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they will play at 'toy bows', they will play at 'guessing letters', they will play at 'mind-reading', they will play at 'mimicry'; they will train on elephants, they will train on horses, they will train on chariots, they will train with bows, they will train with swords; they will run before elephants, they will run before horses, they will run before chariots, they will run and run towards; they will shout, they will clap their hands, they will wrestle, they will fight with fists. they will sing; and in the middle of the stage, spreading out a robe, they will say to the dancer, ‘Here, sister, dance!’; they will also show their foreheads; they will perform various improper acts. This, monks, is not for the conversion of the unconverted… having censured… having given a Dhamma talk, he addressed Sāriputta and Moggallāna: “Go, Sāriputtas, go to Kīṭāgiri and perform the act of expulsion from Kīṭāgiri for the monks Assaji and Punabbasu. These are your co-residents.” “How, venerable sir, shall we perform the act of expulsion from Kīṭāgiri for the monks Assaji and Punabbasu? Those monks are fierce and harsh.” “Then, Sāriputtas, go with many monks.” “Yes, venerable sir,” Sāriputta and Moggallāna replied to the Blessed One. And thus, monks, it should be done: First, the monks Assaji and Punabbasu should be admonished; having admonished, they should be reminded; having reminded, an offense should be charged; having charged an offense, a competent and capable monk should inform the Saṅgha: 24. “May the Saṅgha, venerable sirs, hear me. These monks Assaji and Punabbasu are defilers of families, of evil conduct. Their evil conduct is seen and heard. And families are corrupted by them, seen and heard. If it is agreeable to the Saṅgha, the Saṅgha should perform the act of expulsion from Kīṭāgiri for the monks Assaji and Punabbasu— that the monks Assaji and Punabbasu should not reside in Kīṭāgiri. This is the motion. “May the Saṅgha, venerable sirs, hear me. These monks Assaji and Punabbasu are defilers of families, of evil conduct. Their evil conduct is seen and heard. And families are corrupted by them, seen and heard. The Saṅgha performs the act of expulsion from Kīṭāgiri for the monks Assaji and Punabbasu— that the monks Assaji and Punabbasu should not reside in Kīṭāgiri. Whose venerable one It is agreeable to the bhikkhus Assaji and Punabbasu the performance of the act of expulsion from Kīṭāgiri – that the bhikkhus Assaji and Punabbasu should not dwell in Kīṭāgiri. Whoever approves, he should remain silent; whoever does not approve, he should speak. A second time I declare this matter... A third time I declare this matter. May the Sangha, venerable sirs, listen to me. These bhikkhus Assaji and Punabbasu are corruptors of families, of evil conduct. Their evil conduct is both seen and heard. And families are corrupted by them, both seen and heard. The Sangha performs the act of expulsion of the bhikkhus Assaji and Punabbasu from Kīṭāgiri – that the bhikkhus Assaji and Punabbasu should not dwell in Kīṭāgiri. Whoever of the venerable ones approves the performance of the act of expulsion of the bhikkhus Assaji and Punabbasu from Kīṭāgiri – that the bhikkhus Assaji and Punabbasu should not dwell in Kīṭāgiri, he should remain silent; whoever does not approve, he should speak. The Sangha has performed the act of expulsion of the bhikkhus Assaji and Punabbasu from Kīṭāgiri – that the bhikkhus Assaji and Punabbasu should not dwell in Kīṭāgiri. The Sangha approves, therefore it is silent. Thus I hold this. Twelve Cases of Improper Acts Bhikkhus, an act of expulsion endowed with three factors is an improper act, and an act contrary to the Vinaya, and badly settled. It is done not in the presence (of the accused), it is done without questioning, it is done without admission – Indeed, bhikkhus, an act of expulsion endowed with these three factors is an improper act, and an act contrary to the Vinaya, and badly settled. And further, bhikkhus, an act of expulsion endowed with three factors is an improper act, and an act contrary to the Vinaya, and badly settled. It is done for no offense, it is done for an offense not leading to declaration, it is done for a declared offense... it is done without accusation, it is done without reminding, it is done without establishing the offense... It is done not in presence, It is done not by Dhamma, It is done by a faction. It is done without questioning, It is done not by Dhamma, It is done by a faction. It is done without admission, It is done not by Dhamma, It is done by a faction. It is done for no offense, It is done not by Dhamma, It is done by a faction. It is done for an offense not leading to confession, It is done not by Dhamma, It is done by a faction. It is done for an offense already confessed, It is done not by Dhamma, It is done by a faction. It is done without charging, It is done not by Dhamma, It is done by a faction. It