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Without having established his view by action, by designation, and by utterance; by proclamation, by the voting stick, these five are based on view. Patience, preference, and perception, these three are fivefold ways. In the lower dark side, just as there are twenty ways; So too in the bright side, know there are twenty. 13. The Chapter on Resident Monks "By how many factors, venerable sir, is a resident monk endowed, who is cast into hell just as he was brought?" "Upāli, a resident monk endowed with five factors is cast into hell just as he was brought." "Which five?" He goes on the wrong path of desire, he goes on the wrong path of hatred, he goes on the wrong path of delusion, he goes on the wrong path of fear, he consumes what belongs to the Sangha as if it were for personal use – Upāli, a resident monk endowed with these five factors b A monk, as brought, is placed thus in hell. "Upāli, a resident monk, endowed with five factors, as brought, is placed thus in heaven. Which five? He does not go by way of desire, he does not go by way of hatred, he does not go by way of delusion, he does not go by way of fear, he does not consume what belongs to the Sangha for personal use. Indeed, Upāli, a resident monk, endowed with these five factors, as brought, is placed thus in heaven." "How many, venerable sir, are there unrighteous declarations of Vinaya?" "These five, Upāli, are unrighteous declarations of Vinaya. Which five? Here, Upāli, a monk declares what is not Dhamma to be Dhamma, declares what is Dhamma to be not Dhamma, declares what is not Vinaya to be Vinaya, declares what is Vinaya to be not Vinaya, lays down what has not been laid down, abolishes what has been laid down. Indeed, Upāli, these five are unrighteous declarations of Vinaya. These five, Upāli, are righteous declarations of Vinaya. Which five? Here, Upāli, a monk declares what is not Dhamma to be not Dhamma, declares what is Dhamma to be Dhamma, declares what is not Vinaya to be not Vinaya, declares what is Vinaya to be Vinaya, does not lay down what has not been laid down, does not abolish what has been laid down. Indeed, Upāli, these five are righteous declarations of Vinaya." "How many factors, venerable sir, is a food-distributor endowed with, so that, as brought, he is placed thus in hell?" "Upāli, a food-distributor, endowed with five factors, as brought, is placed thus in hell. Which five? He goes by way of desire, he goes by way of hatred, he goes by way of delusion, he goes by way of fear, he does not know what has been allotted and what has not been allotted. Indeed, Upāli, a food-distributor, endowed with these five factors, as brought, is placed thus in hell." "Upāli, a food-distributor, endowed with five factors, as brought, is placed thus in heaven. Which five? He does not go by way of desire..." does not go by way of desire, does not go by way of hatred, does not go by way of delusion, does not go by way of fear, knows what is assigned and what is not assigned – possessed of these five factors, Upāli, the food-distributor is placed as if brought to heaven. 464. “How many factors, venerable sir, does the one who arranges lodgings… …the storekeeper… …the receiver of robes… …the distributor of robes… …the distributor of gruel… …the distributor of fruits… …the distributor of snacks… …the distributor of small items… …the one who has cloths collected… …the one who has bowls collected… …the one who sends monastery attendants… …the one who sends novices, possess, so that he is placed as if brought to hell?” “Upāli, the one who sends novices, possessed of five factors, is placed as if brought to hell. Which five? He goes by way of desire, he goes by way of hatred, he goes by way of delusion, he goes by way of fear, he does not know what is sent and what is not sent – possessed of these five factors, Upāli, the one who sends novices, is placed as if brought to hell. Upāli, the one who sends novices, possessed of five factors, is placed as if brought to heaven. Which five? He does not go by way of desire, he does not go by way of hatred, he does not go by way of delusion, he does not go by way of fear, he knows what is sent and what is not sent – possessed of these five factors, Upāli, the one who sends novices, is placed as if brought to heaven.” The Chapter on Residents, the thirteenth, is finished. Its summary: Residents' explanation, Food and lodgings; Collection of goods and robes, And distributor of robes. Gruel, fruit, and snacks, Collector of small cloths; Bowls, and monastery attendants, And the one who sends novices. 