English
As indicated by words such as "what," those who rely on the lay side are: lay practitioners, both parents, and fasting, on top of any of these three vows, constantly guarding the two aspects of aspiration and engagement Bodhicitta, are known as lay Bodhisattvas. For those who are ordained, there are monks, both parents, novices, both parents, and the five vows of a female trainee, on top of possessing any of these, guarding the two aspects of aspiration and engagement is the Bodhisattva's own ground of discipline. Thus, if these eight categories are condensed into substances, the layperson, novice, and monk are three pairs, and the fasting is condensed into the first. The female trainee is counted separately, so it is thought to be four substances, as it says in the Treasury: "Separate liberation is called eight, the nature of substance is four kinds. Since the name is transformed from the name, these differences are not contradictory." Secondly, in the separate explanation, the categories of lay practitioners are indicated by "if divided" and so on. If divided internally, there are also two types of lay practitioners: one is to protect one thing, such as taking life, representing abandoning any one of the four roots, and on top of that, abandoning what is not given, possessing one aspect, and on top of that, abandoning lying, which is mostly protected. On top of that, abandoning sexual misconduct out of desire is three and a half roots. If even alcohol is abandoned, it is considered to be a lay practitioner who is completely protected. Adding the previous quarter of impure conduct, abandoning the four roots and all five with alcohol is called a lay practitioner who practices celibacy. Among the ten precepts of the ordained side, it is permitted for lay practitioners to receive gold and silver in order to support their children. The two, dancing and garlands, are counted as one because of their small faults, and are called the eight-branched precepts, which are constantly guarded without interruption for as long as one lives, and that is a lay practitioner like Chandragomin. A novice must abandon killing, stealing the property of others, engaging in impure conduct, lying, and five things such as adulterated alcohol, and on top of that, dancing, etc., wearing garlands, etc., boasting out of greed for the merits of others, and not being in a Dharma teaching situation, sleeping on a high and wide
Chinese
从大地增高和九次降雨后的第七个半月开始，黎明出现。从那时起，直到太阳过午，下午的时间也避免吃食物和接受金银等，遵守十个学处，这比持守八支斋戒更为殊胜。为了增强智慧和力量，这里粗略地进行了总结，否则，正如所说：四根本（罪），杀三（事），无根（谤），斥责他人五（事），知情（犯戒）后忏悔，嘲笑和以剩余食物略微尊敬（他人），储存大量水果、遮盖（身体）和饮酒，三种歌舞，三种花鬘，高大宽敞的床铺，非时珍宝和三种中间物。如是总共三十三种。如是说。此外，舍弃在家人的标志，接受出家人的标志，以及不轻蔑堪布这三者，是未受比丘戒，仅受中间出家戒的真实还俗。如果不如是守护，即使以坚定的决心受持一天的在家居士戒，也被说是舍弃之因。如《俱舍论》所说：中间势力受持之行为，意义和寿命从根本断绝。比丘尼是在此基础上增加的。应舍弃的十二种行为，即六根本法和六随顺法。首先是：萨吉拉（地女神）。不应独自在路上行走，不应游泳过河，不应触摸男子，不应与他同坐，不应隐瞒罪过，不应成为媒人。这六根本法，是对比丘尼说的。如是说。第二是：彼二者中。接受萨列斯布拉姆，剃除秘密处的毛发，任命土地，砍伐草根等，未经给予而取用食物，储存后食用，以及所谓的颠倒。这六随顺法被认为是戒律。应共同修学的法是：除了七种无罪的情况外，与比丘尼的学处相同。七种无罪的情况是：怀胎、分娩、接触火、接受（布施）、食用、破坏种子，在有草根的地方，丢弃不净物和爬树。应舍弃这些行为及其对治，因为女性的烦恼强烈，因此检验两年等时间能否忍受非常重要。比丘
English
