English
And what kind of person has unguarded doors of the senses? Therein, what is the state of having unguarded doors of the senses? Here, a certain person, having seen a form with the eye, becomes a perceiver of its general appearance, a perceiver of its details; because of which, while the eye-faculty dwells unrestrained, covetousness and distress, evil unwholesome states, might flow in upon him, he does not practice for its restraint, he does not guard the eye-faculty, he does not undertake restraint in the eye-faculty. Having heard a sound with the ear… having smelled an odor with the nose… having tasted a flavor with the tongue… having felt a tactile sensation with the body… having cognized a mental phenomenon with the mind, becomes a perceiver of its general appearance, a perceiver of its details; because of which, while the mind-faculty dwells unrestrained, covetousness and distress, evil unwholesome states, might flow in upon him, he does not practice for its restraint, he does not guard the mind-faculty, he does not undertake restraint in the mind-faculty. That lack of guarding, lack of protection, lack of watchfulness, lack of restraint of these six faculties – this is called the state of having unguarded doors of the senses. A person endowed with this state of having unguarded doors of the senses is "one with unguarded doors of the senses". 58. And what kind of person is immoderate in eating? What is immoderation in food? Here, some person, without reflection, unskillfully takes food for sport, for intoxication, for adornment, for beautification. That dissatisfaction, immoderation, lack of reflection in food there – this is called immoderation in food. A person endowed with this immoderation in food is called "immoderate in food". 59. And what person is unmindful? What is unmindfulness there? That lack of mindfulness, lack of recollection, lack of attention, lack of remembering, lack of holding, forgetting, confusion – this is called unmindfulness. A person endowed with this unmindfulness is called "unmindful". 60. And what person is without clear comprehension? What is lack of clear comprehension there? That ignorance, not seeing, not understanding, not comprehending, not awakening, not penetrating, not grasping, not pervading, not reflecting, not reviewing, not direct knowledge, dullness, foolishness, lack of clear comprehension, delusion, great delusion, utter delusion, ignorance, flood of ignorance, yoke of ignorance, underlying tendency of ignorance, obsession of ignorance, fetter of ignorance, delusion, root of unwholesome – this is called lack of clear comprehension. A person endowed with this lack of clear comprehension is called "without clear comprehension". 61. And what person is corrupted in virtue? What is corruption of virtue there? Transgression by body, transgression by speech, transgression by body and speech – this is called corruption of virtue. All immorality is corruption of virtue. A person endowed with this corruption of virtue is called "corrupted in virtue". 62. And what person is corrupted in view? What is corruption of view there? "There is no giving, there is no sacrifice, there is no offering, there is no fruit or result of good and bad deeds, there is no this world, there is no other world, there is no mother, there is no father, there are no spontaneously arisen beings, there are no recluses and brahmins in the world who are rightly gone, rightly practiced, who have understood this world..." and the other world, having directly known and realized it themselves, declare it. Such a view, a going by views, a thicket of views, a wilderness of views, a wriggling of views, a vacillation of views, a fetter of views, a grasping, a clinging, an adherence, a misapprehension, a wrong path, a false way, wrongness, a ground for views, a perverted grasping, this is called wrong view. All wrong views are wrong view. A person endowed with this wrong view is called "one fallen into wrong view." 63. And what kind of person is inwardly fettered? The person whose five lower fetters are not abandoned – this person is called "inwardly fettered." 64. And what kind of person is outwardly fettered? The person whose five higher fetters are not abandoned – this person is called "outwardly fettered." 65. And what kind of person is not wrathful? Therein, what is wrath? That wrath, being angry, the state of being angry, hatred, being hostile, the state of being hostile, ill-will, being malicious, the state of being malicious, opposition, counter-opposition, fierceness, ill-temper, displeasure of mind – this is called wrath. The person in whom this wrath is abandoned – this person is called "not wrathful." 66. And what kind of person is not resentful? Therein, what is resentment? Wrath at an earlier time, resentment at a later time, such resentment, holding a grudge, the state of holding a grudge, establishing, settling, firmly establishing, connecting, linking, making wrath firm – this is called resentment. The person in whom this resentment is abandoned – this person is called "not resentful." 