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In 'naṃ', 'nuka' for 'dvādi' up to seventeen. For the numbers 'dvādi' (two, etc.) up to seventeen, 'nuka' occurs when 'naṃ' is the ending. Dvinnaṃ, catunnaṃ, pañcannaṃ. And so up to aṭṭhārasannaṃ (eighteen). The 'u' sound is for pronunciation. The 'k' sound is for the final part. Therefore, 'naṃ' is not lengthened. 48. For 'bahu' and 'kati'. In 'naṃ', 'nuka' occurs for 'bahu' and 'kati'. Bahunnaṃ, katinnaṃ. 49. Ṇṇaṃ, ṇṇannaṃ from 'ti' when 'jhā'. From 'ti' (three) with the designation 'jha', for the 'naṃ' ending, 'ṇṇaṃ' or 'ṇṇannaṃ' occurs. Tiṇṇaṃ, tiṇṇannaṃ. What is 'jha'? **50. Of both.** For 'both', 'innaṃ' occurs for the word 'naṃ', [resulting in] 'ubhinnaṃ'. **51. Elision of 'ssa'.** From a noun, 'ssa' is elided. [Example:] 'buddhassa'. This is for brevity, when established by the reading of two 's' sounds. **52. 'i' for 'itara' and so on, in 'ssaṃ', 'ssā', 'ssāya'.** In 'ssaṃ' and so on, 'i' occurs for 'itara' and so on. [Examples:] 'itarissaṃ', 'itarissā', 'ekissaṃ', 'ekissā', 'aññissaṃ', 'aññissā', 'etissaṃ', 'etissā', 'etissāya', 'imissaṃ', 'imissā', 'imissāya'. What if 'esu'? [Then] 'itarāya'. What if 'esanti'? [Then] 'sabbassaṃ', 'sabbassā'. **53. 'i' for 'tā' optionally.** In 'ssaṃ' and so on, 'i' optionally occurs for 'tassā'. [Examples:] 'tissaṃ', 'tassaṃ', 'tissā', 'tassā', 'tissāya', 'tassāya'. What if 'ssaṃ', 'ssā', 'ssāya' are not present? [Then] 'tāya'. **54. 'ssa' becomes 'ssāya' from 'ta', 'eta', 'ima'.** From 'ta', 'eta', 'ima', 'ssa' optionally becomes 'ssāya'. [Examples:] 'tassāya', 'tāya', 'etissāya', 'etāya', 'imissāya', 'imāya'. **55. 'ṭo' for 'smiṃ' from 'rati' and so on.** From 'rati' and so on, 'ṭo' optionally occurs for 'smiṃ'. [Examples:] 'ratto', 'rattiyaṃ', 'ādo', 'ādismiṃ'. **56. 'o' for 'ubha' before 'su' and 'hi'.** For 'ubha', 'o' occurs before 'su' and 'hi'. [Examples:] 'ubhosu', 'ubhohi'. **57. 'ā' for 'ltu' and 'pita' and so on, in 'si'.** For words ending in 'ltu' suffix, and for 'pita' and so on, 'ā' occurs when 'si' is present. [Examples:] 'kattā', 'pitā'. [Base forms:] 'pitu', 'mātu', 'bhāvu', 'mītu', 'duhitu', 'jāmātu', 'nattu', 'hotu', 'potu'. **58. 'a' and 'ā' in vocative singular.** For 'ltu' and 'pita' and so on, in the vocative singular, 'a' occurs, and 'ā' also. [Examples:] 'bho katta', 'bho kattā', 'bho pita', 'bho pitā'. **59. 'a', 'i', 'u' optionally long.** For 'a', 'i', 'u', a long vowel optionally occurs, in the vocative singular, in all three genders. [Examples:] 'bho purisā', 'bho purisa', 'bho aggī', 'bho aggi', 'bho bhikkhū', 'bho bhikkhu'. **60. 'e' or 'ā' for 'brahma' and so on.** From the vocative singular, and from 'brahma' and so on, 'e' or 'ā' optionally occurs for the vocative singular ending. [Examples:] 'bhoti kaññe', 'bhoti kaññā', 'bho brahme', 'bho brahma', 'bho khatte', 'bho khatta', 'bho ise', 'bho isi', 'bho sakhe', 'bho sakha'. For 'sakhi' in the feminine, 'sakhi' and 'sakhī' are already established. This is an open class, and similarly elsewhere. **61. From 'amma' and so on.** From 'amma' and so on, the vocative singular ending is not applied. [Examples:] 'bhoti ammā', 'bhoti annā', 'bhoti ambā'. **62. Optionally short.** For 'amma' and so on, in the vocative singular, the vowel is optionally shortened. [Examples:] 'bhoti amma', 'bhoti ammā'. **63. Short vowel in 'ssaṃ', 'ssā', 'ssāya' (in these three).