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and those formations leading to renewed existence. The even state is cessation, by the state of peace, by the state of excellence. Insofar as cessation is present, so far it is well-begun, thus it is an enlightenment factor. How do I know, "while it stands, it stands"? And if it falls, "it falls due to this condition," do I know? In how many ways does the enlightenment factor of equanimity stand? In how many ways does the enlightenment factor of equanimity fall? In eight ways does the enlightenment factor of equanimity stand. In eight ways does the enlightenment factor of equanimity fall. By which eight ways does the enlightenment factor of equanimity stand? By attending to non-arising, the enlightenment factor of equanimity stands. By not attending to arising, the enlightenment factor of equanimity stands. By attending to non-occurrence, the enlightenment factor of equanimity stands. By not attending to occurrence, the enlightenment factor of equanimity stands. By attending to the signless, the enlightenment factor of equanimity stands. By not attending to signs, the enlightenment factor of equanimity stands. By attending to cessation, the enlightenment factor of equanimity stands. By not attending to formations, the enlightenment factor of equanimity stands. By these eight ways, the enlightenment factor of equanimity stands. By which eight ways does the enlightenment factor of equanimity fall? By attending to arising, the enlightenment factor of equanimity falls. By not attending to non-arising, the enlightenment factor of equanimity falls. By attending to occurrence, the enlightenment factor of equanimity falls. By not attending to non-occurrence, the enlightenment factor of equanimity falls. By attending to signs, the enlightenment factor of equanimity falls. By not attending to the signless, the enlightenment factor of equanimity falls. By attending to formations, the enlightenment factor of equanimity falls. By not attending to cessation, the enlightenment factor of equanimity falls. By these eight ways, the enlightenment factor of equanimity falls. The factor departs. Thus I know it remains when it remains; even if it departs, I know it departs due to this condition. The discourse on the Factors of Awakening is concluded. 4. The discourse on Loving-kindness 22. Occasion at Savatthi. "By the liberation of mind through loving-kindness, monks, when cultivated, developed, made much of, made a vehicle, made a basis, established, practiced, and thoroughly undertaken, eleven benefits are to be expected. Which eleven? One sleeps happily, wakes happily, sees no evil dreams, is dear to humans, is dear to non-humans, devas protect him, fire, poison, or weapons do not affect him, his mind is quickly concentrated, his facial complexion is clear, he dies unconfused, and if he does not penetrate further, he goes to the Brahma-world. By the liberation of mind through loving-kindness, monks, when cultivated, developed, made much of, made a vehicle, made a basis, established, practiced, and thoroughly undertaken – these eleven benefits are to be expected." There is the boundless pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness, there is the limited pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness, there is the directional pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness. In how many ways is there the boundless pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness, in how many ways is there the limited pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness, in how many ways is there the directional pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness? There is the boundless pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness in five ways, there is the limited pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness in seven ways, there is the directional pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness in ten ways. Which are the five ways of the boundless pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness? May all beings be free from enmity, free from ill-will, free from trouble, and maintain themselves in happiness. May all breathing things be free from enmity, free from ill-will, free from trouble, and maintain themselves in happiness. May all creatures be free from enmity, free from ill-will, free from trouble, and maintain themselves in happiness. May all persons be free from enmity, free from ill-will, free from trouble, and maintain themselves in happiness. May all those who have an individual existence be free from enmity, free from ill-will, free from trouble, and maintain themselves in happiness. These are the five ways of the boundless pervasion of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness. Which are the seven ways of the limited pervasion of Is it the liberation of mind through loving-kindness, without enmity? May all females be without enmity, without ill-will, without trouble, may they keep themselves happy. May all males, all noble ones, all ignoble ones, all devas, all humans, all those in states of woe, be without enmity, without ill-will, without trouble, may they keep themselves happy. By these seven ways is the general pervading liberation of mind through loving-kindness. By which ten ways is the directional pervading liberation of mind through loving-kindness? May all beings in the eastern direction be without enmity, without ill-will, without trouble, may they keep themselves happy. May all beings in the western direction, in the northern direction, in the southern direction, in the south-eastern direction, in the north-western direction, in the north-eastern direction, in the south-western direction, in the downward direction, in the upward direction, be without enmity, without ill-will, without trouble, may they keep themselves happy. May all living things in the eastern direction, all creatures, all persons, all those with individual existence, all females, all males, all noble ones, all ignoble ones, all devas, all humans, all those in states of woe, be without enmity, without ill-will, without trouble, may they keep themselves happy. May all those in states of woe in the western direction, in the northern direction, in the southern direction, in the south-eastern direction, in the north-western direction, in the north-eastern direction, in the south-western direction, in the downward direction, in the upward direction, be without enmity, without ill-will, without trouble, may they keep themselves happy. By these ten ways is the directional pervading liberation of mind through loving-kindness. 1. Chapter on Faculties 23. For all beings: avoiding oppression, by non-oppression; avoiding harm, by non-harming; avoiding torment, by non-tormenting; avoiding exhaustion... With boundless reach, avoiding harm, for non-harming, may all beings be without enmity, not hostile, may they be happy, not suffering, may they be happy in themselves, not suffering in themselves – by these eight modes, one extends loving-kindness to all beings – this is mettā. One minds that phenomenon – this is ceto. One is liberated from all mental defilements of ill-will – this is vimutti. Loving-kindness and mind and liberation – this is mettācetovimutti. May all beings be without enmity, may they be safe, may they be happy – one resolves with faith. The liberation of mind through loving-kindness is developed by the faculty of faith. May all beings be without enmity, may they be safe, may they be happy – one exerts effort. The liberation of mind through loving-kindness is developed by the faculty of effort. May all beings be without enmity, may they be safe, may they be happy – one establishes mindfulness. The liberation of mind through loving-kindness is developed by the faculty of mindfulness. May all beings be without enmity, may they be safe, may they be happy – one concentrates the mind. The liberation of mind through loving-kindness is developed by the faculty of concentration. May all beings be without enmity, may they be safe, may they be happy – one understands with wisdom. The liberation of mind through loving-kindness is developed by the faculty of wisdom. These five faculties are the cultivation of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness. By these five faculties, the liberation of mind through loving-kindness is cultivated. These five faculties are the development of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness. By these five faculties, the liberation of mind through loving-kindness is developed. These five faculties are the frequent practice of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness. By these five faculties, the liberation of mind through loving-kindness is frequently practiced. These five faculties are the adornments of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness. By these five faculties, the liberation of mind through loving-kindness is well-adorned. These five faculties are the requisites of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness. By these five faculties, the liberation of mind through loving-kindness is well-equipped. These five faculties are the retinue of the liberation of mind through loving-kindness. By these By the five faculties, the liberation of mind by loving-kindness is well-surrounded. These five faculties, for the liberation of mind by loving-kindness, are practices, are developments, are made much of, are ornaments, are requisites, are attendants, are fulfillments, are accompanied by, are co-arisen with, are associated with, are conjoined with, are plungings into, are clarities, are establishments, are liberations, are touches of "this is peaceful," are made into a vehicle, are made into a basis, are undertaken, are familiarized, are well-begun, are well-developed, are well-determined, are well-emerged, are well-liberated, they bring forth, they illuminate, they radiate. 2. Chapter on Powers 24. May all beings be free from enmity, may they be free from harm,