English
English version: For this reason, one cannot be called a Buddha; the Tathagata, World-Honored One, is called a Buddha because of the perfection and completeness of wisdom. 'Good man! Like the Ganges River, three animals cross it together: a rabbit, a horse, and a fragrant elephant (referring to an elephant). The rabbit cannot reach the bottom, but floats across the water; the horse sometimes reaches the bottom and sometimes does not; while the elephant reaches the bottom completely. The Ganges River is the river of the Twelve Links of Dependent Origination (a fundamental Buddhist theory explaining the process of the cycle of life). When a Shravaka (a disciple who attains enlightenment by hearing the Buddha's teachings) crosses, it is like that rabbit; when a Pratyekabuddha (one who attains enlightenment through their own efforts) crosses, it is like that horse; when a Tathagata (one of the titles of the Buddha) crosses, it is like that fragrant elephant, therefore the Tathagata is called a Buddha. Although Shravakas and Pratyekabuddhas have cut off afflictions, they have not cut off habitual tendencies (long-term habitual behaviors and thought patterns), the Tathagata can completely uproot all afflictions and the root of habitual tendencies, therefore is called a Buddha. Good man! There are two kinds of doubt: one is doubt of affliction, and the other is doubt of non-determination (doubt that cannot be determined as good or bad). Those of the Two Vehicles (Shravaka Vehicle and Pratyekabuddha Vehicle) have cut off the doubt of affliction, but have not cut off the doubt of non-determination; the Tathagata can completely cut off these two kinds of doubt, therefore is called a Buddha.' 'Good man! Shravakas are weary of much learning, Pratyekabuddhas are weary of contemplation, the Buddha is not weary of these two, therefore is called a Buddha. Good man! For example, a clean object is placed in a clean container, both inside and out are clean; although the wisdom of Shravakas and Pratyekabuddhas is pure, the container is not pure, the Tathagata is not like this, both wisdom and container are pure, therefore is called a Buddha. Good man! There are two kinds of purity: one is purity of wisdom, and the other is purity of conduct. Although Shravakas and Pratyekabuddhas have pure wisdom, their conduct is not pure; the Tathagata, World-Honored One, has both pure wisdom and pure conduct, therefore is called a Buddha. Good man! The conduct of Shravakas and Pratyekabuddhas is limited, the conduct of the Tathagata, World-Honored One, is boundless, therefore is called a Buddha. Good man! The Tathagata, World-Honored One, can destroy two obstacles in a single thought: one is the obstacle of wisdom, and the other is the obstacle of liberation, therefore is called a Buddha. The Tathagata possesses the cause of wisdom and the fruit of wisdom, therefore is called a Buddha.' 'Good man! The words spoken by the Tathagata are without duality, without error, and without falsehood, wisdom is unobstructed, and the joy of speaking is also like this, possessing the wisdom of cause (wisdom of understanding causes), the wisdom of time (wisdom of understanding timing), the wisdom of characteristics (wisdom of understanding phenomena), without concealment, without the need for protection, no one can surpass, completely knowing the causes of the arising and entanglement of all beings' afflictions.' --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
