Chinese
就如是功德，虽无府库、无大辅佐、无大军众，不久国界自然丰饶而可归仰。大王当知如是十种王之功德：初一名为种姓功德，余九名为自性功德。 “云何名为王衰损门？大王当知！王衰损门略有五种：一、不善观察而摄群臣，二、虽善观察而无恩惠，纵有恩惠不得及时，三、专行放逸，不思国务，四、专行放逸，不守府库，五、专行放逸，不修善法。如是五种皆悉名为王衰损门。 “云何名王不善观察而摄群臣？谓有国王，于群臣等不能究察，不审简择忠信、技艺、智慧差别，摄为亲侍，加以宠爱，厚赐爵禄，重委寄处，而相委任，数以软言，而相慰喻。然此群臣所付财宝多有损费，若遇冤敌、恶友、军阵而先退败，以惧破散，便生奔背，无恋于主。如是名王不善观察而摄群臣。 “云何名王虽善观察而无恩惠，纵有非时？谓有国王，性能究察、审能简择，知是忠信、技艺、智慧，摄为亲侍，而不宠爱；不量其才，不赐爵禄；于形要处，而不委任。忽于一时王遇冤敌、恶友、军阵大怖畏事，临急难时于诸臣等方行宠爵，而以软言慰喻。时群臣等共相谓曰：‘王于今者危迫因缘，方于我等暂行恩惠，非长久心！’知此事已，虽有忠信、技艺、智慧悉隐不现。如是名王虽善观察而摄群臣无恩惠行， 现代汉语译本 这样的功德，虽然没有府库、没有大臣辅佐、没有大军，不久国家自然会丰饶，人民也会归附仰慕。大王应当知道这十种王的功德：第一种称为种姓功德，其余九种称为自性功德。 什么是王衰败的途径呢？大王应当知道！王衰败的途径大概有五种：一是不能好好考察就任用群臣，二是即使好好考察了却没有恩惠，纵然有恩惠也不能及时给予，三是专行放纵，不考虑国家政事，四是专行放纵，不守护府库，五是专行放纵，不修习善法。这五种都称为王衰败的途径。 什么叫做国王不能好好考察就任用群臣呢？就是说有的国王，对于群臣不能深入考察，不仔细选择忠诚、有技艺、有智慧的人才，就让他们亲近侍奉，加以宠爱，给予丰厚的爵位俸禄，委以重要的职位，互相委任，经常用温和的言语来安慰劝勉。然而这些群臣，所交付的财物大多有损失浪费，如果遇到仇敌、坏朋友、军队交战，就先退却溃败，因为害怕被打散，就产生背叛之心，不留恋君主。这就叫做国王不能好好考察就任用群臣。 什么叫做国王即使好好考察了却没有恩惠，纵然有恩惠也不能及时给予呢？就是说有的国王，能够深入考察，能够仔细选择，知道哪些人是忠诚、有技艺、有智慧的，让他们亲近侍奉，却不宠爱他们；不衡量他们的才能，不给予爵位俸禄；对于重要的职位，也不委任他们。忽然有一天，国王遇到仇敌、坏朋友、军队交战等非常恐怖的事情，在危急困难的时候，才对这些臣子施行宠爱和爵位，用温和的言语安慰劝勉。这时，群臣们互相议论说：‘国王现在是因为危急的缘故，才对我们暂时施行恩惠，不是长久的心意！’知道这件事后，即使有忠诚、有技艺、有智慧的人才，也都隐藏起来不显露。这就叫做国王即使好好考察了任用群臣，却没有恩惠的行为。
English
English version Such merit, though without treasury, without great ministers, without a large army, will soon make the country naturally prosperous and worthy of reverence. Great King, you should know these ten kinds of royal merits: the first is called the merit of lineage (种姓功德), and the remaining nine are called the merits of self-nature (自性功德). What are the ways of royal decline? Great King, you should know! There are roughly five ways of royal decline: first, failing to carefully observe and recruit ministers; second, even if observing carefully, lacking kindness, or if there is kindness, failing to bestow it in a timely manner; third, indulging in dissipation and not considering state affairs; fourth, indulging in dissipation and not guarding the treasury; fifth, indulging in dissipation and not cultivating good deeds. These five are all called the ways of royal decline. What is called a king failing to carefully observe and recruit ministers? It refers to a king who cannot thoroughly examine his ministers, does not carefully select those who are loyal, skilled, and wise, recruits them as close attendants, bestows favor upon them, grants them generous titles and stipends, entrusts them with important positions, and relies on them, often comforting and exhorting them with gentle words. However, these ministers often cause losses and waste to the wealth entrusted to them. If they encounter enemies, evil friends, or armies in battle, they retreat and are defeated first, fearing being scattered and broken, and then they betray their lord without any attachment. This is called a king failing to carefully observe and recruit ministers. What is called a king who, even if observing carefully, lacks kindness, or if there is kindness, failing to bestow it in a timely manner? It refers to a king who is capable of thorough examination and careful