English
English version Merit; these are the four. 'A Bodhisattva has four things by which they incur faults. What are the four things? First, one should not blindly believe in things one is not familiar with; second, the Buddha has profound teachings, one should not recklessly teach them to others, this is a great fault; third, if someone is fond of the Bodhisattva path, one should not teach them the Arhat path instead, this is a great fault; fourth, among the Bhikkhu Sangha, when giving alms, one's heart is not equal, showing favoritism, this is a great fault; these are the four faults.' 'A Bodhisattva has four things by which they attain the Bodhisattva path. What are the four things? First, to treat all beings in the ten directions with an equal heart; second, to give alms to all beings in the ten directions with an equal heart; third, in all actions, to treat all beings in the ten directions with an equal heart; fourth, when expounding the Dharma, to treat all beings in the ten directions with an equal heart; these are the four things.' 'A Bodhisattva has four things by which they falsely claim to be a Bodhisattva. What are the four things? First, to rely on the scriptures for livelihood; second, to only seek fame and not the Buddha path; third, to only seek one's own comfort and not think of those who suffer; fourth, to only talk much but not wish to liberate others; these are the four things.' 'A Bodhisattva has four things by which they accomplish merit. What are the four things? First, to believe in the existence of emptiness; second, to believe that one should repent for the evil deeds one has done; third, to think in one's heart that all things are not one's own; fourth, to have great compassion for all beings in the ten directions; these are the four things.' 'A Bodhisattva has four evil teachers. What are the four? First, to teach others to practice the Arhat path, causing them to extinguish their aspiration for the path; second, to teach others to practice the Pratyekabuddha path, causing them to guard themselves in inaction; third, to like to teach others to practice the teaching path; fourth, if someone seeks to learn the Dharma, one uses wealth to entice them, but refuses to teach them; these are the four evil teachers.' 'A Bodhisattva has four good teachers. What are the four? First, to not refuse the requests of others, thus accomplishing the Buddha path; second, a teacher of scriptures is a good teacher, because they are learned in the scriptures; third, to encourage others to aspire to seek Buddhahood, thus accomplishing merit; fourth, the Buddha, the Lord of Gods, is a good teacher, because he is complete in all the teachings of the Buddhas; these are the four good teachers.' 'A Bodhisattva has four treasures. What are the four? First, upon seeing the Buddha, to offer with a single mind, without a second thought; second, the teachings of the six Paramitas (generosity, morality, patience, diligence, meditation, wisdom) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
悉闻；三者常净心向师；四者止于爱欲，常止空闲处；是为四。 “菩萨有四事出于魔界。何谓为四？一者不舍菩萨心；二者无有瞋恚心向于十方人，大如毛发；三者悉学外余道；四者恭敬于诸菩萨；是为四。 “菩萨有四事，得功德不可复计。何谓为四？一者持法施与人，不希望欲有所得；二者人有犯戒者，当慈哀之；三者多教人为菩萨道；四者有下贱人来毁辱菩萨，悉当忍之；是为四。” 佛语迦叶言：“不用字为字菩萨也，随法行、随法立用，是故字菩萨。菩萨，凡有三十二事。何谓三十二事？安隐慈心；于人自念智虑；少去自用不高自滀；坚住不动；还所与亲厚；乃至般泥洹，善知识恶知识等心无有异；所作为不懈怠；常和畅向于十方人不中断；等心悉遍至；不断慈心；索诸经法不忘；于经法中无有饱时；所有恶不覆藏皆发露；他人有短不念其短恶；诸福功德悉究竟；索所施与；但发心索佛耳，一切不索；有所生心向十方人不适有所憎；无思想之禅；不愿于其中也；沤和拘舍罗护于智慧；四事杂布施；不乐于外事；不喜于小道；心喜于大道；离于恶知识；习善知识；以五旬自娱乐；譬如月初生时稍稍增益，于智慧稍稍如是；不堕非法；所语无异；所说谛者恭敬。” 佛言：“如是， 现代汉语译本 听闻；三是常以清净心对待师长；四是止息爱欲，常居于空闲之处；这就是四种修行。 ‘菩萨有四种方法可以脱离魔界。哪四种呢？一是永不舍弃菩萨之心；二是对十方众人不生嗔恨之心，哪怕像毛发般微小；三是学习其他外道的方法；四是恭敬诸位菩萨；这就是四种方法。 ‘菩萨有四种行为，可以获得无法估量的功德。哪四种呢？一是将佛法布施给他人，不希望从中获得任何回报；二是当有人犯戒时，应当慈悲怜悯他们；三是多多教导他人走上菩萨道；四是当有人来毁谤侮辱菩萨时，应当全部忍受；这就是四种行为。’ 佛对迦叶说：‘不执着于文字的菩萨才是真正的菩萨，随顺佛法而行，随顺佛法而立，所以称为文字菩萨。菩萨，总共有三十二种修行。哪三十二种呢？安稳的慈悲心；对他人常怀念智虑；减少自我主张，不自高自大；坚定不动摇；回报亲近之人；乃至到涅槃，对善知识和恶知识都平等对待，没有分别；所作所为不懈怠；常常和睦地对待十方众人，不间断；平等心遍及一切；不间断慈悲心；寻求佛经教法不忘失；对于佛经教法没有满足的时候；所有恶行不隐瞒，全部发露；不记念他人的缺点和恶行；所有福德功德都达到究竟；寻求布施的机会；只发心寻求佛道，不求其他；对十方众生不生憎恨之心；不执着于禅定中的思想；不贪求禅定；以智慧护持善巧方便；四种布施兼顾；不乐于外在的事物；不喜好小乘道；内心欢喜大乘道；远离恶知识；亲近善知识；以五种禅定自娱；譬如新月初生时逐渐增长，智慧也逐渐如此增长；不堕入非法；所说的话没有虚妄；对说真理的人恭敬。’ 佛说：‘正是这样。’
