English
5, overlapping like folds; 6, bulging like ears of grain from between the belt; 7, having high and low spots like a snake's hood above the belt—these are the seven things not to do. 8, not cutting the upper and lower garments into a circular shape; 9, being too long; 10, not being too short—these three ways of wearing the upper garment, altogether ten faults in dressing. Second, the category of going to a place of activity: unrestrained, improperly dressed, making loud noises, eyes wandering, looking for a long time, head covered, clothes hitched up, shoulders slanting. Hands crossed in front of the neck and crossed behind the back. Jumping, stretching, walking on the soles of the feet and walking squatting. Hands on hips, body swaying, arms swinging. Head turning, shoulders touching, and hands joined. These are the twenty actions of going to a house that should not be done. That is to say, when going to a house, not restraining body and speech with mindfulness and awareness; 1, not wearing or not wearing properly the upper and lower garments, etc.; 2, making loud noises at will; 3, looking with eyes wandering to the left and right; 4, looking longer than the length of the yoke; 5, covering the head with clothes; 6, hitching up the skirt, etc., exposing the lower body; 7, the upper garment slanting on both shoulders; 8, hands crossed in front of the neck; 9, hands crossed behind the back; 10, jumping at will; 11, stretching the buttocks with large steps; 12, lifting the heels and walking on the soles of the feet; 13, walking squatting with the heels planted; 14, walking with hands on hips and elbows extended; 15, walking with the body swaying; 16, walking with arms swinging; 17, walking with the head turning to the left and right; 18, walking with shoulders touching others; 19, walking with hands joined with others—these are the twenty actions of going to a house in a peaceful manner that should not be done; 20, one should learn. Third, the category of sitting on a seat: sitting without being invited, sitting without checking, slamming the buttocks, stretching the legs, crossing the legs, sitting cross-legged, stacking the shins, stretching the legs under the bed, sitting with legs spread. Avoiding exposing the lower body, these are the nine ways of sitting. That is to say, in another's house, sitting on a seat without being invited by the host; 1, sitting without checking whether there are living beings; 2, suddenly lowering the body, buttocks
Chinese
３、以膝盖撞击而坐；４、伸直双腿交叉而坐；５、大腿交叠而坐；６、脚踝叠在脚踝上而坐；７、以胡跪的姿势，将脚收在床下而坐；８、双腿互相张开而坐；９、露出下体而坐。应避免以上这些坐姿，而学习以跏趺坐等良好的坐姿端坐。第四部分是乞食的章节：不善取食，不平端钵；不依次取，斜眼视钵；钵垫先设，藏食复取；置于他器，此为取食八事应舍弃。也就是说，不违背戒律，不善于取食１；端钵时，钵的边缘和口不平齐２；米饭和菜肴或糌粑和油炸食物一起取食３；不按照顺序依次取食４；不专注于钵而斜眼看钵５；在食物到来之前先放置钵垫６；因为贪图剩余的食物，将先取到的食物藏起来，然后再取食；将钵放在其他容器上取食。应避免以上这些行为，并学习正确的取食方法，共有八种。第五部分是进食的章节：违规而食，食物太大太小，不适量；张口待食，食时语，作啧啧声；咂咂呼呼，吹食伸舌；分 grain 而食，挑剔食物；一口 food 颊动，咂嘴断食；舔手摇摆，抖手作势；如塔而堆，进食二十一事应弃。也就是说，违背戒律而不善于进食１；食物太大块２；食物太小块３；与自己或世俗不符，食物不适量４；食物未到口前就张开嘴巴５；进食时说话６；进食时发出酸味般的啧啧声７；甜味般的咂咂声８；冷时发出呼呼声９；热时发出吹气的声音１０；伸出舌头进食１１；将青稞等谷物一颗一颗分开来进食１２；挑剔食物的缺点１３；一口食物在左右脸颊移动着吃１４；咂嘴而食１５；像牲畜一样咬断食物来吃１６；手上沾上食物
English
3, sitting with knees bumping; 4, sitting with legs stretched out and crossed; 5, sitting with thighs crossed; 6, sitting with ankles stacked on top of each other; 7, sitting in the manner of kneeling, with feet tucked under the throne; 8, sitting with legs spread apart; 9, sitting exposing the genitals. These sitting postures should be avoided, and one should learn to sit properly in the lotus position, etc. The fourth section is the section on begging for food: Not taking food well, not holding the bowl level; not taking in order, looking at the bowl sideways; placing the bowl mat first, hiding the food and taking it again; placing the bowl on another container, these eight things of taking food should be abandoned. That is to say, without contradicting the Vinaya, not taking food well 1; taking the edge and mouth of the bowl unevenly 2; taking rice and vegetables or tsampa and fried food together 3; not taking in order according to rank 4; not focusing on the bowl but