selection, knowing who is loyal, skilled, and wise, recruits them as close attendants, but does not favor them; does not measure their talents, does not grant them titles and stipends; and does not entrust them with important positions. Suddenly, one day, the king encounters enemies, evil friends, or armies in battle, facing great fear. In times of urgent difficulty, he then bestows favor and titles upon these ministers, comforting and exhorting them with gentle words. At this time, the ministers say to each other: 'The king is now bestowing favor upon us temporarily because of the urgent crisis, not with a long-term intention!' Knowing this, even those who are loyal, skilled, and wise hide themselves and do not appear. This is called a king who, even if observing carefully and recruiting ministers, lacks kindness. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 纵有非时。
Chinese
“云何名王专行放逸，不思国务？谓有国王，于应和好、所作所成国务等事，而不时时独处空闲；或与智士共正思惟、和好方便、乖绝等事及应赏赉，乃至军阵所作所成要务等事，不勤在意。如是名王专行放逸，不思国务。 “云何名王专行放逸，不守府库？谓有国王，寡营事业，不观诸务，不禁王门、宫庭、库藏，国家密要说向妇人，乃于捕猎、博戏事中费损财宝而不慎护。如是名王专行放逸，不守府库。 “云何名王专行放逸，不修善法？谓有国王，于世所知柔和淳质、聪慧辩才、得理解脱所有沙门、婆罗门，不能数近礼敬咨询，云何是善？云何不善？云何有罪？云何无罪？云何有福、吉祥法门、远离诸恶？设得闻已，不依修行。如是名王专行放逸，不修善法。 “若有国王成就如是五衰损门，当知此王退失现世果报，乃至来生失人、天福。谓前四门退现受福利，最后一门退来生果报。 “云何名为王可爱法？大王当知，略有五种，谓王可爱、可乐、可欣、可意之法。何等为五？一者、人所敬爱，二、自在增上，三、能摧冤敌，四、善摄养身，五、能修善事。如是五种是王可爱、可乐、可欣、可意之法。云何善能发起王可爱法？大王当知！略有五种善能发起王可爱法 现代汉语译本：纵然有时并非适当的时机。 ‘什么叫做国王专行放逸，不考虑国家政务？’是指有些国王，对于应该和睦相处、所作所成的国家政务等事情，不经常独自在空闲时思考；或者不与有智慧的人一起认真思考、和睦相处的办法、断绝关系等事情，以及应该赏赐的事情，乃至军队阵营中所作所成的重要事务等，不勤奋在意。这样的国王就叫做专行放逸，不考虑国家政务。 ‘什么叫做国王专行放逸，不守护府库？’是指有些国王，很少经营事业，不观察各种事务，不禁止王宫大门、宫廷、库藏，把国家机密要事告诉妇人，甚至在捕猎、赌博等事情中耗费财宝而不谨慎守护。这样的国王就叫做专行放逸，不守护府库。 ‘什么叫做国王专行放逸，不修习善法？’是指有些国王，对于世人所知的柔和淳朴、聪慧善辩、获得理解解脱的所有沙门（Śrāmaṇa，出家求道者）、婆罗门（Brāhmaṇa，祭司），不能经常亲近、礼敬、咨询，什么是善？什么是不善？什么是有罪？什么是无罪？什么是有福、吉祥的法门、远离各种罪恶？即使听到了，也不按照所说的去修行。这样的国王就叫做专行放逸，不修习善法。 ‘如果国王成就了这样五种衰损之门，应当知道这位国王会退失现世的果报，乃至来世失去人、天之福。’前面四种衰损之门会退失现世所能享受的福利，最后一种衰损之门会退失来世的果报。 ‘什么叫做国王所喜爱的法？’大王您应当知道，大概有五种，就是国王所喜爱、可乐、可欣、可意的法。哪五种呢？第一，被人所敬爱；第二，自在增上；第三，能够摧毁冤家仇敌；第四，善于摄养自身；第五，能够修习善事。这五种就是国王所喜爱、可乐、可欣、可意的法。‘怎样才能善于发起国王所喜爱的法？’大王您应当知道！大概有五种善能发起国王所喜爱的法。
English
English version: Even if it is not the appropriate time. 'What is meant by a king indulging in negligence and not considering state affairs?' It refers to a king who does not frequently contemplate alone in leisure about matters such as maintaining harmony, accomplishing tasks, and other state affairs; or who does not diligently attend to matters such as deliberating with wise individuals on ways to maintain harmony, resolve conflicts, matters of bestowing rewards, and even essential tasks related to military formations and accomplishments. Such a king is said to be indulging in negligence and not considering state affairs. 'What is meant by a king indulging in negligence and not guarding the treasury?' It refers to a king who engages in few enterprises, does not observe various affairs, does not secure the royal gates, palaces, and treasuries, reveals state secrets to women, and squanders wealth on hunting, gambling, and other activities without careful protection. Such a king is said to be indulging in negligence and not guarding the treasury. 