is done without reminding, It is done not by Dhamma, It is done by a faction. It is done without imputing an offense, It is done not by Dhamma, It is done by a faction. Monks, an expulsion action endowed with these three factors is an unlawful act, and an un-disciplinary act, and poorly settled. The twelve unlawful acts are concluded. The twelve lawful acts 26. Monks, an expulsion action endowed with three factors is a lawful act, and a disciplinary act, and well-settled. It is done in presence, It is done with questioning, It is done with admission. Monks, an expulsion action endowed with these three factors is a lawful act, and a disciplinary act, and well-settled. Monks, an expulsion action endowed with other three factors is a lawful act, and a disciplinary act, and well-settled. It is done for an offense, It is done for an offense leading to confession, It is done for an unconfessed offense. It is done after charging, It is done after reminding, It is done after imputing an offense. It is done in presence, It is done by Dhamma, It is done by the whole Sangha. It is done with questioning, It is done by Dhamma, It is done by the whole Sangha. It is done with admission, It is done by Dhamma, It is done by the whole Sangha. Offense done with a confessed offense, done in accordance with the Dhamma, done in concord…pe… done with an offense leading to a teaching, done in accordance with the Dhamma, done in concord…pe… done with an unconfessed offense, done in accordance with the Dhamma, done in concord…pe… done after admonishing, done in accordance with the Dhamma, done in concord…pe… done after reminding, done in accordance with the Dhamma, done in concord…pe… done after charging with an offense, done in accordance with the Dhamma, done in concord – With these three factors, monks, a banishment act is an act of Dhamma, and an act of Vinaya, and well-settled. The Twelve Dhamma Acts are finished. The Fourteen Desired Acts 27. [pari. 323] “With three factors, monks, if a bhikkhu is endowed, the Sangha, if it wishes, may perform an act of banishment. He is a quarrel-maker, a strife-maker, a dispute-maker, a contention-maker, a maker of legal issues in the Sangha; he is foolish, inexperienced, prone to offenses, unrepentant; he lives associating with laypeople, with inappropriate lay associations – With these three factors, monks, if a bhikkhu is endowed, the Sangha, if it wishes, may perform an act of banishment. “And with other three factors, monks, if a bhikkhu is endowed, the Sangha, if it wishes, may perform an act of banishment. He is deficient in higher virtue regarding virtue, he is deficient in higher conduct regarding conduct, he is deficient in higher view regarding view – With these three factors, monks, if a bhikkhu is endowed, the Sangha, if it wishes, may perform an act of banishment. “And with other three factors, monks, if a bhikkhu is endowed, the Sangha, if it wishes, may perform an act of banishment. He speaks dispraise of the Buddha, he speaks dispraise of the Dhamma, he speaks dispraise of the Sangha – With these three factors, monks, if a bhikkhu is endowed, the Sangha, if it wishes, may perform an act of banishment. And further, monks, a bhikkhu endowed with three qualities, if the Saṅgha wishes, may carry out the act of expulsion. He is endowed with physical mischief. He is endowed with verbal mischief. He is endowed with physical and verbal mischief. With these three qualities, monks, if the Saṅgha wishes, it may carry out the act of expulsion for that bhikkhu. And further, monks, a bhikkhu endowed with three qualities, if the Saṅgha wishes, may carry out the act of expulsion. He is endowed with physical misconduct. He is endowed with verbal misconduct. He is endowed with physical and verbal misconduct. With these three qualities, monks, if the Saṅgha wishes, it may carry out the act of expulsion for that bhikkhu. And further, monks, a bhikkhu endowed with three qualities, if the Saṅgha wishes, may carry out the act of expulsion. He is endowed with physical harm. He is endowed with verbal harm. He is endowed with physical and verbal harm. With these qualities, monks, if the Saṅgha wishes, it may carry out the act of expulsion for that bhikkhu. And further, monks, a bhikkhu endowed with three qualities, if the Saṅgha wishes, may carry out the act of expulsion. He is endowed with wrong physical livelihood. He is endowed with wrong verbal livelihood. He is endowed with wrong physical and verbal livelihood. With these qualities, monks, if the Saṅgha wishes, it may carry out the act of expulsion for that bhikkhu. For three bhikkhus, monks, if the Saṅgha wishes, it may carry out the act of expulsion. One is a quarrel-maker, a strife-maker, a dispute-maker, a gossip-maker, a creator of legal issues in the Saṅgha. One is foolish, incompetent, prone to many offenses, not making amends. One lives mixed up with laypeople, not conforming. By means of improper association with laypeople –