English
English version Question: 'Is this permissible?' Answer: 'It is. But it must not be said that it is begged for oneself; it is permissible for parents and siblings. If there is a surplus after use, it must not be taken for oneself; it still belongs to the one who was ransomed. If one uses it according to the instructions (of the ransomed person), one commits a Dukkata (offense). If one uses it without following instructions, one commits a Nissaggiya Pacittiya (offense).' Question: 'Is it permissible to beg for alms at the house of a wine seller? Is it permissible to sit and talk there when there is nothing to do?' Answer: 'Entering the gate of a wine seller is absolutely not permissible; if one enters, one commits a Dukkata (offense). It is permissible to enter other gates. If inviting bhikkhus (monks) for a gathering, one should ask: 'Can you observe the one-day precept?' If they say: 'Yes,' allowing them to take the precept is permissible for them to stay. If they do not take the precept, but can guarantee not to sell wine for one day, it is permissible for them to stay. The same applies to the house of a butcher.' Question: 'What offense is committed by encouraging someone to drink alcohol?' Answer: 'Forcibly encouraging someone to drink alcohol, if they do not drink, one commits a Dukkata (offense); if they drink, one commits a Pacittiya (offense).' Question: 'If a renunciate (bhikkhu) leaves an item with a layperson, and this person does not return after the deadline, is it permissible to give the item to another bhikkhu?' Answer: 'It is not permissible to take it. If the (person) is alive, it is the property of the owner; if (the person) is dead, it is the property of the Sangha (monastic community).' Question: 'Is it permissible for a bhikkhu to carry a torch at night?' Answer: 'It is permissible in winter. Lighting a candle in summer is also permissible, but carrying a torch commits a Pacittiya (offense).' Question: 'If an item originally worth one piece of cloth is sold for five or three pieces (worth) because (the bhikkhu) traveled to another place, is it permissible to take (the extra)?' Answer: 'It is not permissible; it constitutes a Nissaggiya Pacittiya (offense).' Question: 'What offense is committed by failing to repay something lost in gambling?' Answer: 'Taking items in gambling, as well as giving items, all constitute Nissaggiya Pacittiya (offenses).' Question: 'Is it permissible for a bhikkhu to eat food that has been tasted?' Answer: 'It is not permissible. Knowingly eating it constitutes a Nissaggiya Pacittiya (offense), and the person who tasted the food beforehand also commits a Pacittiya (offense). If one does not immediately confess, the offense will increase daily. In the past, there was a steward bhikkhu who always knew how to manage affairs. When preparing food and drink, he would often lean on the container with his hand and say: 'Take this, use that.' He did this every day, and without confessing, he died and was reborn in the realm of hungry ghosts. There was a bhikkhu named Anatha, who, while going to the toilet at night, heard a groaning sound. He asked: 'Who are you?' The reply was: 'I am a hungry ghost.' He asked: 'What did you do in your previous life that caused you to be reborn in the realm of hungry ghosts?' The reply was:' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