looking at it sideways 5; placing the bowl mat before the food is brought 6; because of greed for leftover food, hiding the food that came first and then taking more; holding the bowl on top of another container and taking food. These actions should be avoided, and one should learn to take food properly, there are eight of them. The fifth section is the section on eating food: Eating against the rules, food too big or too small, and not appropriate; opening the mouth while eating, speaking while eating, and making clicking sounds; smacking, huffing, blowing, sticking out the tongue to eat; separating grains to eat, criticizing food; moving one mouthful of food in the cheeks, smacking the lips and cutting off food; licking the hands and shaking, shaking the hands and gesturing; making a stupa-like pile, these twenty-one things should be abandoned when eating. That is to say, eating improperly by contradicting the Vinaya 1; food being too big 2; food being too small 3; food not being appropriate, not conforming to oneself or the world 4; opening the mouth before the food arrives 5; speaking while eating 6; making a clicking sound like sourness while eating 7; a smacking sound like sweetness 8; making a huffing sound when it's cold 9; making a blowing sound when it's hot 10; sticking out the tongue to eat 11; separating each grain of barley etc. to eat 12; criticizing the faults of food 13; moving one mouthful of food from left to right in the cheeks while eating 14; eating with a smacking sound 15; cutting off food like a livestock 16; food sticking to the hands
Chinese
十七、用舌头舔，十八、用舌头舔钵和碗等，用手指和勺子刮擦，十九、抖掉手上沾的食物，二十、摇晃装有食物的钵等，二十一、把食物做成佛塔的形状来压碎并吃掉。因此，在吃饭时要避免这二十一种行为，并学习如法地进食。第六部分是关于使用钵的规则：不要为了嘲笑别人的钵而看它，不要用沾了食物的手触摸水器，不要把沾了食物的污水洒在附近的僧侣身上，未经主人允许，不要把沾了食物的洗澡水倒在别人家里，不要把剩下的食物留在钵里不扔掉，不要把钵放在没有支撑的裸露地面上，不要放在垃圾堆上，不要放在陡峭的悬崖边，不要放在倾斜的阶梯上，同样不要放在垃圾堆上，不要放在悬崖边，不要在陡峭的地方洗钵，不要站着在路口洗钵，不要逆着湍急的河流洗钵。以上十四条规则应该学习。第七部分是关于讲法的规则：讲法时，如果听众站着、躺着、坐在高处，讲法者不应站着讲法，也不应躺着讲法，也不应坐在低处讲法，不应背对着听众讲法，不应在路边讲法，不应蒙着头、戴着帽子、斜着身子、双手交叉放在脖子后面讲法，不应系着腰带、戴着帽子、戴着发饰讲法，不应戴着念珠、包着头巾、骑着牛马讲法，不应坐在轿子上、骑在坐骑上、穿着鞋子讲法，不应拿着手杖、伞、武器、刀剑、弓箭、穿着盔甲讲法。以上二十六条规则应该遵守。
English
17. Licking with the tongue, 18. Licking bowls and cups with the tongue, scraping with fingers and spoons, 19. Shaking off food stuck to the hands, 20. Shaking bowls etc. with food, 21. Shaping food into the form of a stupa to crush and eat. Therefore, one should avoid these twenty-one behaviors when eating and learn to eat properly. The sixth section is about the rules for using a bowl: Do not look at another's bowl to mock it, do not touch the water vessel with hands stained with food, do not throw water stained with food on monks nearby, do not pour bathwater stained with food into someone's house without asking the owner, do not leave leftover food in the bowl without throwing it away, do not place the bowl on bare ground without support, do not place it on a garbage heap, do not place it on a steep cliff edge, do not place it on a sloping staircase, similarly do not place it on a garbage heap, do not place it on a cliff edge, do not wash the bowl in a steep place, do not wash it standing at a crossroads, do not wash the bowl against the current of a rushing river. These fourteen rules should be learned. The seventh section is about the rules for teaching the Dharma: When teaching the Dharma, if the listeners are standing, lying down, or sitting on a high seat, the teacher should not stand to teach the Dharma, nor should he lie down to teach, nor should he sit in a low place to teach, he should not teach facing away from the listeners, he should not teach on the side of the road, he should not teach with his head covered, wearing a hat, leaning sideways, with his hands crossed behind his neck, he should not teach wearing a belt, wearing a hat, wearing hair ornaments, he should not teach wearing a rosary, wrapping a turban, riding an ox or horse, he should not teach sitting in a palanquin, riding a mount, wearing shoes, he should not teach holding a staff, umbrella, weapon, sword, bow and arrow, wearing armor. These twenty-six rules should be observed.