English
English version Having heard; third, always with a pure heart towards the teacher; fourth, ceasing from desire, always dwelling in secluded places; these are the four. 'Bodhisattvas have four ways to escape the realm of demons. What are the four? First, never abandoning the Bodhi mind; second, having no anger towards people in the ten directions, not even as small as a hair; third, learning the ways of other external paths; fourth, respecting all Bodhisattvas; these are the four. 'Bodhisattvas have four actions that gain immeasurable merit. What are the four? First, giving the Dharma to others without expecting anything in return; second, when someone breaks the precepts, one should have compassion for them; third, teaching many people to walk the Bodhisattva path; fourth, when someone comes to slander and insult the Bodhisattva, one should endure it all; these are the four actions.' The Buddha said to Kasyapa, 'A Bodhisattva who does not cling to words is a true Bodhisattva, one who acts in accordance with the Dharma, and stands in accordance with the Dharma, therefore is called a word Bodhisattva. Bodhisattvas, in general, have thirty-two practices. What are the thirty-two? A peaceful and compassionate heart; always thinking of others with wisdom and consideration; reducing self-assertion, not being arrogant; being firm and unwavering; repaying those who are close; even until Nirvana, treating good and bad teachers equally, without discrimination; not being lazy in one's actions; always being harmonious towards people in the ten directions, without interruption; having an equal mind that pervades all; not interrupting compassion; seeking the teachings of the scriptures without forgetting; never being satisfied with the teachings of the scriptures; not concealing any evil deeds, but revealing them all; not remembering the faults and evils of others; all merits and virtues are brought to completion; seeking opportunities to give; only aspiring to seek the Buddha path, not seeking anything else; not having hatred towards beings in the ten directions; not clinging to thoughts in meditation; not craving meditation; protecting wisdom with skillful means; practicing the four kinds of giving; not being fond of external things; not liking the small vehicle; being happy with the great vehicle; staying away from bad teachers; associating with good teachers; enjoying oneself with the five meditations; just as the new moon gradually increases when it first appears, wisdom also gradually increases in this way; not falling into illegality; one's words are not false; respecting those who speak the truth.' The Buddha said, 'It is so.' -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 迦叶！三十二事，是故名为菩萨。”
Chinese
佛言迦叶：“譬如地，一切人随其所种，其地亦不置人也；如是发意菩萨，自致乃成佛，饶益十方人，亦适无所置也。迦叶！譬如春夏温暖，所种成熟；菩萨智慧成熟十方人，功德如是。譬如水，百谷草木皆因水茂盛；菩萨如是，发心诸经法悉从中生。譬如风，悉成诸佛国土；菩萨如是，沤和拘舍罗悉成诸佛经。譬如日，无所不照天下皆见其明；菩萨如是，智慧光明悉照十方人，经道之明。譬如月初生时日日增益；菩萨如是，精进具足于功德。譬如师子，独行独步无所畏；菩萨如是，被戒德之铠，独行独步无所畏。譬如草木，虽无上枝下根由复生；菩萨如是，虽断三处，极大慈续见世间。譬如万川四流皆归于海，合为一味；菩萨如是，持若干种行合会功德，持用成愿一味，入萨芸若中。譬如须弥山，忉利住其上；菩萨如是，发心成萨芸若。譬如树荫却雨；菩萨如是，持极大慈雨于经道。譬如国王得傍臣共治，则好沤和拘舍罗；如是菩萨，所作为如佛。譬如天晴欲索雨不能得也；菩萨如是，不学经道，豫知不高明也。譬如遮迦越罗王之所处，自然后七宝自然来生；菩萨如是，初生萨芸若意，然后自然生三十七品经。譬如更治摩尼珠，其价增倍多所饶益；师成一人为菩萨道，众 现代汉语译本： 佛陀对迦叶说：‘迦叶！有三十二件事，因此被称为菩萨。’ 佛陀告诉迦叶：‘譬如土地，所有的人都根据自己所种的而收获，土地不会偏袒任何人；同样，发菩提心的菩萨，自己修行最终成佛，利益十方众生，也不会有所偏袒。迦叶！譬如春夏温暖，所种的作物得以成熟；菩萨的智慧成熟，能使十方众生受益，功德也是如此。譬如水，各种谷物草木都因水而茂盛；菩萨也是如此，发起菩提心，各种经法都从中产生。譬如风，能成就诸佛的国土；菩萨也是如此，善巧方便（沤和拘舍罗）能成就诸佛的经典。譬如太阳，无处不照耀，天下都能看到它的光明；菩萨也是如此，智慧的光明能照耀十方众生，使他们明白经道。譬如新月，每天都在增长；菩萨也是如此，精进修行，具足功德。譬如狮子，独自行走，无所畏惧；菩萨也是如此，身披戒德的铠甲，独自行走，无所畏惧。譬如草木，虽然上枝断了，下根还在，还能继续生长；菩萨也是如此，虽然断除了三处（贪、嗔、痴），但以大慈悲心继续在世间度化众生。譬如万川四流都归于大海，汇合成一种味道；菩萨也是如此，持守各种修行，汇集功德，用以成就愿望，最终进入一切智（萨芸若）的境界。譬如须弥山，忉利天（忉利，三十三天）住在其上；菩萨也是如此，发起菩提心，最终成就一切智。譬如树荫可以遮挡雨水；菩萨也是如此，以大慈悲心降下经道的甘露。譬如国王有大臣辅佐，就能善于运用善巧方便；菩萨也是如此，所作所为都像佛一样。譬如天晴时想求雨是求不到的；菩萨也是如此，不学习经道，就不能预知高深的道理。譬如转轮圣王所居住的地方，自然会有七宝出现；菩萨也是如此，初发一切智之心，自然会产生三十七道品（三十七品经）。譬如重新打磨摩尼宝珠，它的价值会增加很多，能利益更多的人；教导一个人修行菩萨道，众人也会因此受益。’
