English
“A rule has been laid down by the Blessed One. And we, perceiving as seen what was not seen, perceiving as attained what was not attained, perceiving as realized what was not realized, perceiving as experienced what was not experienced, declared final knowledge out of conceit. Have we perhaps incurred a pārājika offense?” They reported this matter to Venerable Ānanda. Venerable Ānanda reported this matter to the Blessed One. “There are those, Ānanda, , monks, those who, in the undiscerned, discern; in the unobtained, obtain; in the uncomprehended, comprehend; in the unverified, verify; declare a special knowledge through conceit. And indeed, this is not to be spoken of. And thus, monks, you should recite this training rule: 197. Whatever monk, not knowing, should declare a superhuman state, a self-referential, sufficient noble knowledge and vision, saying: ‘Thus I know, thus I see,’ and then at a later time, whether questioned or unquestioned, being fallen, desiring purification, should say thus: ‘Not knowing, friends, I spoke thus, I know not, I see not. I prattled empty falsehood,’ except through conceit, he too is defeated, not in communion. 198. Whatever means: whoever, of whatever kind… monk means: …in this context, this monk is intended. Not knowing means: not knowing, not seeing, a non-existent, unreal, non-present wholesome state in oneself, thinking: ‘I have a wholesome state.’ [pāci. 70] Superhuman state means: absorption, liberation, concentration, attainment, knowledge and vision, cultivation of the path, realization of the fruit, abandonment of defilements, freedom from hindrances, delight of the mind in an empty dwelling. Self-referential means: he brings those wholesome states to himself, or he brings himself to those wholesome states. Knowledge means: the three knowledges. Vision means: that which is knowledge is vision. That which is vision is knowledge. Should declare means: should announce to a woman or whether of a man, or of a householder, or of one gone forth. "Thus I know, thus I see," "I know these things, I see these things, and these things exist in me, and I am seen in these things." "Then at a later time," means when the moment, the occasion, the instant, when it has passed. "Being questioned," means being questioned concerning the matter that was declared: "What have you attained? How have you attained? When have you attained? Where have you attained? Which defilements have you abandoned? Of which things are you a recipient?" "Not being questioned," means not being spoken to by anyone. "Has fallen into," means being of evil wishes, overcome by desire, having boasted of a non-existent, unreal, superior human state, he has fallen into a pārājika offense. "Desiring purification," means desiring to be a layman, or desiring to be a lay follower, or desiring to be a monastery attendant, or desiring to be a novice. "Not knowing thus, friend, I said, 'I know,' not seeing, 'I see.' I do not know these things, I do not see these things, and these things do not exist in me, and I am not seen in these things." "Empty, false babbling," means it was said by me emptily, it was said by me falsely, it was said by me unrealistically, it was said by me unknowingly. "Except for conceit," means excluding conceit. "This too," is said with reference to the former. "He is defeated," just as a palm tree, with its crown cut off, is incapable of growing again, even That very monk, evil-wishing, overcome by desire, having boasted of a non-existent, unreal superhuman state, becomes no recluse, no son of the Sakyan. Therefore it is said: "He is defeated." "No communion" means: Communion is one action, one aim, common training – this is communion. That with him is not. Therefore it is said: "No communion." 199.Superhuman state means: absorption, liberation, concentration, attainment, knowledge and vision, development of the path, realization of the fruit, abandonment of defilements, freedom of mind from hindrances, delight in an empty dwelling. Absorption means: the first absorption, the second absorption, the third absorption, the fourth absorption. Liberation means: the liberation of emptiness, the liberation of signlessness, the liberation of desirelessness. Concentration means: the concentration of emptiness, the concentration of signlessness, the concentration of desirelessness. Attainment means: the attainment of emptiness, the attainment of signlessness, the attainment of desirelessness. Knowledge and vision means: the three knowledges. Development of the path means: the four foundations of mindfulness, the four right exertions, the four bases of psychic power, the five faculties, the five powers, the seven factors of enlightenment, the Noble Eightfold Path. Realization of the fruit means: realization of the fruit of stream-entry, realization of the fruit of once-returning, realization of the fruit of non-returning, realization of Arahantship. Abandonment of defilements means: abandonment of lust, abandonment of hatred, delusion. Abandonment of laughter. The mind's freedom from hindrances: the mind's freedom from lust, the mind's freedom from hatred, the mind's freedom from delusion. Delight in empty dwellings: delight in empty dwellings through the first jhana, delight in empty dwellings through the second jhana, delight in empty dwellings through the third jhana, delight in empty dwellings through the fourth jhana. 