Chinese
从人群中行走，或从边缘行走５，以及头部被帽子等遮盖者６，衣服非常华丽者７，衣服斜披在肩膀上者８，双手在颈前交叉者９，在背后交叉者１０，头发在头顶盘成发髻者１１，戴帽子者１２，头上戴着头饰者１３，头上系着装饰花环者１４，头上缠着头巾者１５，骑在大象上者１６，骑在马上者１７，被人抬着者１８，乘坐其他交通工具如马车等者１９，穿鞋子者２０，手里拿着拐杖者２１，拿着伞者２２，拿着矛等武器者２３，拿着剑者２４，拿着弓箭等兵器者２５，穿着盔甲者，不对这些人讲法，即对这二十六种人进行教导后，才如理说法。如果听法者因生病等原因，则没有过失。第八是修行部分：修行的三种方式是站立着大小便，不在水和草上大小便。意思是说，修行的三种行为准则是：不生病时，不站立着大小便１；在没有其他地方可去的情况下，不在水中２；不在有绿色草的地方大小便和吐浓痰等３。第九是行走的行为准则：不要爬到比人还高的树上。意思是说，在没有老虎等危害的情况下，不要爬到比一个人还高的树上，这是行走的一条行为准则。第二是比丘尼的遮止学处：比丘尼有八条他胜罪，二十条僧残罪，三十三条舍堕罪，一百八十条单堕罪，十一条波逸提罪，一百一十二条恶作罪，总共三百六十四条。意思是说，比丘尼的遮止学处包括四条共同的他胜罪，即行不净行等，以及触摸、身体接触、隐瞒和颠倒四条不共同的他胜罪，共八条他胜罪；以及从媒合到令人不悦的七条共同的僧残罪，以及取重物等十三条不共同的僧残罪，共二十条僧残罪；持有、分离、放置三种
English
Not preaching the Dharma to those who are walking in the middle of a crowd or on the edge of a crowd (5), those whose heads are covered with hats, etc. (6), those who are wearing very ornate clothes (7), those who have clothes draped over their shoulders (8), those who have their hands crossed in front of their necks (9), those who have their hands crossed behind their backs (10), those who have their hair gathered on the crown of their heads and tied into a topknot (11), those who are wearing hats (12), those who have diadems on their heads (13), those who have garlands of ornaments tied on their heads (14), those who have their heads wrapped in turbans (15), those who are riding elephants (16), those who are riding horses (17), those who are being carried in litters (18), those who are riding other vehicles such as chariots (19), those who are wearing shoes (20), those who are carrying staffs in their hands (21), those who are carrying umbrellas (22), those who are carrying weapons such as spears (23), those who are carrying swords (24), those who are carrying weapons such as bows and arrows (25), and those who are wearing armor. After instructing these twenty-six types of people (26), one should then engage in teaching the Dharma properly. However, there is no fault if the listener is compelled by illness or other circumstances. The eighth section is the section on practice: The three ways of practice are to stand while urinating and defecating, and not to urinate or defecate on water or grass. This means that the three precepts for practice are: not to stand while urinating or defecating when not ill (1); not to urinate in water when there is no other place to go (2); and not to urinate or defecate or spit thick phlegm on green grass (3). The ninth is the precept for walking: One should not climb a tree higher than a person. This means that one should not climb a tree higher than a person when there is no danger from tigers or other threats; this is one precept for walking. The second is the explanation of the prohibitive precepts for nuns: Nuns have eight parajikas, twenty sanghavasesas, thirty-three nissaggiya pacittiyas, one hundred and eighty pacittiyas, eleven patidesaniyas, and one hundred and twelve sikkhakaranis, for a total of three hundred and sixty-four. This means that the prohibitive precepts for nuns include four common parajikas, such as engaging in unchaste conduct, and four uncommon parajikas, namely touching, physical contact, concealment, and reversal, for a total of eight parajikas; and seven common sanghavasesas, from acting as a matchmaker to causing displeasure, and thirteen uncommon sanghavasesas, such as taking heavy objects, for a total of twenty sanghavasesas; and three types of possession, separation, and placement.