English
English version: The Buddha said to Kasyapa, 'Kasyapa! There are thirty-two things, therefore they are called Bodhisattvas.' The Buddha told Kasyapa: 'For example, the earth, all people harvest according to what they sow, and the earth does not favor anyone; likewise, a Bodhisattva who has generated the aspiration for enlightenment, cultivates himself and ultimately becomes a Buddha, benefiting all beings in the ten directions, without any partiality. Kasyapa! For example, in the warmth of spring and summer, what is sown matures; the wisdom of a Bodhisattva matures, benefiting all beings in the ten directions, and his merits are like this. For example, water, all grains and plants flourish because of water; a Bodhisattva is also like this, when he generates the aspiration for enlightenment, all the sutras and teachings arise from it. For example, the wind, it can complete the Buddha lands; a Bodhisattva is also like this, skillful means (Upaya Kausalya) can complete the Buddha's teachings. For example, the sun, it shines everywhere, and the world can see its light; a Bodhisattva is also like this, the light of wisdom can illuminate all beings in the ten directions, enabling them to understand the path of the teachings. For example, the new moon, it increases day by day; a Bodhisattva is also like this, he cultivates diligently and is complete in merits. For example, a lion, it walks alone, without fear; a Bodhisattva is also like this, he wears the armor of precepts and virtues, walks alone, without fear. For example, plants, although the upper branches are broken, the lower roots remain, and they can continue to grow; a Bodhisattva is also like this, although he has cut off the three poisons (greed, hatred, and delusion), he continues to guide beings in the world with great compassion. For example, all the rivers and streams flow into the sea, merging into one taste; a Bodhisattva is also like this, he upholds various practices, gathers merits, uses them to fulfill his vows, and ultimately enters the realm of omniscience (Sarvajna). For example, Mount Sumeru, the Trayastrimsa Heaven (Trayastrimsa, the Thirty-three Heavens) dwells on it; a Bodhisattva is also like this, when he generates the aspiration for enlightenment, he ultimately achieves omniscience. For example, the shade of a tree can shelter from the rain; a Bodhisattva is also like this, he bestows the nectar of the teachings with great compassion. For example, a king who has ministers to assist him can be skillful in using skillful means; a Bodhisattva is also like this, his actions are like those of a Buddha. For example, when the sky is clear, one cannot ask for rain; a Bodhisattva is also like this, if he does not study the teachings, he cannot foresee profound truths. For example, in the place where a Chakravartin King resides, seven treasures will naturally appear; a Bodhisattva is also like this, when he first generates the mind of omniscience, the thirty-seven factors of enlightenment (thirty-seven Bodhipaksika dharmas) will naturally arise. For example, when a Mani jewel is re-polished, its value will increase greatly, and it can benefit more people; teaching one person to practice the Bodhisattva path will also benefit many people.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------