200. Entering the first jhana in three ways: For one who speaks a deliberate lie, there is an offense of expulsion. Beforehand, he thinks, "I will speak a lie." While speaking, he thinks, "I am speaking a lie." After speaking, he thinks, "I have spoken a lie." Entering the first jhana in four ways: For one who speaks a deliberate lie, there is an offense of expulsion. Beforehand, he thinks, "I will speak a lie." While speaking, he thinks, "I am speaking a lie." After speaking, he thinks, "I have spoken a lie." having set aside his view. Entering the first jhana in five ways: For one who speaks a deliberate lie, there is an offense of expulsion. Beforehand, he thinks, "I will speak a lie." While speaking, he thinks, "I am speaking a lie." After speaking, he thinks, "I have spoken a lie." having set aside his view, having set aside his patience. Entering the first jhana in six ways: For one who speaks a deliberate lie, there is an offense of expulsion. Beforehand, he thinks, "I will speak a lie." While speaking, he thinks, "I am speaking a lie." After speaking, he thinks, "I have spoken a lie." having set aside his view, having set aside his patience, having set aside his inclination. ... By seven modes, for one who speaks a deliberate lie, saying, "I enter the first jhāna," incurs an offense of defeat. Beforehand, he thinks: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, he thinks: "I am speaking a lie." After speaking, he thinks: "A lie has been spoken by me." Having set aside the view, Having set aside the acceptance, Having set aside the preference, Having set aside the disposition. 201. By three modes, for one who speaks a deliberate lie, saying, "I enter the first jhāna," incurs an offense of defeat. Beforehand, he thinks: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, he thinks: "I am speaking a lie." After speaking, he thinks: "A lie has been spoken by me." By four modes, for one who speaks a deliberate lie, saying, "I enter the first jhāna," incurs an offense of defeat. Beforehand, he thinks: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, he thinks: "I am speaking a lie." After speaking, he thinks: "A lie has been spoken by me." Having set aside the view. By five modes, for one who speaks a deliberate lie, saying, "I enter the first jhāna," incurs an offense of defeat. Beforehand, he thinks: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, he thinks: "I am speaking a lie." After speaking, he thinks: "A lie has been spoken by me." Having set aside the view, Having set aside the acceptance. By six modes, for one who speaks a deliberate lie, saying, "I enter the first jhāna," incurs an offense of defeat. Beforehand, he thinks: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, he thinks: "I am speaking a lie." After speaking, he thinks: "A lie has been spoken by me." Having set aside the view, Having set aside the acceptance, Having set aside the preference. By seven modes, the first jhāna... "I attain [it]," for one who speaks a deliberate lie, there is an offense of defeat. Beforehand, it occurs to him: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, it occurs to him: "I am speaking a lie." Having spoken, it occurs to him: "I have spoken a lie." Having set aside view, having set aside approval, having set aside preference, having set aside disposition. "By three modes, I have attained the first jhāna," for one who speaks a deliberate lie, there is an offense of defeat. Beforehand, it occurs to him: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, it occurs to him: "I am speaking a lie." Having spoken, it occurs to him: "I have spoken a lie." "By four modes, I have attained the first jhāna," for one who speaks a deliberate lie, there is an offense of defeat. Beforehand, it occurs to him: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, it occurs to him: "I am speaking a lie." Having spoken, it occurs to him: "I have spoken a lie." Having set aside view. "By five modes, I have attained the first jhāna," for one who speaks a deliberate lie, there is an offense of defeat. Beforehand, it occurs to him: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, it occurs to him: "I am speaking a lie." Having spoken, it occurs to him: "I have spoken a lie." Having set aside view, having set aside approval. "By six modes, I have attained the first jhāna," for one who speaks a deliberate lie, there is an offense of defeat. Beforehand, it occurs to him: "I will speak a lie." While speaking, it occurs to him: "I am speaking a lie." Having spoken, it occurs to him: "I have spoken a lie." Having set aside view,