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Homage to the Blessed One, the Worthy One, the Perfectly Self-Enlightened One. In the Vinaya Piṭaka The Cūḷavagga 1. The Chapter on Acts 1. The Act of Censure 1. At that time the Buddha, the Blessed One, was dwelling at Sāvatthī, in Jeta's Grove, in Anāthapiṇḍika's monastery. Now at that time, the monks named Paṇḍuka and Lohitaka, were themselves quarrel-makers, strife-makers, dispute-makers, argument-makers, and controversy-makers in the Saṅgha. And whatever other monks were quarrel-makers, strife-makers, dispute-makers, argument-makers, and controversy-makers in the Saṅgha, they would approach them and say this: "Venerables, do not let him defeat you. Retort with strength against strength. You are wiser than him, more skilled, more learned, and more capable. Do not be afraid of him. We too will be on your side." Because of this, quarrels that had not arisen, arose, and quarrels that had arisen, led to further increase and expansion. Those monks who were of few desires... (etc.) ... they complained, grumbled, and criticized: "How can these monks, Paṇḍuka and Lohitaka, who are themselves quarrel-makers, strife-makers, dispute-makers, argument-makers, and controversy-makers in the Saṅgha, approach other monks who are quarrel-makers, strife-makers, dispute-makers, argument-makers, and controversy-makers in the Saṅgha, and say this: 'Venerables, do not let him defeat you. Retort with strength against strength. You are wiser than him, more skilled, more learned, and more capable. Do not be afraid of him. We too will be on your side.' Because of this, quarrels that had not arisen, arise, and quarrels that had arisen, lead to further increase and expansion!" 2. Then those monks reported this matter to the Blessed One. Then the Blessed One, on account of this cause, on account of this matter, had the community of monks assembled, and questioned the monks: "Is it true, monks, Monks, the pale-red monks, who themselves cause quarrels, cause disputes, cause contentions, cause strife, cause legal cases in the Sangha, and also other monks who cause quarrels, cause disputes, cause contentions, cause strife, cause legal cases in the Sangha, they approach them and say this: 'Do not let that one defeat you, venerable sirs. Counter him with all your might. You are wiser than him, more skilled, more learned, and more capable. Do not fear him. We too will be on your side.' By this, quarrels that have not arisen, arise; and quarrels that have arisen, lead to further increase and expansion. Is this so?" "It is true, Blessed One." The Buddha, the Blessed One, rebuked them: "This is not fitting, Monks, for those foolish men. It is not suitable, not proper, not becoming of a recluse, not allowable, not to be done. How can it be, Monks, that these foolish men, who themselves cause quarrels, cause disputes, cause contentions, cause strife, cause legal cases in the Sangha, and also other monks who cause quarrels, cause disputes, cause contentions, cause strife, cause legal cases in the Sangha, approach them and say this: 'Do not let that one defeat you, venerable sirs. Counter him with all your might. You are wiser than him, more skilled, more learned, and more capable. Do not fear him. We too will be on your side'? By this, quarrels that have not arisen, arise; and quarrels that have arisen, lead to further increase and expansion. This, Monks, is not for the faith of the unfaithful, nor for the further increase of the faithful. Rather, Monks, this is for the lack of faith of the unfaithful, and for the change of heart of some of the faithful." Then the Blessed One, having rebuked those monks in many ways, for their difficulty to support, their difficulty to maintain, their great desires, their discontent, having spoken dispraise of their love of company and their idleness, in various ways... Having spoken in praise of easy support, of easy maintenance, of few wishes, of contentment, of ascetic practice, of purification, of inspiring conduct, of respect, and of energetic effort; having given a Dhamma talk suitable and appropriate for the bhikkhus, he addressed the bhikkhus: "Therefore, bhikkhus, let the Saṅgha carry out the act of rebuke against the 'yellow-red' bhikkhus. And thus, bhikkhus, it should be done. First, the 'yellow-red' bhikkhus should be accused. Having accused them, they should be reminded. Having reminded them, an offense should be imposed. Having imposed an offense, the Saṅgha should be informed by a competent and capable bhikkhu – "May the Saṅgha, venerable sirs, listen to me. These 'yellow-red' bhikkhus are themselves makers of quarrels, makers of disputes, makers of contention, makers of strife, makers of legal cases in the Saṅgha. And whatever other bhikkhus are makers of quarrels, makers of disputes, makers of contention, makers of strife, makers of legal cases in the Saṅgha, they approach them and say this: 'Venerable sirs, do not let him defeat you. Respond with