、灭结因缘，世间八法所不能污，有大怜愍，救拔苦恼，具足十力、四无所畏、大悲、三念，身心二力悉皆满足。 “云何身力具足？善男子！三十三天有一大城，名曰善见，其城纵广满十万里，宫室百万，诸天一千六十六万六千六百六十有六。夏三月时，释提桓因欲往波利质多林中欢娱受乐。由乾陀山有一香象名伊罗钵那，具足七头，帝释发念，象知即来，善见城中所有诸天处其头上，旋行而往。其林去城五十由延，是象身力出胜一切香象身力。正使和合如是香象一万八千，其力唯敌佛一节力，是故身力出胜一切众生之力。世界无边，众生亦尔；如来心力，亦复无边。是故如来独得名佛，非二乘人名为佛也。以是义故，名无上师，名大丈夫，人中香象，师子，龙王，调御示导名大船师，名大医师，大牛之王，人中牛王，名净莲花，无师独觉，为诸众生之眼目也。是大施主，是大沙门，大婆罗门，寂静持戒，勤行精进，到于彼岸，获得解脱。善男子！声闻、缘觉虽有菩提，都无是事，是故名佛。 “善男子！菩萨有二种：一者、在家，二者、出家。出家菩萨分别如是三种菩提，是不为难；在家分别，是乃为难。何以故？在家之人多恶因缘所缠绕故。”◎ 优婆塞戒经修三十二相业品第六 善 现代汉语译本：断灭烦恼的因缘，不被世间八法（利、衰、毁、誉、称、讥、苦、乐）所污染，具有广大的怜悯之心，救拔众生的苦难，圆满具备十力、四无所畏、大悲心和三种忆念，身力与心力都完全具足。 ‘什么是身力具足呢？善男子！三十三天（忉利天）有一座大城，名叫善见城（Sudarsana），这座城池纵横广阔，有十万里之遥，拥有宫殿百万座，诸天有一千六十六万六千六百六十六位。夏天三个月的时候，释提桓因（Śakro devānām indra，帝释天）想要前往波利质多林（Pārijāta）中欢娱享乐。由乾陀山（Gandhamādana）有一头香象，名叫伊罗钵那（Airāvata），具有七个头，帝释天一动念头，香象立刻就来，善见城中所有的诸天都处在它的头上，旋转行进而去。那片树林距离善见城有五十由延（Yojana），这头香象的身力胜过一切香象的身力。即使集合一万八千头这样的香象，它们的力量也仅仅能匹敌佛陀一节指的力量，所以佛陀的身力胜过一切众生的力量。世界无边无际，众生也是如此；如来的心力，也同样是无边无际。因此如来才能独自获得佛的称号，而不是二乘（声闻和缘觉）之人可以被称为佛。因为这个缘故，佛被称为无上师，被称为大丈夫，人中香象，师子（狮子），龙王，调御示导的大船师，大医师，大牛之王，人中牛王，被称为净莲花，无师自悟，是所有众生的眼目。是最大的施主，是大沙门（Śrāmaṇa，出家求道者），大婆罗门（Brāhmaṇa，印度教祭司），寂静持戒，勤奋修行精进，到达彼岸，获得解脱。善男子！声闻（Śrāvaka）和缘觉（Pratyekabuddha）虽然也有菩提（Bodhi，觉悟），但都没有这些功德，所以只有佛才配称为佛。 ‘善男子！菩萨（Bodhisattva）有两种：一种是在家的菩萨，一种是出家的菩萨。出家的菩萨分别这三种菩提，不是难事；在家的菩萨分别，才是难事。为什么呢？因为在家之人多被恶劣的因缘所缠绕的缘故。’ 《优婆塞戒经·修三十二相业品》第六 善哉！
English
English version: The causes and conditions for extinguishing bonds, unpolluted by the eight worldly dharmas (gain, loss, disgrace, fame, praise, censure, suffering, and pleasure), possessing great compassion, rescuing beings from suffering, fully endowed with the ten powers, the four fearlessnesses, great compassion, and the three mindfulnesses, both physical and mental strength are completely fulfilled. ‘What does it mean by complete physical strength? Good man! In the Trayastrimsha Heaven (忉利天), there is a great city called Sudarsana (善见城), which is ten thousand miles in length and breadth, with a million palaces, and one million six hundred sixty-six thousand six hundred sixty-six devas. During the three months of summer, Śakro devānām indra (释提桓因, the lord of the devas) wishes to go to the Pārijāta forest (波利质多林) to enjoy pleasure. From Gandhamādana Mountain (乾陀山) there is a fragrant elephant named Airāvata (伊罗钵那), with seven heads. When Śakra thinks of it, the elephant immediately comes, and all the devas in Sudarsana City are on its heads, circling and going. That forest is fifty yojanas (由延) away from the city, and the physical strength of this elephant surpasses the physical strength of all fragrant elephants. Even if eighteen thousand such fragrant elephants were combined, their strength would only be equal to the strength of one joint of the Buddha's finger. Therefore, the