From the seventh half-month after the earth has risen high and there have been nine rains, dawn appears. From then until the sun has passed noon, in the afternoon as well, avoiding eating food and taking gold and silver, etc., holding the ten training precepts is more excellent than holding the eight-branch vows. For the sake of enhancing wisdom and strength, this has been roughly summarized here, otherwise, as it is said: Four root (sins), killing three (things), rootless (slander), rebuking others five (things), confessing after knowingly (breaking a precept), mocking and slightly honoring (others) with leftover food, storing large amounts of fruit, covering (the body) and drinking alcohol, three types of dance, three types of garlands, tall and wide beds, untimely jewels, and three intermediate things. Thus, there are thirty-three in total. Thus it is said. Furthermore, abandoning the signs of a householder, taking the signs of a renunciate, and not despising the Khenpo, these three are actual relapses of having taken only an intermediate renunciation without being bound by the Bhikshu vows. If one does not guard in this way, even taking the vows of a householder for one day with firm resolve is said to be a cause for abandonment. As it says in the Treasury of Knowledge: The action of taking intermediate power, meaning and life are fundamentally cut off. The Bhikshuni is added on top of that. Twelve actions to be abandoned, namely six root dharmas and six corresponding dharmas. The first is: Sagi Lhas (Earth Goddess). One should not walk alone on the road, one should not swim across the river, one should not touch a man, one should not sit with him, one should not hide faults, one should not become a matchmaker. These six root dharmas are spoken to the Bhikshuni. Thus it is said. The second is: Among those two. Accepting Salessbram, shaving the hair of the secret place, appointing land, cutting grass roots, etc., taking food without being given, eating after storing, and what is called reversal. These six corresponding dharmas are considered precepts. The dharmas to be studied together are: the same as the Bhikshuni's precepts except for seven faultless situations. The seven faultless situations are: being pregnant, giving birth, touching fire, receiving (alms), eating, destroying seeds, in places where there are grass roots, discarding impurities and climbing trees. These actions and their antidotes should be abandoned, because women's afflictions are strong, therefore it is very important to examine whether one can endure for two years or so. Bhikshu
Chinese
不净行，杀生，不予取，妄语，这些是根本堕罪，与具足戒比丘共同的四种。 “剩余”的意义是，如果发生了将要讲述的十三种情况中的任何一种，就用床座和食物等，在年长者、中间者和年轻者之后享用剩余，所以称为僧残。住在队列的下端，享用饮食的剩余，因此得名。另外，也有解释说，这是戒律的剩余部分，所以称为“剩余”。什么是体性呢？从三种律仪中，被称为十三种僧残。在不应行的地方泄精液（ཁུ་བ་འབྱིན་，梵文 बीज，罗马音 bīja，汉语字面意思：种子），以贪欲执取女人身体的部位，说粗俗的性爱之语，为了使女人产生贪欲而赞美她，男女互相作为媒介而相聚会面，为了自己而建造超出限度的房屋或大房屋，没有理由或只有少许借口，就依仗而诽谤比丘，制造僧团分裂，追随分裂者，违背教诲，驱逐揭发他人过失者，劝请他人犯戒时感到不悦。这些是对内在有情众生有贪欲的五种，对外在物品有贪欲的两种，即由贪欲产生的七种，由损害产生的两种，由劝诫产生的四种，共十三种。舍堕中，衣物、坐垫、钵等每一类都以十个为一组来划分，所以有三十种。此外，从那里面说，自己的衣服超过十天后仍然持有，与法衣分离超过一天，存放衣物材料超过一个月，让比丘尼洗衣服，从她那里拿取衣物材料，向非亲近的在家众乞讨衣物材料，如果给予，就拿取超过上下两件的衣服，衡量给予自己的上等衣服的价值，用价格和尺寸来乞讨，反复乞讨，接受委托的衣物价格昂贵的财物。制作用蚕丝、羊毛和疾病处理过的坐垫，稀少时只用黑羊毛铺设坐垫，用两份黑羊毛制作坐垫，六年未到期，制作新坐垫，即使有符合标准的铺设物，仍然重新制作，如果得到黑羊毛，就在道路的三拘卢舍尽头制作。让比丘尼洗羊毛，碾磨羊毛，接受金银，进行贸易，有明显标志的，特意
English