strength against strength. You are wiser than him, more skilled, more learned, and more capable. Do not be afraid of him. We too will be on your side.' Because of this, quarrels that had not arisen, arise. And quarrels that had arisen, lead to further increase and expansion. If it is appropriate for the Saṅgha, the Saṅgha should carry out the act of rebuke against the 'yellow-red' bhikkhus. This is the motion. "May the Saṅgha, venerable sirs, listen to me. These 'yellow-red' bhikkhus are themselves makers of quarrels, makers of disputes, makers of contention, makers of strife, makers of legal cases in the Saṅgha. And whatever other bhikkhus are makers of quarrels, makers of disputes, makers of contention, makers of strife, makers of legal cases in the Saṅgha, they approach them and say this: 'Venerable sirs, do not let him defeat you. Respond with strength against strength. You are wiser than him, more skilled, more learned, and more capable. Do not be afraid of him. We too will be on your side.' 'We too will be on your side.' By that, disputes not yet arisen, arise; and disputes already arisen, lead to greater increase and expansion. The Sangha performs the act of admonition against the monks of yellowish-red color. If it is agreeable to any venerable one that the act of admonition be performed against the monks of yellowish-red color, let him be silent. If it is not agreeable, let him speak. A second time I speak on this matter – May the Sangha, venerable sirs, listen to me. These monks of yellowish-red color are themselves quarrelsome, causing disputes in the Sangha; and also other monks who are quarrelsome, causing disputes in the Sangha, they approach them and say this: ‘Do not let him defeat you, venerable sirs. Contend with the strong and the weak. You are wiser than him, more articulate, more learned, and more capable. Do not be afraid of him. We too will be on your side.’ By that, disputes not yet arisen, arise; and disputes already arisen, lead to greater increase and expansion. The Sangha performs the act of admonition against the monks of yellowish-red color. If it is agreeable to any venerable one that the act of admonition be performed against the monks of yellowish-red color, let him be silent. If it is not agreeable, let him speak. A third time I speak on this matter – May the Sangha, venerable sirs, listen to me. These monks of yellowish-red color are themselves quarrelsome, causing disputes in the Sangha; and also other monks who are quarrelsome, causing disputes in the Sangha, they approach them and say this: ‘Do not let him defeat you, venerable sirs. Contend with the strong and the weak. You are wiser than him, more articulate, more learned, and more capable. Do not be afraid of him. We too will be on your side.’ By that, disputes not yet arisen, arise; and disputes already arisen, lead to greater increase and expansion. The Sangha perfo He performs the act of censure for monks who are pale and blood-stained. If the performance of the act of censure for monks who are pale and blood-stained is agreeable to the venerable one, let him be silent. If it is not agreeable, let him speak. "The Sangha has performed the act of censure for monks who are pale and blood-stained. It is agreeable to the Sangha, therefore it is silent. Thus I hold this." Twelve Unlawful Acts 4. Monks, a censure endowed with three factors is an unlawful act, an un-Vinaya act, and badly settled. It is done not in the presence, it is done without questioning, it is done without admission. Monks, a censure endowed with these three factors is an unlawful act, an un-Vinaya act, and badly settled. And again, monks, a censure endowed with three factors is an unlawful act, an un-Vinaya act, and badly settled. It is done for no offense, it is done for an offense not leading to confession, it is done for an offense that has been confessed. Monks, a censure endowed with these three factors is an unlawful act, an un-Vinaya act, and badly settled. And again, monks, a censure endowed with three factors is an unlawful act, an un-Vinaya act, and badly settled. It is done without accusation, it is done without reminding, it is done without charging with an offense. Monks, a censure endowed with these three factors is an unlawful act, an un-Vinaya act, and badly settled. And again, monks, a censure endowed with three factors is an unlawful act, an un-Vinaya act, and badly settled. It is done not in the presence, it is done unlawfully, it is done by a faction. Monks, a censure endowed with these three factors is an unlawful act, an un-Vinaya act, and badly settled. And again, Monks, an act of rebuke endowed with three factors is an unlawful act, and an un-Vinaya act, and poorly settled. It is done without questioning, it is done unlawfully, it is done by a faction — By these three factors, monks, an act of rebuke, when endowed, is an unlawful act, and an un-Vinaya act, and poorly settled. Further, monks, an act of rebuke endowed with three factors