‘于此寺中为僧执事。’问：‘汝本精进，何由堕饿鬼中？’答：‘不净食与众僧。’无著问：‘云何不净？’答：‘众僧有种种盆器，器盛食，见以指拄器，教取是用是物，犯堕。三说诫不悔，转至重。以是故堕饿鬼中。’两手擘胸，裂皮破肉，抟喉吹𠹀。问：‘何以擘胸？’答：‘虫啖身痛故。’问：‘何以抟喉吹𠹀？’‘以口中虫故。’复问：‘何以呻唤？’答：‘饿极欲死故。’问：‘欲食何物？’答：‘意欲食粪而不能得。’问：‘何故不得？’答：‘以诸饿鬼推排，不能前。’无著言：‘我知柰何。’鬼言：‘愿众僧见为咒愿。’答：‘可尔。’无著即还向众说，彼人堕饿鬼。众僧问：‘本行精进，何堕恶趣？’答：‘本以不净食与僧，而不悔故。愿与咒愿。’便得食粪，不复呻唤。以是证故知，大比丘不得手造饮食及拄触僧器物。若非僧器，手受得行与僧，无犯。” 问：“师令弟子贩卖作诸非法，得远离师不？”答：“得舍去。有四因缘应住：一者与法与食不与衣钵，应住。二者与法与衣钵不与食，应住。三者与法衣钵与食，应住。四者与法不与衣钵不与食，应住。若师都不与法不与衣钵食，应去。” 问：“夫净，何者须净？净有几事？”答：“果菜须刀手火净，唯谷米须火净。果已 ‘在此寺庙中担任僧职。’无著菩萨问：‘你原本精进修行，为何会堕入饿鬼道中？’饿鬼回答：‘因为我将不干净的食物供养给众僧。’无著问：‘如何不净？’饿鬼答：‘众僧有各种盆器，器皿盛放食物，我看见有人用手指触碰器皿，教唆他人取用这些食物，犯了堕罪。三次劝诫而不悔改，罪过转为更重。因此堕入饿鬼道中。’饿鬼用两手撕裂胸膛，皮开肉绽，捶打喉咙，吹气发出声音。无著问：‘为何要撕裂胸膛？’饿鬼答：‘因为虫子啃噬身体，非常痛苦。’无著问：‘为何要捶打喉咙，吹气发出声音？’饿鬼答：‘因为口中有虫子。’无著又问：‘为何呻吟呼唤？’饿鬼答：‘因为饥饿到了极点，快要死了。’无著问：‘想要吃什么食物？’饿鬼答：‘想要吃粪便却不能得到。’无著问：‘为何不能得到？’饿鬼答：‘因为众多饿鬼推挤，无法前进。’无著说：‘我知道该怎么办了。’饿鬼说：‘希望众僧能为我咒愿。’无著答：‘可以。’无著立即返回，向众僧说明此事，说那人堕入了饿鬼道。众僧问：‘他原本修行精进，为何会堕入恶趣？’无著答：‘他原本将不干净的食物供养给僧众，而不悔改。希望大家为他咒愿。’饿鬼便得以吃到粪便，不再呻吟呼唤。因此可以证明，大比丘不得亲手制作饮食，也不得用手触碰僧众的器物。如果不是僧众的器物，用手接受后可以给予僧众，没有罪过。’ 有人问：‘如果师父命令弟子贩卖物品，做各种非法的事情，可以离开师父吗？’回答：‘可以离开。有四种因缘应该留下：第一种，师父传授佛法、给予食物，但不给予衣服和钵，应该留下。第二种，师父传授佛法、给予衣服和钵，但不给予食物，应该留下。第三种，师父传授佛法、给予衣服和钵、给予食物，应该留下。第四种，师父传授佛法，但不给予衣服和钵、不给予食物，也应该留下。如果师父既不传授佛法，也不给予衣服和钵、食物，就应该离开。’ 有人问：‘什么是清净，什么需要清净？清净有几种情况？’回答：‘水果蔬菜需要刀、手、火的清净，只有谷米需要火的清净。水果已经’
English
'He is serving as a monk in this temple.' Manjusri (Bodhisattva of wisdom) asked: 'You were originally diligent in practice, how did you fall into the realm of hungry ghosts?' The ghost replied: 'I offered impure food to the Sangha (Buddhist monastic community).' Manjusri asked: 'What was impure?' The ghost replied: 'The Sangha has various bowls and containers. When food was placed in the containers, I saw someone touching the containers with their fingers, and I encouraged others to take and use that food, thus committing an offense. After being admonished three times without repentance, the offense became more serious. Therefore, I fell into the realm of hungry ghosts.' The ghost tore at his chest with both hands, ripping the skin and flesh, pounding his throat, and blowing air. Manjusri asked: 'Why do you tear at your chest?' The ghost replied: 'Because worms are eating my body, causing great pain.' Manjusri asked: 'Why do you pound your throat and blow air?' The ghost replied: 'Because there are worms in my mouth.' Manjusri further asked: 'Why do you groan and cry out?' The ghost replied: 'Because I am extremely hungry and about to die.' Manjusri asked: 'What do you want to eat?' The ghost replied: 'I want to eat feces but cannot obtain it.' Manjusri asked: 'Why can't you obtain it?' The ghost replied: 'Because many hungry ghosts are pushing and shoving, and I cannot move forward.' Manjusri said: 'I know what to do.' The ghost said: 'I hope the Sangha can recite blessings for me.' Manjusri replied: 