Unchaste conduct, killing, taking what is not given, lying—these are the four root defeats common to fully ordained monks. The meaning of "remainder" is that if any of the thirteen situations to be explained occur, one uses bedding and food, etc., and enjoys the remainder after the elders, those in between, and the young, so it is called a saṃghāvaśeṣa. Staying at the bottom of the row and enjoying the remainder of food and drink, hence the name. Alternatively, it is also explained that this is the remaining part of the vows, so it is called "remainder." What is the nature? From the three vows, what is known as the thirteen saṃghāvaśeṣas: emitting semen in a place where it should not be done (ཁུ་བ་འབྱིན་，梵文 बीज，罗马音 bīja，汉语字面意思：seed), grasping a woman's body parts with desire, speaking vulgar sexual words, praising a woman to arouse desire, men and women acting as intermediaries and meeting, building houses or large houses beyond measure for oneself, defaming monks based on no reason or only a slight excuse, creating division in the saṃgha, following those who cause division, contradicting the teachings, expelling those who expose others' faults, feeling displeased when urged to commit offenses. These are the five types of attachment to inner sentient beings, the two types of attachment to external objects, i.e., the seven arising from desire, the two arising from harm, and the four arising from admonishment, totaling thirteen. In expiatory offenses of relinquishment, each category of clothing, cushions, bowls, etc., is divided into groups of ten, so there are thirty. Furthermore, from there, it is said that one's own clothes are still held after ten days have passed, being separated from the Dharma garment for more than one day, storing clothing materials for more than one month, allowing a bhikṣuṇī to wash clothes, taking clothing materials from her, begging for clothing materials from non-relatives among the laity, and if given, taking more than two pieces of upper and lower clothing, measuring the value of the excellent clothing given to oneself, begging repeatedly using price and size, and accepting entrusted expensive valuables for clothing prices. Making cushions made of silk, wool, and disease-treated materials, laying down cushions made only of black sheep's wool when it is scarce, making cushions with two parts black sheep's wool, making new cushions before six years have passed, and even if there is a standard laying, remaking them, and if black sheep's wool is found, making them at the end of three krośas on the road. Allowing a bhikṣuṇī to wash wool, grind wool, accepting gold and silver, engaging in trade, having obvious marks, intentionally
Chinese
20. 交易所得的钵盂未加持。21. 持有超过十日的钵盂。22. 持有成双的钵盂。23. 未付工钱而使人织布，扩大织布规模。24. 比丘赠与的衣服又夺回，或以旧衣换新衣。25. 在布施时间前就据为己有。26. 在寺院里强行脱人衣服，超过七日。27. 大布的遮盖期已过半个月。28. 将僧众的财物据为己有。29. 药物存放超过七日。30. 凡是触犯应舍罪的，若不忏悔，则会堕入恶趣，所以要忏悔。 单堕九十条： 出自《律藏》：明知故妄语，比丘说人过。以离间语，虽和合亦分。为女人说法，与未受具足戒者。一同诵经，说恶处堕罪。以人法诽谤上师，真实语亦毁善知识。轻蔑学处，断绝种子生机。以己之名诽谤，不听教诲。谈论堕罪，佯装未闻，另立新说。床和椅未收叠而离去，驱逐比丘，压低他人地位。床脚挖洞，用有生物的水。种植树木，建造双层讲堂。明知故犯。以下针对比丘尼：未经允许说法，即使允许亦在日落后。为食物说法，毁坏衣物，布施僧衣。意见一致，道路同行，船只逆流而上。在寂静处独坐、站立。允许性行为，一起吃饭都应舍弃。屡次吃饭，在异教徒处。停留超过一夜，食物和钵盂亦是。吃和吃后，吃食物。为了应舍之食而妄语。在不许之处聚集而食。非时过午而食，储藏而食。未经布施接受，一口吞下四种药。乞讨美味食物，带有生物。在用水处、睡觉处睡觉。在寂静处站立、赤身行走。观看军队，在战场停留超过两日。军队布阵，殴打比丘。开始殴打，持有恶处之堕罪。比丘断食，使其接触火焰。对僧众之事提出异议。与未受具足戒者