** In 'ssaṃ' and so on, the vowel is shortened. [Examples:] 'tassaṃ', 'tassā', 'tassāya'. 'taṃ'. sabhatiṃ, what is this? By that, assembly. 64. Singular for those ending in -ghona. In the singular, for names not ending in -gha or -oka, the short vowel occurs in all three genders. Itthiṃ, itthiyā, itthiyo, vadhuṃ, vadhuyā, vadhuyo, daṇḍiṃ, daṇḍinā, daṇḍino, sayambhuṃ, sayambhunā, sayambhuvo. What is "not ending in -ghona"? Kaññāya, kaññāyo. The inclusion of -o is for a later purpose. 65. In -ge, optionally. For those not ending in -ghona, in -ge, the short vowel optionally occurs in all three genders: itthi, itthī, vadhu, vadhū, daṇḍi, daṇḍī, sayambhu, sayambhū. What about "not ending in -ghona"? Bhoti kaññā, bho go. 66. In -si, not for neuter. For a name not neuter, in -si, the short vowel does not occur. Itthī, daṇḍī, vadhū, sayambhū. What is "in -si"? Itthiṃ. What is "not for neuter"? Daṇḍi kulaṃ. 67. For Go, in -sa, -si, -hi, -naṃ, -su, gāva and gava. In the cases not -sa, -si, -hi, -naṃ, -su, for the word Go, gāva and gava occur. (Gāvaṃ, gavaṃ), gāvo, gavo, gāvena, gavena, gāvassa, gavassa, gāvasmā, gavasmā, gāve, gave. What is "not -sa, -si, -hi, -naṃ, -su"? Bho go, go tiṭṭhati, gohi, gonaṃ. 68. In -su, optionally. For Go, in -su, gāva and gava optionally occur. Gāvesu, gavesu, gosu. 69. Gavaṃ with -se. For Go, in -se, gavaṃ optionally occurs with -se. Gavaṃ, gāvassa, gavassa. 70. Gunnaṃ and naṃnā. With the word naṃ, for Go, gunnaṃ occurs, and gavaṃ optionally. Gunnaṃ, gavaṃ, gonaṃ. 71. For -nā, -ā. From Go, for -nā, -ā optionally occurs. Gāvā, gavā, gāvena, gavena. 72. In -aṃ, gāvu. In the word -aṃ, for Go, gāvha optionally occurs. Vāvhaṃ, gāvaṃ, gavaṃ. The substitution of goṇa for Go is not made... due to a different word. 73. Yaṃ from -pī. From -pī, for the word -aṃ, yaṃ optionally occurs. Itthiyaṃ, itthiṃ. What is "from -pī"? Daṇḍiṃ, rattiṃ. 74. Naṃ from -jhī. From -jhī, for the word -aṃ, naṃ optionally occurs. Daṇḍinaṃ, daṇḍiṃ. How is 'buddhaṃ ādiccabandhuna' explained? By division of the rule. What is -jhī? Itthiṃ. What is -ī? Aggiṃ. 75. For -yo, none in masculine. From -jhī, for -yo, none optionally occur in the masculine, in order. Daṇḍīno, daṇḍine, d Aṇḍī, is it a son? Women, what is a man? Families with staffs. 76. No. A son is of the Yona, or not, in the masculine. Staff-bearers stand, see staff-bearers, or a staff-bearer. 77. Smino ni. Of a son, of the smiṃ-case, ni occurs, or not. Daṇḍini, daṇḍismiṃ, is it a son? Aggismiṃ. 78. Ambvādīhi. From ambu and others, sminoni occurs, or not. Fruit falls in water, as a flower made in dust in the sun, or what? Ambumhi, paṃsumhi. 79. Kammādito. From kamma and others, smino ni occurs, or not. Kammani, kamme. Kamma, camma, vesma, bhasma (asma), brahma, atta, ātuma, ghamma, muddha. What is "from kamma and others"? Buddhe. 80. Nāsseno. From kamma and others, of the nā-case, eno occurs, or not. Kammena, kammanā, cammena, cammanā, what is "from kamma and others"? Buddhena. 81. Jhalā sassa no. From jhala, of the sa-case, no occurs, or not. Aggino, aggissa, daṇḍino, daṇḍissa, bhikkhuno, bhikkhussa, sayambhuno, sayambhussa. How is "yo ca sisso mahāmune" (3)? "Ito kvaci sassa ṭānubandho" in the readings of Brahmā and others, sa has ṭānubandho e. 82. Nā smāssa. From jhala, of the smā-case, nā occurs, or not. Agginā, aggismā, daṇḍinā, daṇḍismā, bhikkhunā, bhikkhusmā, sayambhunā, sayambhusmā. 