67. And what kind of person is not disparaging? Therein, what is disparagement? That disparagement, belittling, the state of belittling, contempt, the act of contempt – this is called disparagement. The person in whom this disparagement is abandoned – this person is called "not disparaging." 68. And what kind of person is not envious? What is rivalry there? That rivalry, being rivalrous, the state of being rivalrous, the food of rivalry, the ground for dispute, taking sides, not letting go – this is called rivalry. The person for whom this rivalry is abandoned – this person is called "non-rivalrous". 69. And what person is non-envious? What is envy there? That envy regarding others' gain, respect, reverence, honor, veneration, and worship; envy, being envious, the state of being envious; jealousy, being jealous, the state of being jealous – this is called envy. The person for whom this envy is abandoned – this person is called "non-envious". 70. And what person is non-miserly? What is miserliness there? There are five kinds of miserliness: miserliness regarding dwelling, miserliness regarding family, miserliness regarding gain, miserliness regarding praise, miserliness regarding the Dhamma. That such miserliness, being miserly, the state of being miserly, stinginess, meanness, harshness, the mind's ungenerosity – this is called miserliness. The person for whom this miserliness is abandoned – this person is called "non-miserly". 71. And what person is non-deceitful? What is deceit there? Here, some person is deceitful, very deceitful. That deceit there, deceitfulness, the state of being deceitful, harshness, harsh behavior, cunning, the state of being cunning – this is called deceit. The person for whom this deceit is abandoned – this person is called "non-deceitful". 72. And what person is non-hypocritical? What is hypocrisy there? Here, some person, having committed misconduct by body, having committed misconduct by speech, having committed misconduct by mind, for the sake of concealing it, forms an evil wish: "May they not know me," he wishes; "May they not know me," he resolves; "May they not know me," he speaks; "May they not know me," he strives with his body. That such hypocrisy, being hypocritical, excessive cunning, deception, trickery, diversion, evasion, concealment, thorough concealment, covering, thorough covering, not making manifest, not making clear, obscuring evil. ...deceit – this is called illusion. The person for whom this illusion is abandoned – this person is called "not deceitful". 73. And what kind of person is conscientious? Therein, what is conscientiousness? That which is ashamed, ashamed of what should be ashamed of, ashamed of falling into evil, unwholesome states – this is called conscientiousness. The person endowed with this conscientiousness is called "conscientious". 74. And what kind of person is fearful of wrongdoing? Therein, what is fear of wrongdoing? That which is fearful, fearful of what should be feared, fearful of falling into evil, unwholesome states – this is called fear of wrongdoing. The person endowed with this fear of wrongdoing is called "fearful of wrongdoing". 75. And what kind of person is amenable? Therein, what is amenability? When spoken to by those in accordance with the Dhamma, amenability, docility, amenability, not taking it with hostility, not being contrary, respect, respectfulness, reverence, deference – this is called amenability. The person endowed with this amenability is called "amenable". 76. And what kind of person is a good friend? Therein, what is good friendship? Those persons who are faithful, virtuous, learned, generous, wise, that association with them, frequent association, close association, communion, intimate communion, devotion, deep devotion, intimate connection – this is called good friendship. The person endowed with this good friendship is called "a good friend". 77. And what kind of person has guarded doors of the senses? Therein, what is guarding the doors of the senses? Here, a certain person, having seen a form with the eye, does not grasp at its general appearance, nor at its details; because of which, if the eye-faculty were to remain unguarded, evil, unwholesome states of covetousness and displeasure might flow in upon him, for its restraint he practices, he guards the eye-faculty, he undertakes restraint in the eye-faculty. Having heard a sound with the ear... Having smelled an odor with the nose... Having tasted a flavor with the tongue... Having felt a tactile sensation with the body... Having cognized a mental phenomenon with the mind, he does not grasp at its general appearance... He does not grasp at details. Wherein, if this faculty of mind dwells unrestrained, evil unwholesome states of covetousness and displeasure would flow in upon him, for its restraint he practices,