Buddha's physical strength surpasses the strength of all beings. The world is boundless, and so are beings; the Buddha's mental strength is also boundless. Therefore, only the Tathagata can attain the title of Buddha, and not those of the two vehicles (Śrāvakas and Pratyekabuddhas). For this reason, the Buddha is called the unsurpassed teacher, the great hero, the fragrant elephant among men, the lion, the dragon king, the great captain who tames and guides, the great physician, the king of great oxen, the ox king among men, called the pure lotus flower, self-enlightened without a teacher, and the eye of all beings. He is the greatest benefactor, the great Śrāmaṇa (沙门, renunciate), the great Brāhmaṇa (婆罗门, priest), peaceful and disciplined, diligently practicing and advancing, reaching the other shore, and attaining liberation. Good man! Although Śrāvakas (声闻) and Pratyekabuddhas (缘觉) also have Bodhi (菩提, enlightenment), they do not have these merits, so only the Buddha is worthy of being called Buddha.’ ‘Good man! There are two kinds of Bodhisattvas (菩萨): one is a Bodhisattva at home, and the other is a Bodhisattva who has left home. It is not difficult for a Bodhisattva who has left home to distinguish these three kinds of Bodhi; it is difficult for a Bodhisattva at home to distinguish them. Why? Because those at home are often entangled by evil causes and conditions.’ Upāsaka Precept Sutra, Chapter Six on Cultivating the Thirty-Two Marks Excellent! --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chinese
生言：“世尊！如佛所说菩萨身力，何时成就？” 佛言：“善男子！初修三十二相业时。善男子！菩萨修集如是业时，得名菩萨，兼得二定：一、菩提定，二者、有定。复有二定：一者、知宿命定，二者、生正法因定。善男子！菩萨从修三十二相业乃至得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提，于其中间，多闻无厌。菩萨摩诃萨修一一相，以百福德而为围绕。修心五十，具心五十，是则名为百种福德。 “善男子！一切世间所有福德，不及如来一毛功德；如来一切毛孔功德，不如一好功德；聚合八十种好功德，不及一相功德；一切相功德，不如白毫相功德；白毫功德，复不得及无见顶相。 “善男子！菩萨常于无量劫中，为诸众生作大利益，至心勤作一切善业，是故如来成就具足无量功德；是三十二相，即是大悲之果报也。转轮圣王虽有是相，相不明了具足成就。是相业体，即身、口、意业。修是业时，非于天中、北郁单曰，唯在三方，男子之身，非女人身也。菩萨摩诃萨修是业已，名为满三阿僧祇劫，次第获得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提。 “善男子！我于往昔宝顶佛所，满足第一阿僧祇劫；然灯佛所，满足第二阿僧祇劫；迦叶佛所，满足第三阿僧祇劫。善男子！我于往昔释迦牟尼佛所，始发阿耨多罗三藐三菩 现代汉语译本 生言：‘世尊！（Bhagavan，佛陀的尊称）如佛所说菩萨（Bodhisattva，立志成佛的修行者）身力，何时成就？’ 佛言：‘善男子！初修三十二相业时。善男子！菩萨修集如是业时，得名菩萨，兼得二定：一、菩提定（Bodhi Samadhi，觉悟的禅定），二者、有定（Bhava Samadhi，存在的禅定）。复有二定：一者、知宿命定（Purva-nivasânusmriti Samadhi，知晓前世的禅定），二者、生正法因定（Saddharma Hetu Samadhi，产生正法之因的禅定）。善男子！菩萨从修三十二相业乃至得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提（Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi，无上正等正觉），于其中间，多闻无厌。菩萨摩诃萨（Bodhisattva-Mahasattva，伟大的菩萨）修一一相，以百福德而为围绕。修心五十，具心五十，是则名为百种福德。 ‘善男子！一切世间所有福德，不及如来（Tathagata，佛陀的称号之一）一毛功德；如来一切毛孔功德，不如一好功德；聚合八十种好功德，不及一相功德；一切相功德，不如白毫相功德（Urna，眉间白毫）；白毫功德，复不得及无见顶相（Usnisa，头顶肉髻）。’ ‘善男子！菩萨常于无量劫中，为诸众生作大利益，至心勤作一切善业，是故如来成就具足无量功德；是三十二相，即是大悲之果报也。转轮圣王（Chakravartin，统治世界的理想君主）虽有是相，相不明了具足成就。是相业体，即身、口、意业。修是业时，非于天中、北郁单曰（Uttarakuru，四大部洲之一），唯在三方，男子之身，非女人身也。菩萨摩诃萨修是业已，名为满三阿僧祇劫（Asamkhya Kalpa，无数大劫），次第获得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提。 ‘善男子！我于往昔宝顶佛所，满足第一阿僧祇劫；然灯佛（Dipankara Buddha）所，满足第二阿僧祇劫；迦叶佛（Kasyapa Buddha）所，满足第三阿僧祇劫。善男子！我于往昔释迦牟尼佛（Sakyamuni Buddha）所，始发阿耨多罗三藐三菩提