14. The Chapter on Spreading the Kathina Robe 465. “How many advantages, venerable sir, are there in spreading the Kathina robe?” “Upāli, there are these five advantages in spreading the Kathina robe. Which five? Going without informing, going without taking leave, group meals, robes as much as needed, and whatever robe material arises there, that will be theirs. mindfulness – these, Upāli, are five advantages in the laying out of the Kathina robe. 466. ‘‘How many, venerable sir, are the disadvantages for one who is unmindful, not comprehending, when falling asleep?’’ ‘‘These five, Upāli, are the disadvantages for one who is unmindful, not comprehending, when falling asleep. Which five? He sleeps unhappily, he wakes unhappily, he sees bad dreams, devas do not protect him, he emits impurities – these, Upāli, are the five disadvantages for one who is unmindful, not comprehending, when falling asleep. These five, Upāli, are the advantages for one who is mindful, comprehending, when falling asleep. Which five? He sleeps happily, he wakes happily, he sees no bad dreams, devas protect him, he emits no impurities – these, Upāli, are the five advantages for one who is mindful, comprehending, when falling asleep.’’ 467. ‘‘How many, venerable sir, are not to be saluted?’’ ‘‘These five, Upāli, are not to be saluted. Which five? One who has entered a house is not to be saluted, one who is on the road is not to be saluted, one who is in darkness is not to be saluted, one who is not paying attention is not to be saluted, one who is asleep is not to be saluted – these, Upāli, are the five not to be saluted. ‘‘Again, Upāli, these five are not to be saluted. Which five? One who is drinking gruel is not to be saluted, one who is at the meal is not to be saluted, one who is in a single robe is not to be saluted, one who is engaged in other business is not to be saluted, one who is naked is not to be saluted – these, Upāli, are the five not to be saluted. ‘‘Again, Upāli, these five are not to be saluted. Which five? One who is eating solid food is not to be saluted, one who is eating is not to be saluted, one who is defecating is not to be saluted, one who is urinating is not to be saluted, one who is suspended is not to be saluted – these, Upāli, are the five not to be saluted. ‘‘Again, Upāli, these five are not to be saluted. Which five? One junior in ordination is not to be saluted, one who is not ordained is not to be saluted, an elder of different communion who speaks against the Dhamma is not to be saluted, a woman is not to be saluted, a eunuch is not to be saluted – these, Upāli, are the five not to be saluted. ‘‘Again, Upāli, these five are not to be saluted. Which five? One undergoing probation is not to be saluted, mūlāyapa One who is not worthy of *ṭikassa* is not to be saluted, one who is worthy of *mānatta* is not to be saluted, one who is undergoing *mānatta* is not to be saluted, one who is worthy of *abbhāna* is not to be saluted – these, Upāli, are the five not to be saluted. 468. "How many, venerable sir, are to be saluted?" "These five, Upāli, are to be saluted. Which five? One who was later ordained salutes one who was earlier ordained, an elder of different residence who is a speaker of Dhamma is to be saluted, a teacher is to be saluted, a preceptor is to be saluted, the Tathāgata, the Arahant, the Perfectly Self-Awakened One, in the world with its devas, Māra, and Brahmā, among the generation of recluses and brahmins, devas and humans, is to be saluted – these, Upāli, are the five to be saluted." 469. "By how many qualities, venerable sir, should a newly ordained monk, when saluting the feet of an elder monk, establish within himself before saluting the feet?" "By five qualities, Upāli, should a newly ordained monk, when saluting the feet of an elder monk, establish within himself before saluting the feet. Which five? By a newly ordained monk, Upāli, when saluting the feet of an elder monk, having arranged his upper robe over one shoulder, having raised his joined hands in salutation, having massaged the feet with both palms, and having established love and respect, should the feet be saluted – by a newly ordained monk, Upāli, when saluting the feet of an elder monk, these five qualities should be established within himself before saluting the feet." The chapter on the Spreading of the Kathina is finished, the fourteenth. Its summary – The explanation of the Kathina spreading, and the interval of eating gruel; And the former and the probationer, the salutable and the to-be-saluted. The Upāli Pentad is finished. Summary of these chapters: By the unattached and action, and by usage and non-action; And by accusation and ascetic practices, and by falsehood and the nuns themselves. The Ubbāhikā dispute, the schismatics, the fifth before; The residents and the Kathina, the fourteen are well-explained.