'What is meant by a king indulging in negligence and not cultivating virtuous practices?' It refers to a king who does not frequently approach, respect, and consult with Śrāmaṇas (Śrāmaṇa, wandering ascetics) and Brāhmaṇas (Brāhmaṇa, priests) known for their gentleness, purity, intelligence, eloquence, and attainment of understanding and liberation, asking what is good, what is not good, what is blameworthy, what is blameless, what constitutes blessedness, auspicious practices, and how to avoid all evils. Even if he hears these teachings, he does not practice accordingly. Such a king is said to be indulging in negligence and not cultivating virtuous practices. 'If a king embodies these five doors of decline, know that this king will lose the rewards of the present life, and even lose the blessings of humans and gods in the next life.' The first four doors of decline lead to the loss of benefits that can be received in this life, and the last door leads to the loss of rewards in the next life. 'What are the lovable qualities of a king?' Great King, you should know that there are roughly five types, which are the qualities that a king finds lovable, delightful, pleasing, and agreeable. What are the five? First, being respected and loved by the people; second, being independent and supreme; third, being able to vanquish enemies; fourth, being skilled in nourishing oneself; and fifth, being able to cultivate virtuous deeds. These five are the qualities that a king finds lovable, delightful, pleasing, and agreeable. 'How can one skillfully initiate the lovable qualities of a king?' Great King, you should know! There are roughly five ways to skillfully initiate the lovable qualities of a king. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
，何等为五？一、恩养世间，二、英勇具足，三、善权方便，四、正受境界，五、勤修善法。 “云何名王恩养苍生？谓有国王，性本知足，能为谨慎，成就无贪、白净之法；所有库藏随力给施贫穷、孤露，柔和忍辱，多以软言晓喻国界；诸有群臣有故违犯不可免者，量罪矜恕，以实以时，如理治罚。如是名王以正化法恩养苍生，故感世间之所敬爱。 “云何名王英勇具足？谓有国王，神策不坠，武略圆满，未降伏者而降伏之，已降伏者而摄护之，如是名王英勇具足。 “云何名王善权方便？谓有国王，一切好事分明了知，方便能和，摄受强党，故得摧伏一切冤敌。 “云何名王正受境界？谓有国王，善能筹量府库增减，不奢、不吝，平等受用，随其时候所宜给与所有臣佐、亲族、王等及伎乐人。又有疾时，应食所宜，避所不宜。医候食性，方以食之。若食未消，或食而痢，皆不应食。应共食者不应独食，所有精味分布令欢。如是名王正受境界，遂能善巧摄养自身。 “云何名王勤修善法？谓有国王，具足净信、戒、闻、舍、慧，于净信处了信他世，及信当来善不善业、人天果报，如是名为具足净信；受持净戒，于年三长、每月六斋，远离杀生及偷盗、邪行、妄言、饮酒诸放逸处，如 现代汉语译本：什么是五种（国王应具备的德行）？一、恩养世间，二、英勇具足，三、善权方便，四、正受境界，五、勤修善法。 ‘怎样叫做国王恩养苍生？就是说，有的国王，天性知足，能够谨慎行事，成就无贪、清净的品德；对于所有的府库储藏，根据自己的能力施舍给贫穷、孤独的人，以柔和忍辱的态度，多用温和的言语晓喻国内百姓；对于那些有心违犯法令而无法免除罪责的臣子，根据罪行的轻重酌情宽恕，按照实际情况和时机，合理地进行惩罚。这样的国王以正当的教化方法恩养百姓，所以能够感得世人的敬爱。 ‘怎样叫做国王英勇具足？就是说，有的国王，神妙的策略不会失误，军事才能圆满无缺，对于没有降伏的人能够降伏他们，对于已经降伏的人能够保护他们，这样的国王叫做英勇具足。 ‘怎样叫做国王善权方便？就是说，有的国王，对于一切好事都能够清楚地了解，善于用方便的方法调和，收服强大的党羽，所以能够摧毁一切冤家仇敌。 ‘怎样叫做国王正受境界？就是说，有的国王，善于衡量府库的增减，不奢侈，也不吝啬，平等地享用，根据时节的需要给予所有的臣佐、亲族、其他国王以及歌舞伎乐之人。又有疾病的时候，应该吃适合的食物，避免不适合的食物。请医生诊候饮食的属性，然后才食用。如果食物还没有消化，或者因为食物而腹泻，都不应该再吃。应该和大家一起吃的食物不应该独自享用，对于所有的美味佳肴，分发给大家使他们欢喜。这样的国王叫做正受境界，于是能够巧妙地调养自身。 ‘怎样叫做国王勤修善法？就是说，有的国王，具足清净的信心、戒律、闻法、布施、智慧，在清净的信心方面，确信有来世，并且相信将来的善与不善的行为会带来人天果报，这叫做具足清净的信心；受持清净的戒律，在每年的三个长月（正月、五月、九月）、每月的六斋日，远离杀生以及偷盗、邪淫、妄语、饮酒等各种放逸之处，如’