83. Lā yo naṃ vo pume. From la, of the yo-case, vo occurs, or not, in the masculine. Bhikkhavo, bhikkhū, sayambhuvo, sayambhū. What is "in the masculine"? Āyūni. 84. Jantvādito no ca. From jantu and others, of the yo-case, no occurs, and vo, or not, in the masculine. Jantuno, jantavo, jantuyo, gotrabhuno, gotrabhuvo, gotrabhū. Sahabhuno, sahabhuvo, sahabhū. 85. Kūto. From a word ending in the kū-suffix, of the yo-case, no occurs, or not, in the masculine. Viduno, vidū, viññuno, viññū, sabbaññuno, sabbaññū. 86. Dhalāpo-musmā. From the word amu, of the yo-case, only elision occurs, in the masculine. Amū. What is "in the masculine"? Amuyo, amūni. This is an exception. 87. Na no sassa. From amu, of the sa-case, no does not occur. Amussa. What is "no"? Amuyā. 88. Yolopanisu dīgho. When yo is elided, and in ni-cases, lengthening occurs. Aṭṭhī. Bones, what is “yolopanisūti”? Nights. 89. Sunaṃhisu. In these, the name becomes long. In fires, of fires, by fires. 90. Of the fourteen beginning with five. Of the fourteen beginning with five, sunaṃhisva occurs. In fives, of fives, by fives, in sixes, of sixes, by sixes, thus up to eighteen. 91. Of ntussa, when yvādi. In yvādi, ntussa becomes a. Possessing virtues, possessing virtue, possessing virtues, by one possessing virtue, etc. What is “yvādi”? One possessing virtue stands. 92. And of nt, ṭa in vaṃsa. In aṃsa, ntappaccaya becomes ṭa, or of nt. Whatever king he serves, whether good or bad, he should do what is to be done for one who does not do it, like Mount Himavat, even one of good birth is without birth. By division of yoga, elsewhere too. The sighted become blind, but the bhikkhus of Vaggumudātīriya are handsome. 93. Of jha, in yosu, in masculine. Of jhasañña, issa becomes ṭa in yosu, optionally, in the masculine. Fires, fires. What is “jhaggahaṇaṃ”? So that ṭa may not occur for the whole ikāranta group, in nights. What is “iggahaṇaṃ”? Staff-bearers. What is “pumeti”? Bones. 94. Of lu, in vevosu. Of lasañña, ussa becomes ṭa in vevosu. O bhikkhus, O bhikkhus. What is “vevosūti”? Living beings. What is “uggahaṇaṃ”? Self-existent ones. 95. In yomhi, sometimes. In yomhi, sometimes of lasañña, ussa becomes ṭa. Causes, the Kurus rejoice at seeing him, may the Kurus bring him today. What is “vāti”? Causes. 96. In masculine address, vevo. From lasañña, from u, yossa in address becomes vevo, optionally, in the masculine. O bhikkhus, O bhikkhus, bhikkhus. What is “pumeti”? Lifespans. What is “ālapaneti”? Living beings stand. What is “lutotveva”? Cows, self-existent ones. 97. Smāhismiṃ, naṃ, mhābhimhi. After nāma, smāhismiṃ and naṃ become mhā and bhimhi, respectively, optionally. From the Buddha, from the Buddha, by the Buddhas, by the Buddhas, in the Buddha, in the Buddha. Due to the abundance rule, even in the sphere of exceptions, in the ten thousand world systems. 98. Of suhisva, e. Of akāranta, suhisva becomes e. In the Buddhas, by the Buddhas. 99. Of sabbādi, naṃmhīc a. For 'a'-ending words beginning with 'sabba', 'e' occurs in 'naṃ' and 'suhi'. 'Sabbesaṃ', 'sabbesu', 'sabbehi'. What is meant by 'sabbādīnaṃ'? 'Buddhānaṃ'. Is it just 'assa'? 'Amūsaṃ'.