'Okay.' Manjusri immediately returned and told the Sangha about this matter, saying that the person had fallen into the realm of hungry ghosts. The Sangha asked: 'He was originally diligent in practice, why did he fall into the evil realms?' Manjusri replied: 'He originally offered impure food to the Sangha and did not repent. I hope everyone will recite blessings for him.' The ghost was then able to eat feces and no longer groaned and cried out. From this evidence, we know that a Bhikshu (fully ordained monk) should not personally prepare food or touch the Sangha's utensils with his hands. If it is not the Sangha's utensil, he can receive it with his hands and give it to the Sangha without offense.' Someone asked: 'If the teacher orders the disciple to sell goods and engage in various illegal activities, can the disciple leave the teacher?' The answer is: 'Yes, one can leave. There are four reasons why one should stay: First, the teacher imparts the Dharma (teachings of Buddhism) and provides food but does not provide robes and a begging bowl, one should stay. Second, the teacher imparts the Dharma and provides robes and a begging bowl but does not provide food, one should stay. Third, the teacher imparts the Dharma, provides robes and a begging bowl, and provides food, one should stay. Fourth, the teacher imparts the Dharma but does not provide robes and a begging bowl or food, one should still stay. If the teacher neither imparts the Dharma nor provides robes and a begging bowl or food, one should leave.' Someone asked: 'What is purity, and what needs to be purified? How many kinds of purity are there?' The answer is: 'Fruits and vegetables require the purity of the knife, hands, and fire, only grains require the purity of fire. The fruit is already' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 净，子无苦。” 问：“礼拜得着靴鞋履不？”答：“净者得。”
Chinese
问：“画作幡华卖得物，犯何事？”答：“犯舍堕。” 问：“比丘教他贩卖，犯何事？”答：“犯舍堕。” 问：“比丘畜奴牛驴马，犯何事？”答：“犯舍堕。不悔转增。” 问：“比丘授人为道，未度，得食僧食不？”答：“白僧得，不白犯堕。” 问：“为僧乞食道路，己身得食不？”答：“若去时先白僧，僧听好。若不白，还白听亦好。若不听，还偿。若不偿，犯重。” 问：“若他人持食具，寄屋中经宿，有犯不？”答：“不犯。” 问：“续明油一升二升，得着自房中不？”答：“得。” 问：“药酒得着自房中不？”答：“病得七日。” 问：“都不用杨枝，有犯不？”答：“犯舍堕。” 问：“未晓，得用杨枝不？”答：“明星出后得用。” 问：“中食后口，得用杨枝不？”答：“得用，若不用纯灰皂荚汁。都不用犯堕，过中亦犯堕。中后除药，一切草木有形之味不得入口，犯舍堕。” 问：“若无杨枝，口得用一切余木不？”答：“尽得。” 问：“贫乏得入市乞不？”答：“中前得，中后不得。亦不得乞钱。若欲乞钱，当将一白衣 现代汉语译本：问：‘清净了，就没有痛苦了吗？’答：‘清净的人才能得到。’ 问：‘把画的幡华（fān huá，佛教用语，指幡和华盖，用于装饰佛堂或寺庙）卖掉，犯什么戒？’答：‘犯舍堕（shě duò，佛教戒律中的一种，指通过放弃非法获得的物品来忏悔的罪过）。’ 问：‘比丘（bǐ qiū，佛教出家男众）教别人贩卖，犯什么戒？’答：‘犯舍堕。’ 问：‘比丘蓄养奴隶、牛、驴、马，犯什么戒？’答：‘犯舍堕。不忏悔罪过会加重。’ 问：‘比丘为了教导别人修行，即使对方还未得度，可以吃僧众的食物吗？’答：‘禀告僧众得到允许就可以，不禀告就犯堕（duò，佛教戒律中的一种罪过）。’ 问：‘为了僧众乞食，自己可以吃吗？’答：‘如果去乞食前先禀告僧众，僧众允许就好。如果不禀告，回来禀告得到允许也可以。如果不允许，就要偿还。如果不偿还，就犯重罪。’ 问：‘如果别人把食物器具寄放在屋里过夜，有什么罪过吗？’答：‘没有罪过。’ 问：‘续命油（xù mìng yóu，指可以持续燃烧的油）一升二升，可以放在自己的房间里吗？’答：‘可以。’ 问：‘药酒可以放在自己的房间里吗？’答：‘生病时可以放七天。’ 问：‘完全不用杨枝（yáng zhī，佛教用语，指用以清洁牙齿的树枝），有什么罪过吗？’答：‘犯舍堕。’ 问：‘未天亮，可以用杨枝吗？’答：‘明星（míng xīng，指启明星）出现后就可以用。’ 问：‘中午饭后，可以用杨枝清洁口腔吗？’答：‘可以用，如果不用杨枝，就用纯灰或皂荚汁（zào jiá zhī，一种清洁剂）。完全不用就犯堕，过了中午也犯堕。中午之后，除了药物，一切草木有形之味都不得入口，否则犯舍堕。’ 问：‘如果没有杨枝，可以用其他木头清洁口腔吗？’答：‘都可以。’ 问：‘贫穷的人可以去市场乞讨吗？’答：‘中午之前可以，中午之后不可以。也不可以乞讨钱财。如果想要乞讨钱财，应当带一个白衣（bái yī，指在家信徒）。’