinaya）说得真好。在如来（Tathagata）灭度后，谁来受持这些呢？’
English
English version: Question: 'If it is accomplished, one commits a 'decisive' offense.' Question: 'If a Bhikkhu (monk) eavesdrops on two men engaging in sexual intercourse, what offense does he commit?' Answer: 'If he listens without lustful intent, he commits a Nissaggiya Pacittiya (an offense requiring forfeiture and confession). If he listens with lustful intent, without physical loss, he commits a Dukkata (an offense of wrong-doing).' Question: 'If a Bhikkhu (monk) is sick and unable to walk, is he allowed to ride in a cart or on a horse?' Answer: 'Male animals are all permissible. With female animals, without impure thoughts, he commits a Nissaggiya Pacittiya (an offense requiring forfeiture and confession); with impure thoughts, he commits a 'decisive' offense. If he does not know it is female, there is no offense.' Question: 'If a Bhikkhu (monk) dislikes the scriptures and sells them to make better ones, what offense does he commit?' Answer: 'Selling scriptures is the same offense as selling one's parents.' Question: 'If two men wrestle, what offense is committed?' Answer: 'He commits a Pacittiya (an offense requiring confession).' Question: 'If animals engage in sexual intercourse, and a Bhikkhu (monk) examines them to ensure complete separation, what offense does he commit?' Answer: 'He commits a Nissaggiya Pacittiya (an offense requiring forfeiture and confession).' Question: 'If one wears small robes and leaves behind the large robe, is one allowed to receive offerings?' Answer: 'Yes, one is allowed.' Question: 'Is a Bhikkhu (monk) allowed to receive Sangha (monastic community) property during the summer?' Answer: 'If property is offered to the Sangha (monastic community), it should be distributed immediately and not kept.' Question: 'If a Bhikkhu (monk) has a good acquaintance who is a householder and entrusts matters to him, and another Bhikkhu (monk) begs from him and receives something, what offense does he commit?' Answer: 'Observing the householder's intention, if it is unwilling, it is not allowed, and he commits a Nissaggiya Pacittiya (an offense requiring forfeiture and confession). If he knows the householder is willing, he may take it.' Question: 'If doves or sparrows build nests inside a person's house, and a Bhikkhu (monk) destroys them, or blocks a rat hole, what offense does he commit?' Answer: 'If the doves or sparrows do not have young, it is permissible to remove them; if they have young, it is not. If the rat hole has only one opening, it is not permissible to block it. If there are inner and outer openings, it is permissible to block the inner one.' Question: 'Is a Bhikkhu (monk) allowed to write letters to his teacher and fellow students?' Answer: 'If they are in other regions and have mutual understanding, it is permissible; in different countries, it is not.' Question: 'If someone wishes to ordain, but the king and parents do not allow it, is he allowed to receive the precepts?' Answer: 'No, he is not allowed.' At that time, Maudgalyayana (one of the Buddha's foremost disciples) arose from his seat and said to the Buddha (enlightened one): 'Venerable One! You have spoken well of the Vinaya (monastic discipline). After the Tathagata (the Buddha) passes away, who will uphold these precepts?' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 毗尼？”
Chinese
佛言：“目连！思学毗尼者，当知是人能修行如是毗尼。”佛告目连：“吾灭度后，若有比丘、比丘尼诽谤如是毗尼者，当知是人是魔朋侣、非吾弟子。如是人辈，世世学道不成，不出三界。吾今怜愍诸众生辈。” 是时目连闻佛所说，欢喜奉行。 佛说目连问戒律中五百轻重事经卷下 现代汉语译本： ‘毗尼？’（Vinaya，戒律） 佛说：‘目连（Maudgalyayana，佛陀弟子名）！想要学习毗尼的人，应当知道这个人能够修行这样的毗尼。’佛告诉目连：‘我灭度后，如果有比丘（bhiksu，男性出家人）、比丘尼（bhiksuni，女性出家人）诽谤这样的毗尼，应当知道这些人是魔的同伴，不是我的弟子。这样的人，世世代代学道不能成功，不能超出三界（trailokya，欲界、色界、无色界）。我现在怜悯所有的众生。’ 这时，目连听了佛所说，欢喜地遵奉实行。 《佛说目连问戒律中五百轻重事经》卷下
English
English version: ‘Vinaya?’ (Vinaya, monastic rules) The Buddha said: ‘Maudgalyayana! Those who wish to study the Vinaya should know that they are capable of practicing such Vinaya.’ The Buddha told Maudgalyayana: ‘After my Parinirvana, if there are bhiksus (bhiksu, Buddhist monks) or bhiksunis (bhiksuni, Buddhist nuns) who slander this Vinaya, know that they are companions of Mara (Mara, the demon) and not my disciples. Such people will not succeed in learning the Way generation after generation, and will not escape the Three Realms (trailokya, the realm of desire, the realm of form, and the formless realm). Now I have compassion for all sentient beings.’ At that time, Maudgalyayana, having heard what the Buddha said, joyfully accepted and practiced it. The Sutra on the Five Hundred Light and Heavy Matters in the Vinaya as Asked by Maudgalyayana, Spoken by the Buddha, Scroll 2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------